本文選題：“裂開型”核酸適體　切入點(diǎn)：單壁碳納米管　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：生物小分子的分析檢測(cè)對(duì)疾病的預(yù)測(cè)和醫(yī)學(xué)的診斷都具有重要的意義,發(fā)展并完善生物小分子的檢測(cè)方法,使其更加快速、靈敏、準(zhǔn)確和方便,是目前研究的熱點(diǎn)之一。核酸適體由于具有易于合成和化學(xué)修飾、特異性好以及親和力強(qiáng)等特點(diǎn),且設(shè)計(jì)靈活,適用于多種信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換方法,為生物小分子的分析檢測(cè)提供了一種新的手段。本論文以生物小分子腺苷為檢測(cè)對(duì)象,利用核酸適體能高特異性以及高親和性識(shí)別小分子的特點(diǎn),結(jié)合單壁碳納米管和納米金顆粒等多種納米材料,通過不同的信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換手段發(fā)展了基于“裂開型”核酸適體的檢測(cè)方法,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)生物小分子的簡(jiǎn)便、快速及靈敏的檢測(cè)。具體如下： (1)基于“裂開型”核酸適體和單壁碳納米管的生物小分子檢測(cè)研究 基于單壁碳納米管-DNA復(fù)合物在高鹽條件下的穩(wěn)定性變化情況,利用單壁碳納米管的類過氧化物酶活性,發(fā)展了一種生物小分子的檢測(cè)方法。該方法無(wú)需標(biāo)記,只需通過目測(cè)比色即可實(shí)現(xiàn)檢測(cè),檢測(cè)下限為44 nM,靈敏度較高,特異性好,拓展了單壁碳納米管-核酸適體體系的應(yīng)用范圍,并有望實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)其他小分子的檢測(cè)。 (2)基于“裂開型”核酸適體和納米金顆粒光散射信號(hào)的生物小分子檢測(cè)研究 基于“裂開型”核酸適體修飾的納米金顆粒與腺苷特異性結(jié)合所引起的尺寸變化,利用納米金顆粒的光散射信號(hào),發(fā)展了一種生物小分子的檢測(cè)方法。該方法僅需一步混合即可實(shí)現(xiàn)檢測(cè),簡(jiǎn)便、快速,檢測(cè)下限為7 nM,靈敏度高,特異性好,有望發(fā)展簡(jiǎn)便、快速及靈敏的識(shí)別生物分子的方法。 (3)基于“裂開型”核酸適體和納米金顆粒增強(qiáng)信號(hào)的表面等離子體共振傳感器對(duì)生物小分子的檢測(cè) 基于“裂開型”核酸適體修飾的納米金顆粒與腺苷特異性結(jié)合后將納米金顆粒捕獲到傳感芯片表面,利用納米金顆粒與金膜的電子耦合效應(yīng)增強(qiáng)表面等離子體共振(SPR)信號(hào),構(gòu)建了直接檢測(cè)生物小分子的高靈敏的SPR傳感器件。該傳感器靈敏度高,檢測(cè)下限可達(dá)到1.5 pM,特異性好,芯片可再生,并且操作簡(jiǎn)便,拓展了表面等離子體共振傳感技術(shù)的應(yīng)用,并有望實(shí)現(xiàn)其他小分子的高靈敏檢測(cè)。
[Abstract]:The analysis and detection of biological small molecules is of great significance to disease prediction and medical diagnosis. The development and improvement of biological small molecule detection methods to make it faster, more sensitive, accurate and convenient, Nucleic acid aptamers have the characteristics of easy synthesis and chemical modification, good specificity and strong affinity, and are flexible in design, and can be used in many signal conversion methods. In this paper, adenosine, a biological small molecule, is used to detect small molecules, which is characterized by high specificity and affinity of nucleic acid. Combined with single-walled carbon nanotubes and gold nanoparticles, the detection method based on "split" aptamer of nucleic acid was developed by different signal conversion methods, which is simple and convenient for biological small molecules. Rapid and sensitive detection. Details are as follows:. Detection of small biomolecules based on "split" aptamers and single-walled carbon nanotubes. Based on the stability changes of single-walled carbon nanotube-DNA complexes under high salt conditions, a new method for the detection of biomolecules was developed using the peroxidase activity of single-walled carbon nanotubes. The detection can be realized only by visual colorimetry, the detection limit is 44 nm, the sensitivity is high, the specificity is good, the application scope of single-walled carbon nanotube-nucleic acid aptamer system is expanded, and the detection of other small molecules is expected to be realized. Detection of small Biological molecules based on "split" Nucleic Acid aptamers and Light scattering signals from Gold nanoparticles. Based on the size change caused by the specific binding of the "split" aptamer modified gold nanoparticles with adenosine, the light scattering signals of the gold nanoparticles were used. A method for the detection of biological small molecules has been developed. The method can be detected with only one step mixing. The method is simple, rapid, and the detection limit is 7 nm, which has the advantages of high sensitivity, good specificity, and is expected to be easy to develop. A rapid and sensitive method for identifying biomolecules. Detection of small biomolecules by Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor based on "split" Nucleic Acid aptamer and Nano-Gold Particle Enhancement signal. Based on the specific binding of the "split" aptamer modified gold nanoparticles to adenosine, the gold nanoparticles were captured on the surface of the sensor chip, and the surface plasmon resonance (SPRR) signal was enhanced by the electron coupling effect between the gold nanoparticles and the gold film. A highly sensitive SPR sensor for direct detection of biological small molecules was constructed. The sensor has high sensitivity, detection limit of 1.5 pm, good specificity, reproducible chip, and simple operation. The application of surface plasmon resonance sensing technology is expanded, and the high sensitivity detection of other small molecules is expected to be realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：R341

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 王青;新型表面等離子體共振DNA傳感技術(shù)的研究[D];湖南大學(xué);2007年

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本文編號(hào)：1644205