2004~2008年全國(guó)學(xué)生肺結(jié)核報(bào)告發(fā)病特征分析
本文選題:結(jié)核病防治 切入點(diǎn):肺 出處:《中國(guó)健康教育》2009年11期 論文類型:期刊論文
【摘要】:目的分析全國(guó)學(xué)生肺結(jié)核報(bào)告發(fā)病特征,提高對(duì)學(xué)校結(jié)核病防治工作的認(rèn)識(shí)、為制定全國(guó)學(xué)校結(jié)核病防治對(duì)策提供依據(jù)。方法利用2005~2008年全國(guó)傳染病網(wǎng)絡(luò)直報(bào)系統(tǒng)肺結(jié)核報(bào)告發(fā)病資料,統(tǒng)計(jì)分析學(xué)生肺結(jié)核報(bào)告發(fā)病率及其變化趨勢(shì);學(xué)生肺結(jié)核報(bào)告發(fā)病時(shí)空分布。結(jié)果2005年,全國(guó)學(xué)生肺結(jié)核報(bào)告發(fā)病率為5.86/10萬,2008年為4.96/10萬,下降了15.4%,涂陽肺結(jié)核報(bào)告發(fā)病率分別為1.91/10萬和1.31/10萬,下降了31.4%;學(xué)生肺結(jié)核報(bào)告發(fā)病數(shù)和涂陽肺結(jié)核報(bào)告發(fā)病數(shù)占全人口肺結(jié)核報(bào)告發(fā)病數(shù)和涂陽肺結(jié)核報(bào)告發(fā)病數(shù)的比例逐年下降;2005~2006年,學(xué)生肺結(jié)核報(bào)告發(fā)病數(shù)位于各類職業(yè)的第三位,2007~2008年位于第四位;各年度學(xué)生肺結(jié)核報(bào)告發(fā)患者數(shù)時(shí)空分布,4月份最高,其次為5月份和3月份,12月份最低;學(xué)生各年齡組發(fā)病數(shù)構(gòu)成比,15歲~組最高,平均為54.4%,其次為20歲~組為25.9%;各省學(xué)生肺結(jié)核報(bào)告發(fā)患者數(shù)和報(bào)告發(fā)病率懸殊。結(jié)論全國(guó)學(xué)生肺結(jié)核病例報(bào)告發(fā)病率呈緩慢下降趨勢(shì),各年齡組發(fā)病數(shù)中,15歲~組最多,全年4月份報(bào)告發(fā)病數(shù)明顯增多。應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對(duì)學(xué)校結(jié)核病防治工作的認(rèn)識(shí),加強(qiáng)對(duì)高中和大學(xué)入學(xué)新生的結(jié)核病檢查,早期發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)校結(jié)核病患者并早期開展學(xué)校肺結(jié)核患者密切接觸者調(diào)查,防止結(jié)核病在學(xué)校的蔓延。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the characteristics of tuberculosis report in students in China, and to improve the understanding of tuberculosis prevention and control in schools. Methods from 2005 to 2008, the incidence rate of tuberculosis report and its changing trend were statistically analyzed by using the data of national network direct report of infectious diseases in China to provide the basis for formulating national tuberculosis prevention and control measures in schools. Results in 2005, the reported incidence rate of student tuberculosis was 58.6% / 100 000, and in 2008 it was 49.6% / 100 000, a decrease of 15.4%. The reported incidence rate of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis was 19.1% 100 thousand and 13.1% 100 000, respectively. The reported incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis among students and smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in the whole population and smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis decreased year by year from 2005 to 2006. The number of reported cases of pulmonary tuberculosis among students was in the third place of all kinds of occupation from 2007 to 2008 in 4th, the time and space distribution of the number of reported cases was the highest in April, followed by the lowest in May and March and December. The incidence of disease was the highest in 15 years old group. The average rate was 54.4, followed by 25.9in the group of 20 years old. There were significant differences in the number of reported cases and the reported incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis among the students in each province. Conclusion the incidence of reported cases of pulmonary tuberculosis among students in China shows a slow downward trend, and the number of reported cases in each age group is the highest in the group of 15 years old. In April, the number of reported cases increased significantly. We should strengthen our understanding of the work of preventing and controlling tuberculosis in schools, and strengthen the examination of tuberculosis among the freshmen enrolled in high schools and universities. Early detection of school TB patients and early close contact investigation of school TB patients to prevent the spread of tuberculosis in schools.
【作者單位】: 中國(guó)疾病預(yù)防控制中心結(jié)核病預(yù)防控制中心;衛(wèi)生部疾病控制局;
【分類號(hào)】:G478;R181.3
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