【摘要】：本文旨在通過小額信貸理論的應用來分析我國農(nóng)村小額信貸市場的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，重點是對我國現(xiàn)有的四種小額信貸模式進行了比較分析，指出存在的若干共性問題，然后提出相應的對策建議，以促進小額信貸在中國的健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展。本文從經(jīng)濟學結合管理學的研究視角出發(fā)，通過采用局部均衡分析法、對比分析法、靜態(tài)分析與動態(tài)分析相結合等研究方法，基于農(nóng)村小額信貸發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的闡述，從政府、小額信貸運營機構和農(nóng)戶三個角度剖析了當前發(fā)展遇到的共性問題，同時總結了國際上其他發(fā)展中國家在小額信貸發(fā)展方面取得的成功經(jīng)驗。 通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：作為一種新型的農(nóng)村金融工具，小額信貸的確是一種有效的信貸配給方式，尤其是對于發(fā)展中國家來說，小額信貸解決了農(nóng)村部分“貸款難”和“難貸款”等問題，，促進了農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。該模式下能夠保證信貸資金有效到達真正貧困農(nóng)戶手中，且能保證高的還款率。經(jīng)過二十余年的發(fā)展實踐，我國農(nóng)村小額信貸市場已經(jīng)初步形成多種組織機構共同參與、受益群體多樣化、制度設計各有側重的多種模式共存的多元化格局。但由于政府定位不清晰、信用體系不完善、風險控制機制不健全等原因，我國的小額信貸發(fā)展面臨著可持續(xù)發(fā)展的難題。 要解決當前存在的一系列問題，實現(xiàn)政府、小額信貸機構和農(nóng)民三者的“共贏”局面，須借鑒國際上小額信貸發(fā)展取得的寶貴經(jīng)驗，并結合我國具體國情和發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，進而提出切實可行的政策建議。本文經(jīng)研究后提出的具體措施有：建立和完善相關的法律法規(guī)，使小額信貸機構的法律地位明確化、合法化；推進農(nóng)村信用體系建設，來促進良好信用環(huán)境的形成，保護債權人利益；完善信貸機構內(nèi)部管理機制，提高工作效率，以實現(xiàn)機構自身的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current situation of the development of the rural microfinance market in China through the application of microfinance theory, focusing on the comparative analysis of the four existing microfinance models in China, and pointing out some common problems. Then put forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions to promote the healthy and sustainable development of microfinance in China. In this paper, from the perspective of economics and management, through the use of local equilibrium analysis, comparative analysis, static analysis and dynamic analysis of research methods, based on the development of microfinance in rural areas, from the government, This paper analyzes the common problems encountered in the current development from the perspectives of microfinance operators and farmers, and sums up the successful experiences of other developing countries in the development of microfinance in the world. As a new type of rural financial instrument, microcredit is indeed an effective way of credit rationing, especially for developing countries. Microfinance solves the problems of "loan difficulty" and "difficult loan" in rural areas, and promotes the development of rural economy. This model can guarantee the credit funds to reach the real poor farmers effectively, and can guarantee the high repayment rate. After more than 20 years' development practice, the rural micro-credit market in our country has initially formed a pluralistic pattern in which a variety of organizations and institutions participate together, the beneficiary groups are diversified, and the system design has its own emphasis on the coexistence of various modes. However, the development of micro-credit in China is faced with the problem of sustainable development due to the lack of clear government position, imperfect credit system and imperfect risk control mechanism. In order to solve a series of existing problems and realize the win-win situation among the government, microfinance institutions and farmers, we must draw lessons from the valuable experience gained in the development of microfinance in the world, and combine with the specific conditions and development situation of our country. And then put forward practical policy recommendations. The specific measures proposed in this paper are: establishing and perfecting relevant laws and regulations, making the legal status of microfinance institutions clear and legalized, promoting the construction of rural credit system to promote the formation of a good credit environment, To protect the interests of creditors, to perfect the internal management mechanism of credit institutions, to improve the working efficiency, and to realize the sustainable development of the institutions themselves.
【學位授予單位】：河南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F832.43

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