【摘要】：整體身心調(diào)節(jié)訓(xùn)練(Integrative Body-Mind Training, IBMT)是一種源于中國傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)和心身一體整體觀的完整心身訓(xùn)練方式,該方法可以在較短的時間內(nèi)提高練習(xí)者的注意、自我控制和認(rèn)知行為能力。同時,針對該方法的神經(jīng)機(jī)制研究也得出,IBMT可以在短期內(nèi)改變個體大腦的灰質(zhì)和白質(zhì),對個體的大腦具有可塑作用。 工作記憶是人類的認(rèn)知樞紐,在認(rèn)知學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域具有非常重要的地位,它是一種能夠?qū)π畔⑦M(jìn)行暫時性儲存和加工的具有能量的記憶系統(tǒng),對于個體的學(xué)習(xí),認(rèn)知和推理能力等認(rèn)知功能都起到了重要作用。研究者發(fā)現(xiàn),某些冥想訓(xùn)練方法對練習(xí)者的工作記憶有顯著的促進(jìn)作用,但是,在目前的研究領(lǐng)域并沒有關(guān)于短期IBMT影響工作記憶的研究報道。 基于此,本研究擬從行為認(rèn)知和神經(jīng)機(jī)制兩個方面討論IBMT對練習(xí)者工作記憶的影響。應(yīng)用dual n-back行為實驗范式和靜息態(tài)功能磁共振方法,對IBMT與西方流行的放松訓(xùn)練的訓(xùn)練效果進(jìn)行分析比較,比較的時間周期分別為5天和7天。分析對比接受兩種不同訓(xùn)練的練習(xí)者工作記憶能力的改變和改變趨勢,并且研究這種改變的神經(jīng)機(jī)制。 本論文的研究結(jié)果總結(jié)如下： 1、練習(xí)者接受7天IBMT訓(xùn)練后視空間n-back和聽覺n-back實驗范式的正確率與練習(xí)之前相比有顯著提高。而參加放松訓(xùn)練的練習(xí)者并沒有出現(xiàn)視空間n-back任務(wù)正確率顯著提高的現(xiàn)象。說明IBMT訓(xùn)練后,練習(xí)者的視空間工作記憶和聽覺工作記憶信息處理效率和準(zhǔn)確度顯著提高。并且與放松訓(xùn)練相比,IBMT對視空間工作記憶能力的提高更有效果。 2、通過對接受5天IBMT訓(xùn)練前后的靜息態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行相關(guān)性統(tǒng)計分析發(fā)現(xiàn)：訓(xùn)練后,與視空間工作記憶有關(guān)的額頂葉腦區(qū)間功能連通系數(shù)與視空間n-back任務(wù)正確率的相關(guān)性下降,即額頂葉網(wǎng)絡(luò)對視空間工作記憶負(fù)荷的敏感性與訓(xùn)練前相比降低。說明經(jīng)過IBMT訓(xùn)練后,大腦不需要更多的資源整合便可以完成高負(fù)荷視空間工作記憶任務(wù),從而可以提高視空間記憶能力。 本研究結(jié)果表明,個體工作記憶能力可以通過IBMT訓(xùn)練進(jìn)行改善,尤其是視空間工作記憶。IBMT可以提高腦部信息資源整合程度和處理效率,為提高工作記憶能力提供了一種新的方法。
[Abstract]:The whole body and mind training (Integrative Body-Mind Training, IBMT) is a complete psychosomatic training method derived from the traditional Chinese medicine and the whole view of psychosomatic integration. This method can improve the attention of practitioners in a relatively short period of time. Self-control and cognitive behavior. At the same time, it is found that IBMT can change the gray matter and white matter of the brain in a short period of time, and has a plastic effect on the brain. Working memory is the cognitive hub of human beings and plays an important role in the field of cognitive research. It is an energetic memory system that can temporarily store and process information. Cognitive functions, such as cognitive and reasoning abilities, play an important role. The researchers found that some meditation training methods can significantly promote the working memory of practitioners. However, there are no studies on short-term IBMT effects on working memory in the current research field. Based on this, we discuss the effects of IBMT on working memory of practitioners from two aspects: behavioral cognition and neural mechanism. The dual n-back behavioral paradigm and resting functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) were used to analyze and compare the training effects of IBMT and popular relaxation training in the West. The time periods of comparison were 5 days and 7 days, respectively. The changes and changing trends of working memory ability of two different kinds of training practitioners were analyzed and the neural mechanism of the changes was studied. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. The correct rate of visual space n-back and auditory n-back experimental paradigm after 7 days of IBMT training was significantly improved compared with that before training. However, there was no significant increase in the correct rate of n-back task in visual space among the practitioners who took part in relaxation training. After IBMT training, the processing efficiency and accuracy of visual spatial working memory and auditory working memory were improved significantly. Compared with relaxation training, IBMT can improve the working memory ability of visual space more effectively. 2. Through the statistical analysis of the rest data before and after 5-day IBMT training, we found that: after training, The correlation between the functional connectivity coefficient of the frontal and parietal lobe and the accuracy rate of the n-back task in the visual space was decreased, that is, the sensitivity of the frontal-parietal network to the working memory load of the visual space was lower than that before training. It shows that after IBMT training, the brain can accomplish the task of working memory in high load space without more integration of resources, which can improve the ability of visual spatial memory. The results show that the ability of individual working memory can be improved by IBMT training, especially visual spatial working memory. IBMT can improve the degree of integration and processing efficiency of brain information resources. It provides a new method for improving working memory ability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R395

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