本文關(guān)鍵詞： 上矢狀竇 大腦上靜脈 外側(cè)隱窩　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 上矢狀竇是引流大腦半球血液的最主要途徑,不僅引流大腦半球皮質(zhì)特別是中央前、后回等重要功能區(qū),而且也是腦脊液回流的最主要通道。詳細(xì)了解與上矢狀竇密切相關(guān)的各種結(jié)構(gòu)的顯微解剖,包括靜脈屬支到竇腔的回流分布特點(diǎn)、腔內(nèi)結(jié)構(gòu)的形態(tài)和功能、蛛網(wǎng)膜顆粒和外側(cè)隱窩的分布、竇匯區(qū)的分流特點(diǎn),對臨床手術(shù)治療有重要的指導(dǎo)意義。 本研究應(yīng)用10具尸頭標(biāo)本,觀察研究上矢狀竇回流靜脈的數(shù)目、分布特點(diǎn)、注入上矢狀竇的方向;觀察上矢狀竇與其它靜脈竇的吻合方式;觀察上矢狀竇末端、竇匯區(qū)的位置(分流方向);觀察竇腔內(nèi)各種纖維索的形態(tài)分類、分布特點(diǎn)和數(shù)目。觀察竇腔內(nèi)蛛網(wǎng)膜顆粒的形態(tài)、沿上矢狀竇的分布特點(diǎn)。觀察注入外側(cè)隱窩的靜脈開口、穿過外側(cè)隱窩注入上矢狀竇的靜脈和外側(cè)隱窩匯入竇的入口,觀察蛛網(wǎng)膜顆粒的細(xì)微結(jié)構(gòu)。觀測上矢狀竇后段及竇匯區(qū)竇內(nèi)顯微結(jié)構(gòu),了解竇匯區(qū)內(nèi)的分流情況和分流優(yōu)勢。上矢狀竇的靜脈引流、上矢狀竇和其他靜脈間的吻合、管腔內(nèi)部纖維索結(jié)構(gòu)的觀察、竇匯區(qū)的分流特點(diǎn)都具有相應(yīng)的結(jié)構(gòu)功能和意義。 本文經(jīng)研究證實(shí)起自額葉前部的大腦上靜脈在與上矢狀竇匯合處自前向后注入上矢狀竇,與竇內(nèi)血流方向相同;起自額葉中部的大腦上靜脈以近乎直角方向注入上矢狀竇;而起自額葉后部、頂葉和枕葉的大腦上靜脈在與上矢狀竇匯合處以逆行方向自后向前注入上矢狀竇,與竇內(nèi)血流方向相反。上矢狀竇管腔內(nèi)纖維索分為瓣膜狀、小梁狀和板層狀三種類型,以瓣膜狀纖維索最多見。蛛網(wǎng)膜顆粒的邊緣存在縱向走行的線狀結(jié)構(gòu),其末端游離于外側(cè)隱窩或竇腔內(nèi),考慮是腦脊液通道。外側(cè)隱窩多位于上矢狀竇中段的雙側(cè),部分中段大腦上靜脈在外側(cè)隱窩下方(底面)直接注入并開口于外側(cè)隱窩。大部分外側(cè)隱窩其外緣距上矢狀竇正中矢狀線的距離超過2厘米,最大達(dá)到2.6厘米。上矢狀竇后段有縱行板層狀纖維索結(jié)構(gòu),將上矢狀竇后段管腔分為左右兩個(gè)單獨(dú)的血液通道。在竇匯區(qū)偏向右側(cè)的標(biāo)本中,右側(cè)通道管徑比左側(cè)寬,右側(cè)橫竇管徑比左側(cè)寬。竇匯區(qū)位置決定分流優(yōu)勢。
[Abstract]:The superior sagittal sinus is the most important way to drain the hemispheric blood, not only the cerebral cortex, especially the precentral, posterior gyrus, and other important functional areas. The microanatomy of various structures closely related to the superior sagittal sinus, including the distribution characteristics of venous branch to sinus cavity, the morphology and function of the intracavitary structure. The distribution of arachnoid granules and lateral recess and the characteristics of sinus confluence shunt have important guiding significance for clinical surgical treatment. In this study, 10 cadaveric head specimens were used to observe the number and distribution of superior sagittal sinus reflux veins, and the direction of injection into superior sagittal sinus. The anastomosis of superior sagittal sinus and other venous sinus was observed. The end of superior sagittal sinus and the position of sinus confluence (shunt direction) were observed. The morphological classification, distribution and number of various fibrous cords in the sinus cavity were observed. The morphology of arachnoid granules and the distribution along the superior sagittal sinus were observed. The vein openings injected into the lateral recess were observed. The fine structure of arachnoid granules was observed through the vein injected into the superior sagittal sinus and the entrance of the lateral recess into the sinus. The microstructures of the posterior segment of the superior sagittal sinus and the sinus confluence region were observed. To understand the shunt situation and shunt advantage in the sinus confluence region, the venous drainage of the superior sagittal sinus, the anastomosis between the superior sagittal sinus and other veins, and the observation of the structure of the fiberoptic cord in the lumen. The shunt characteristics of sinus confluence area all have the corresponding structure function and significance. The superior cerebral vein from the prefrontal lobe was injected into the superior sagittal sinus from front to back in the confluence with the superior sagittal sinus, and the direction of blood flow was the same as that in the sinus. The superior cerebral vein from the middle of the frontal lobe was injected into the superior sagittal sinus in a near right direction. The superior cerebral veins from the posterior frontal lobe, parietal lobe and occipital lobe were retrogradely injected into the superior sagittal sinus in retrograde direction at the confluence with the superior sagittal sinus. The three types of trabecular-like and lamellar, valvular fibrous cord were most common. The edge of arachnoid granules had a longitudinal linear structure, the end of which was located in the lateral recess or sinus cavity. The lateral recess is located on both sides of the middle part of the superior sagittal sinus. Part of the middle part of the superior cerebral vein was injected directly under the lateral recess (bottom) and opened to the lateral recess. The distance from the outer edge of most lateral recesses to the median sagittal line of the superior sagittal sinus was more than 2 cm. The maximum was 2.6 cm. The posterior segment of the superior sagittal sinus had a lamellar lamellar fibrous cable structure. The posterior segment of the superior sagittal sinus was divided into two separate blood channels. The diameter of the right channel is wider than that of the left, and the diameter of the right transverse sinus is wider than that of the left.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：R322

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本文編號：1491850