本文關(guān)鍵詞： 晚清 鐵路外債 還本付息 鐵路建設(shè)　出處：《蘇州大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：甲午戰(zhàn)后，清政府為“自強(qiáng)”、“求存”實(shí)施大規(guī)模急造鐵路的政策，陸續(xù)與西方國(guó)家、銀行、和公司簽訂十幾筆鐵路外債，總額高達(dá)白銀3億多兩。外國(guó)債權(quán)人為確保巨額鐵路外債還本付息，通過(guò)合同對(duì)還本付息的期限、方式和保障措施等三方面作出一系列強(qiáng)制規(guī)定和安排，掌握了鐵路直接控制權(quán)、勒索高額報(bào)酬，以及壟斷鐵路收益來(lái)保障資本輸出安全和絕對(duì)收益，因此構(gòu)建起鐵路外債還本付息機(jī)制。晚清鐵路外債還本付息機(jī)制以保障西方債權(quán)人利益為目的，對(duì)中國(guó)實(shí)行殘酷的剝削和掠奪，這種剝削性和掠奪性集中體現(xiàn)于蘆漢鐵路借款模式之上。然而，，隨著近代中國(guó)民族意識(shí)和利權(quán)觀念的加深，在收回利權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)了與蘆漢鐵路借款模式相對(duì)的另一種鐵路借款模式，即津浦鐵路借款模式或“浦口條件”，還本付息機(jī)制隨之發(fā)生一些較大變化。但是從本質(zhì)上看，還本付息機(jī)制與借款模式的變化對(duì)于近代中國(guó)挽回鐵路利權(quán)并不具有實(shí)質(zhì)意義，這種變化根本上仍是建立在西方債權(quán)人控制鐵路的基礎(chǔ)之上。
[Abstract]:After the war of 1894, the Qing government implemented the policy of building railways on a large scale in order to "strengthen itself" and "survive", and successively signed more than a dozen foreign debts for railways with Western countries, banks, and companies. The total amount is more than 300 million dollars. Foreign creditors, in order to ensure that a huge amount of railway foreign debt is repaid, make a series of compulsory provisions and arrangements through contracts on the term, manner and safeguard measures for repayment of principal and interest. Having mastered direct control of the railway, extorting high returns, and monopolizing railway revenues to ensure the safety and absolute return of capital exports, Therefore, the mechanism of railway foreign debt servicing was set up. In the late Qing Dynasty, the mechanism of railway foreign debt service was designed to protect the interests of western creditors, and China was brutally exploited and plundered. This kind of exploitation and predatory nature concentrated on the loan mode of the Luhan railway. However, with the deepening of the national consciousness and the idea of profit and power in modern China, In the process of recovering interest right, another kind of railway borrowing mode, namely the borrowing mode of Jinpu Railway or "Pukou condition", appeared in contrast to the borrowing mode of Luhan Railway, and the mechanism of repayment of principal and interest has changed a lot, but in essence, there have been some great changes in the mechanism of debt service and interest payment. The change of debt service mechanism and borrowing mode is of no essential significance to the restoration of railway interest rights in modern China, which is still based on the control of the railway by western creditors.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K25;F532.9

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