【摘要】： 自我概念是人格結構的核心成分,是個體對自身的看法,在其形成和發(fā)展過程中,很大程度上受到經濟和文化的影響。本研究旨在探討城鄉(xiāng)初中生在不同的經濟和文化背景下自我概念的發(fā)展特點。 本研究分為兩部分,第一部分以自我概念描述問卷為工具,通過對522名初中生的測試,對比研究城鄉(xiāng)初中生的自我概念特點表現。第二部分以二十句子完成,即WAI技法為工具,通過對120名城鄉(xiāng)初中生自我描述的分析,研究城鄉(xiāng)初中生自我概念結構的不同。研究結果表明: 一、自我概念表現特點的差異:(1)城鄉(xiāng)初中生自我概念的發(fā)展特點具有很大差異,城市初中生自我概念整體發(fā)展特點略呈倒U型趨勢。農村初中生的自我概念呈逐年遞增趨勢,這與以往的研究結果有很大不同。(2)在自我概念總分上城市初中生得分高于農村初中生,除誠實度、言語和父母關系外,城市初中生在所有子量表得分上均高于農村,說明城市初中生的自我概念發(fā)展情況要好于農村初中生。(3)城鄉(xiāng)男生在學校自我和學業(yè)自我上存在顯著差異,城鄉(xiāng)女生自我概念存在顯著差異且各有優(yōu)劣。(4)農村初中生的男女生之間自我概念特點差異顯著,且女生總分高于男生,而城市男女生之間自我概念差異不顯著。 二、自我概念結構上城鄉(xiāng)初中生的差異表現在:(1)城鄉(xiāng)初中生的自我概念結構有很大差異,且在自我認識、自我控制、現實自我、理想自我和投射自我上達到了顯著差異。(2)城市男女生的自我概念在社會自我和心理自我反應頻數上存在顯著差異,城市男生的心理自我高于女生,而社會自我低于女生,表明城市男生多關注個人能力特征,而女生多從社會聯系的角度認識自己。(3)農村男女生的自我概念結構在自我體驗上存在顯著差異,表明農村女孩的教育方式不同于男孩,女孩的人際交往和社會經歷欠缺。(4)城市初中生更加關注自身的發(fā)展,且學習壓力較大,農村初中生更加注重物質的獲得及人際關系的改善,渴望改變自身的處境,在考慮人際關系時多數人希望加強交流。(5)城市初中生在自我概念結構上自我認識得分高于農村,但在自我控制上得分低于農村初中生。
[Abstract]:Self-concept is the core component of personality structure, and it is the individual's view of oneself. In the process of its formation and development, it is greatly influenced by economy and culture. The purpose of this study is to explore the development characteristics of self-concept of junior high school students in urban and rural areas under different economic and cultural backgrounds. This study is divided into two parts. The first part uses self-concept description questionnaire as a tool to compare the characteristics of self-concept between urban and rural junior high school students through the test of 522 junior high school students. In the second part, using 20 sentences, that is, WAI techniques, to analyze the self-description of 120 junior middle school students in urban and rural areas, the difference of self-concept structure between urban and rural junior high school students is studied. The results show that: (1) there are great differences in the development characteristics of self-concept in urban and rural junior high school students, and the overall development characteristics of self-concept of urban junior high school students have a slightly inverted U-shaped trend. The self-concept of rural junior high school students is increasing year by year, which is very different from previous research results. (2) the score of urban junior high school students is higher than that of rural junior high school students in the total score of self-concept, except honesty, speech and parental relationship. The scores of urban junior middle school students in all sub-scales were higher than those in rural areas, indicating that the development of self-concept of urban junior high school students was better than that of rural junior high school students. (3) there were significant differences between urban and rural boys in school self and academic self. There are significant differences in self-concept between urban and rural girls. (4) there are significant differences in the characteristics of self-concept between male and female students in rural junior high school students, and the total score of female students is higher than that of male students, but there is no significant difference in self-concept between male and female students in urban areas. Secondly, the differences in the structure of self-concept between urban and rural junior high school students are as follows: (1) there are great differences in self-concept structure between urban and rural junior high school students, and in self-awareness, self-control, realistic self; There were significant differences between ideal self and projective self. (2) there were significant differences in social self and psychological self-reaction frequency of urban male and female students. The psychological self of urban boys was higher than that of female students, but the social self was lower than that of female students. The results show that urban boys pay more attention to the characteristics of individual ability, while girls know themselves from the angle of social connection. (3) there are significant differences in self-concept structure of rural male and female students in self-experience, which indicates that rural girls are different from boys in the way of education. Girls' interpersonal communication and lack of social experience. (4) urban junior high school students pay more attention to their own development, and the pressure of learning, rural junior high school students pay more attention to material access and the improvement of interpersonal relations, eager to change their own situation, When considering interpersonal relationship, most people want to strengthen communication. (5) the score of self-concept structure of urban junior high school students is higher than that of rural students, but the score of self-control is lower than that of rural junior high school students.
【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：B844.2

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前2條

1 祁佳;城鄉(xiāng)3-5年級小學生美術作品審美偏好特點及影響因素[D];河南大學;2011年

2 陳霞;初中生家庭功能與學校適應——自我概念的中介作用[D];陜西師范大學;2011年

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本文編號：2201106