【摘要】： 目的了解精神科門(mén)診病人的自殺意念,自殺態(tài)度,應(yīng)對(duì)方式及其相互關(guān)系,探討對(duì)罹患精神疾病的高危人群提供臨床指導(dǎo)。 方法運(yùn)用貝克自殺意念量表(BSS),自殺態(tài)度問(wèn)卷(QSA),簡(jiǎn)易應(yīng)對(duì)方式問(wèn)卷(SCSQ)對(duì)重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬第一醫(yī)院精神科2008.11-2009.1期間門(mén)診,病情允許,無(wú)交流障礙,且愿意參與問(wèn)卷調(diào)查的精神分裂癥,抑郁癥,焦慮障礙患者169人進(jìn)行調(diào)查,其中有效問(wèn)卷為121份。 結(jié)果(1)本研究對(duì)象中,不同性別、不同年齡的自殺態(tài)度及應(yīng)對(duì)方式間的差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=-1.704~1.840,P0.05)。 (2)有41.32%的精神科門(mén)診病人在過(guò)去1周內(nèi)有過(guò)自殺念頭;不同精神疾病患者自殺意念出現(xiàn)率的差別無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)意義(P0.05)。精神分裂癥組與抑郁組中自殺意念出現(xiàn)率有差異(P0.05)。 (3)精神疾病患者自殺態(tài)度的F1、F4維度的均分在2.5～3.5分之間,F2、F3維度小于2.5分;不同精神疾病之間在F1存在顯著差異(P0.01);有無(wú)自殺意念的門(mén)診病人在F1、F4存在不同程度的差異(P0.01,P0.05)。 (4)精神科門(mén)診病人的積極應(yīng)對(duì)得分、消極應(yīng)對(duì)得分明顯低于全國(guó)常模(P0.01);精神分裂癥者的消極應(yīng)對(duì)得分明顯低于全國(guó)常模(P0.01);不同精神疾病的消極應(yīng)對(duì)方式存在差異(P0.05);精神分裂癥與抑郁癥之間的消極應(yīng)對(duì)方式存在差異(P0.05)。 (5)精神科門(mén)診病人的積極應(yīng)對(duì)方式與自殺態(tài)度的F4呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(P0.01)。焦慮障礙者的積極應(yīng)對(duì)與自殺態(tài)度呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(P0.01)。精神分裂癥者的積極應(yīng)對(duì)與自殺態(tài)度呈不同程度的負(fù)相關(guān)(P0.05,0.01)。抑郁癥者的積極應(yīng)對(duì)與自殺態(tài)度呈不同程度的正相關(guān)(P0.05),其消極應(yīng)對(duì)與自殺態(tài)度呈正相關(guān)(P0.05)。 結(jié)論1.不同精神疾病影響自殺行為的態(tài)度。 2.抑郁癥患者比精神分裂癥患者對(duì)自殺行為更有認(rèn)同感,更容易出現(xiàn)自殺意念,更容易采取消極方式應(yīng)對(duì)生活事件。 3.精神病患者對(duì)安樂(lè)死有一定的認(rèn)識(shí)。 4.精神分裂癥患者,焦慮障礙患者少采取消極應(yīng)對(duì)方式。 5.精神分裂癥以及焦慮障礙患者越能理解自殺者,采取積極應(yīng)對(duì)方式越多。 6.抑郁癥患者采取積極應(yīng)對(duì)方式越多,越可能減少自殺行為的發(fā)生。 7.對(duì)門(mén)診精神分裂癥患者主要采用觀察,談話的臨床評(píng)估方式,而對(duì)門(mén)診抑郁癥及焦慮障礙患者可加用簡(jiǎn)單量表,以在有限門(mén)診時(shí)間內(nèi)加深對(duì)病人的了解。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the suicidal ideation, attitude, coping style and their relationship among psychiatric outpatients, and to provide clinical guidance for the high risk population with mental illness. Methods (BSS), suicide attitude questionnaire (SCSQ) was applied to outpatient clinic of the Department of Psychiatry of the first affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from August to January 2008.There was no communication disorder. There were 169 patients with schizophrenia, depression and anxiety disorder who were willing to participate in the questionnaire, among which 121 were valid questionnaires. Results (1) there was no significant difference in suicide attitude and coping style among different genders and ages in this study (t = 1.704 / 1.840P 0.05). (2) 41.32% of psychiatric outpatients had suicidal thoughts in the past week, but there was no significant difference in the incidence of suicidal ideation among patients with different mental diseases (P0.05). The incidence of suicidal ideation in schizophrenia group and depression group was different (P0.05). (3) the mean scores of F1F4 and F2F3 were between 2.5 and 3.5, respectively, and there were significant differences among different mental diseases in F1 (P0.01). There was significant difference in F1F4 between outpatients with or without suicidal ideation (P0.01P 0.05). (4) the score of positive coping in psychiatric outpatients was significantly lower than that of national norm (P0.01), and that of schizophrenics was significantly lower than that of national norm (P0.01). There were differences in negative coping styles between different mental disorders (P0.05) and between schizophrenia and depression (P0.05). (5) the positive coping style of psychiatric outpatients was negatively correlated with F _ 4 of suicidal attitude (P0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between positive coping and suicidal attitude in patients with anxiety disorder (P0.01). There was a negative correlation between positive coping and suicidal attitude in schizophrenic patients (P0. 05, 0. 01). Positive coping was positively correlated with suicidal attitude (P0.05) and negative coping was positively correlated with suicidal attitude (P0.05). Conclusion 1. Different mental disorders affect attitudes toward suicide. 2. Patients with depression are more likely to identify with suicidal behavior, develop suicidal ideation and respond to life events in a negative way than schizophrenics. 3. Mental patients have a certain understanding of euthanasia. 4. Schizophrenic patients, anxiety disorder patients with less negative coping style. 5. The more people with schizophrenia and anxiety disorders understand suicides, the more they adopt positive coping styles. 6. The more people with depression adopt positive coping styles, the less likely they are to commit suicide. 7. In order to deepen the understanding of outpatients with schizophrenia, the clinical evaluation methods of observation and conversation were mainly used, and the patients with depression and anxiety disorder in outpatient department could be treated with simple scale in order to deepen their understanding of the patients in the limited time of outpatient service.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：B846

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 鄧云龍;熊燕;林云芳;;生存理由量表在中國(guó)大學(xué)生群體中的應(yīng)用[J];中國(guó)臨床心理學(xué)雜志;2012年03期

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本文編號(hào)：2411579