本文選題：淡色庫蚊 + 白紋伊蚊��； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2008年博士論文

【摘要】： 蚊蟲與人類生活關(guān)系密切。在世界許多地方,它們的叮咬嚴重困擾著人們,更為重要的是,它們能傳播多種病癥,如瘧疾、絲蟲病,以及眾多的病毒病,如登革熱、日本腦炎和黃熱病等。傳統(tǒng)的蚊蟲控制方法以化學(xué)防治為主,過度依賴化學(xué)殺蚊劑引起了公眾對環(huán)境污染、蚊蟲抗性等問題的擔(dān)憂,同時也促使人們在過去的20年中致力于尋求其他替代性蚊蟲防制方法。 鑒別合適的產(chǎn)卵場所對蚊蟲來說至關(guān)重要,因為這直接關(guān)系到后代的存活。蚊蟲判斷產(chǎn)卵場所的優(yōu)劣主要是依靠相關(guān)的物理和化學(xué)信息。近年來,誘卵器已經(jīng)被廣泛用于蚊蟲的監(jiān)測和控制。本文以我國兩種重要的媒介蚊蟲淡色庫蚊和白紋伊蚊為對象,主要研究了營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)與化學(xué)物質(zhì)兩個因素在室內(nèi)及室外對蚊蟲產(chǎn)卵行為的影響。主要結(jié)果如下: (1)不同類型營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)在室內(nèi)對淡色庫蚊和白紋伊蚊產(chǎn)卵選擇的影響 室內(nèi)測定了糖類、維生素類、蛋白類和氨基酸類營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)對淡色庫蚊和白紋伊蚊產(chǎn)卵選擇的影響。結(jié)果表明,淡色庫蚊懷卵雌蚊偏好在1000 mg/L和100 mg/L濃度的葡萄糖溶液和1000 mg/L濃度的蔗糖溶液中產(chǎn)卵,而白紋伊蚊則對供試的各種糖類沒有明顯的產(chǎn)卵選擇偏好;1000 mg/L和100 mg/L的魚蛋白胨溶液與1000 mg/L濃度的酵母浸膏溶液對淡色庫蚊的產(chǎn)卵引誘作用顯著大于對照自來水,白紋伊蚊則更偏好在10 mg/L濃度的魚蛋白胨溶液中產(chǎn)卵;濃度為100 mg/L的VBl溶液和VC溶液、10 mg/L濃度的VB_1溶液能顯著引誘淡色庫蚊產(chǎn)卵,10 mg/L濃度的VB_1溶液還能顯著引誘白紋伊蚊產(chǎn)卵;在供試的20種基本氨基酸中,苯丙氨酸在設(shè)定的1000 mg/L、100 mg/L和10 mg/L 3個濃度下對淡色庫蚊和白紋伊蚊都具有顯著的產(chǎn)卵引誘活性。 (2)不同類型營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)在室內(nèi)對淡色庫蚊和白紋伊蚊的最佳誘卵濃度及混配后的作用效果 在室內(nèi)測定了分別以自來水和池塘水為介質(zhì)時不同營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的最佳作用濃度。結(jié)果表明,以自來水為介質(zhì)時,100 mg/L的VB_1溶液和魚蛋白胨溶液對淡色庫蚊表現(xiàn)出顯著的產(chǎn)卵引誘作用,而100 mg/L的魚蛋白胨和1 mg/L的苯丙氨酸溶液則能顯著引誘白紋伊蚊產(chǎn)卵。以池塘水為介質(zhì)時,1 000 mg/L濃度的葡萄糖溶液和魚蛋白胨溶液對淡色庫蚊具有顯著的產(chǎn)卵引誘活性。當將這幾種營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)按最佳濃度混配時,對兩種蚊蟲的產(chǎn)卵行為均未有增效現(xiàn)象。 (3)營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)在室內(nèi)與其他誘卵因素聯(lián)合作用時對淡色庫蚊和白紋伊蚊產(chǎn)卵行為的影響 室內(nèi)測定了淡色庫蚊及白紋伊蚊對不同水體、不同顏色及已知誘卵化合物的產(chǎn)卵反應(yīng)。結(jié)果表明,與蒸餾水和自來水相比,淡色庫蚊和白紋伊蚊均偏好在池塘水中產(chǎn)卵;在供試的幾種顏色中,藍色對兩種蚊蟲來說都是偏好的顏色;3-甲基吲哚(糞臭素)對淡色庫蚊具有顯著的產(chǎn)卵引誘活性,而4-甲基苯酚則對白紋伊蚊的產(chǎn)卵弓I誘活性更強。當將營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)與顏色、3-甲基吲哚/4-甲基苯酚、水體等誘卵因素結(jié)合起來時,僅有葡萄糖+4-甲基苯酚+池塘水的組合對淡色庫蚊的產(chǎn)卵引誘活性表現(xiàn)出了增效作用。 (4)不同營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)在野外對蚊蟲的產(chǎn)卵引誘效果 不同營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)在室外對蚊蟲的產(chǎn)卵引誘試驗表明,在自來水為介質(zhì)時,1000 mg/L、100 mg/L和10 mg/L濃度的VB_1溶液在第3 d和第4 d有一定的產(chǎn)卵驅(qū)避作用,以池塘水為介質(zhì)時0.1 mg/L的苯丙氨酸溶液則在第3 d表現(xiàn)出顯著的產(chǎn)卵弓l誘作用,其余各處理均與相應(yīng)的對照無顯著性差異。 (5)淡色庫蚊和白紋伊蚊在室內(nèi)及野外大棚中對不同化合物的產(chǎn)卵反應(yīng) 室內(nèi)試驗表明,在供試的乙酸、丙酸、己酸、庚酸、乙酸乙酯、丁酸乙酯、二甲基二硫醚、L-乳酸。氨水和1-辛烯-3-醇等10種化合物中,0.1 mg/L濃度的乙酸溶液,10 mg/L和0.1 mg/L濃度的乙酸乙酯溶液和10 mg/L濃度的二甲基二硫醚溶液對淡色庫蚊表現(xiàn)出顯著的產(chǎn)卵引誘活性;而0.001 mg/L濃度的乙酸溶液,0.01 mg/L濃度的丙酸溶液和乙酸乙酯溶液,1 mg/L、0.1 mg/L和0.01 mg/L濃度的1-辛烯-3.醇溶液則對白紋伊蚊顯示出顯著的產(chǎn)卵引誘作用。進一步的野外大棚試驗表明,1 mg/L濃度的乙酸乙酯溶液和10 mg/L濃度的1-辛烯-3-醇溶液分別對淡色庫蚊和白紋伊蚊表現(xiàn)出顯著的產(chǎn)卵引誘活性。
[Abstract]:Mosquitoes are closely related to human life. In many parts of the world, their bites are seriously perplexing people and, more importantly, they can spread a variety of diseases, such as malaria, filariasis, and numerous viral diseases, such as dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis and yellow fever. The traditional mosquito control method is mainly controlled by chemical control and is overly dependent on chemical mosquito killing. The public concerns about environmental pollution, mosquito resistance and other issues, and have also contributed to the search for alternative methods of alternative mosquito control over the past 20 years.
Identifying the right place for spawning is crucial to the mosquitoes, because it is directly related to the survival of the offspring. Mosquitoes depend on the related physical and chemical information. In recent years, the egg traps have been widely used for mosquito surveillance and control. This article is based on two important medium mosquitoes, Culex pipiens and white in our country. Aedes albopictus was the object of the study. The effects of two factors, nutrients and chemicals, on indoor and outdoor spawning behavior of mosquitoes were studied.
(1) the effect of different nutrients on indoor spawning selection of Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus
The effects of carbohydrates, vitamins, proteins and amino acids on the oviposition selection of Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus were determined indoors. The results showed that the ovipium pipiens pipiens pallens preferred to spawn in 1000 mg/L and 100 mg/L concentrations of glucose solution and 1000 mg/L concentration of sucrose solution, while albopictus albopictus There was no apparent preference for oviposition selection; 1000 mg/L and 100 mg/L of fish peptone solution and 1000 mg/L concentration of yeast extract were more likely to seduce the oviposition of Culex pipiens pallens than the control tap water, and Aedes albopictus more preferred to spawn in the 10 mg/L concentration of fish peptone solution; the concentration of 100 mg/L VBl solution and VC solution, 10 mg/L. The concentration of VB_1 solution could induce the oviposition of Culex pipiens pallens. The 10 mg/L concentration of VB_1 solution could also induce the oviposition of Aedes albopictus. In the 20 basic amino acids of the test, the PHE had significant spawning activity to the Culex pipiens pipiens pallens and the Aedes albopictus at the set of 1000 mg/L, 100 mg/L and 10 mg/L.
(2) the best oviposition concentration and mixed effect of different nutrients on indoor Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus
The results showed that the 100 mg/L VB_1 solution and fish peptone solution showed a significant spawning effect on Culex pipiens pallens when the tap water was used as medium, while 100 mg/L of fish peptone and 1 mg/L phenylalanine solution could be displayed. The oviposition of Aedes albopictus albopictus was induced. When the pond water was used as the medium, the 1000 mg/L concentration of glucose solution and fish peptone had a significant spawning activity to Culex pipiens pallens. When these nutrients were mixed at the best concentration, the oviposition behavior of the two mosquitoes did not increase.
(3) the effect of nutrients on indoor spawning behavior of Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus in combination with other oviduct factors
The results showed that the Culex pipiens pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus were preferred to spawn in pond water compared with distilled water and tap water, and blue color was a preferred color to two species of mosquitoes in several colors; 3- methyl. Indole (Nobel) has a significant spawning activity to Culex pipiens pallens, while 4- methylphenol has more I activity on the oviposition arch of Aedes albopictus. When combining nutrients with color, 3- methyl indole /4- methylphenol and water body, only glucose +4- methylphenol + pond water can spawn the Culex pipiens pallens The seduction activity showed a synergistic effect.
(4) the effect of different nutrients on the laying of mosquitoes in the wild.
The spawning test of different nutrients outside the mosquitoes showed that 1000 mg/L, 100 mg/L and 10 mg/L concentrations of VB_1 solution had a certain oviposition repellent in third D and fourth d when the tap water was the medium. The 0.1 mg/L phenylalanine solution in the pond water showed a significant spawning bow in third D, and the rest of the others. There was no significant difference between the treatment and the corresponding control.
(5) oviposition responses of Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus to different compounds in indoor and outdoor greenhouses
Laboratory tests showed that in the tested acetic acid, propionic acid, hexanoate, heptanic acid, ethyl acetate, ethyl butyrate, two methyl two thioether, L- lactic acid, ammonia and 1- octene -3- alcohol, 0.1 mg/L concentration of acetic acid, 10 mg/L and 0.1 mg/L concentration of ethyl acetate solution and 10 mg/L concentration of two methyl two thioether solution showed Culex pipiens pipiens pallens Significant eggs lure the activity, while 0.001 mg/L concentration of acetic acid solution, 0.01 mg/L concentration of propionic and ethyl acetate solution, 1 mg/L, 0.1 mg/L and 0.01 mg/L concentration of 1- octyl -3. alcohol solution showed a significant spawning effect on Aedes albopictus. Further field shed test showed that the 1 mg/L concentration of ethyl acetate solution and 10 1- octyl -3- alcohol solution at mg/L concentration showed significant oviposition attraction activity against Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus respectively.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：R384.1

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 鄧天福;劉吉起;莫建初;;蛋白質(zhì)和氨基酸對2種蚊蟲產(chǎn)卵選擇的影響[J];中國媒介生物學(xué)及控制雜志;2012年01期

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本文編號：1897376