考為教師：N市教師招聘政策的案例研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-14 17:35
【摘要】：政策偏好是政策主體因其利益訴求而對某種政策選擇效用的預(yù)期。在教師招聘政策過程中,作為政策主體的教育部門對報考者在資格限制與選拔方式方面有其偏好,同樣作為政策主體的報考者亦有其擇業(yè)與應(yīng)試的偏好。教師招聘政策的結(jié)果是教育部門的偏好與報考者的偏好共同作用而產(chǎn)生的�？傮w而言,教師招聘數(shù)量既存在學(xué)科的不同,又存在城鄉(xiāng)之間的差別,這些差別源自教師招聘政策設(shè)計、教育資源調(diào)整、學(xué)科調(diào)整、高考模式等因素的影響。因招聘主體要求的不同,N市教師招聘的結(jié)果呈現(xiàn)出分層的特點,同時地域間教師整體素養(yǎng)存在不均衡的特點。具體而言,N市教師招聘主要存在四類偏好。首先,N市教育部門具有資格限制與選拔路徑方面的偏好。就資格限制而言,考慮到地方利益、編制政策等因素,N市教師招聘的主要政策對象為師范類本科生群體、有專業(yè)背景的碩士生群體;就選拔路徑而言,因考試對報考者具有界定與區(qū)分功能,N市采取先筆試后面試的考試程序,筆試體現(xiàn)了在知識與技能要求、地方文化、職業(yè)生涯方面對報考者要求,面試主要考查報考者的授課能力,其形式主要有校招和區(qū)招兩類,一些優(yōu)質(zhì)學(xué)校在面試中有更多的自主權(quán)。其次,報考者具有一定的擇業(yè)與應(yīng)試偏好。就擇業(yè)偏好而言,選擇教師職業(yè)是報考者以其對職業(yè)回報的判斷為基礎(chǔ)的,他們在擇業(yè)時比較看重編制,會考慮就業(yè)壓力,并且熱衷于名校、城區(qū)、近郊地區(qū)。N市本地戶籍者、女性群體、師范院校畢業(yè)生群體更傾向于當(dāng)教師,教師群體以本科學(xué)歷者居多;就路徑而言,報考者有其應(yīng)試偏好,他們努力使自己符合教師招聘考試的內(nèi)在要求,相對于男性報考者,女性報考者在教師招考中更有優(yōu)勢。這些偏好具有“非教育因素”與“教育因素”兩方面的特征。在“非教育因素”的影響下,教師是行政管理之下的一種職業(yè)選擇,就“教育因素”而言,教師招聘有著知識崇拜的情結(jié),因為教師選拔內(nèi)涵著應(yīng)試教育的要求,同時成為教師的過程也是一種應(yīng)試的過程。在教師招聘中,誰應(yīng)該成為教師招聘的組織主體、編制管理是否合理、考試能否選拔出優(yōu)秀教師以及資格限制是否阻礙公共利益的實現(xiàn)等問題均存在進一步改革的要求。改革教師編制管理方式、實現(xiàn)教師身份多元化、規(guī)范公共權(quán)力的活動空間是改進教師招聘的有效方式。
[Abstract]:The policy preference is the expectation of the policy subject's effect on a certain policy for its benefit. In that course of the teacher's recruitment policy, the education department, which is the subject of policy, has its preference in terms of qualification and selection. The result of the teacher's recruitment policy is that the preference of the education department is combined with the preference of the reporter. In general, the number of teachers' recruitment is different from the subject, and there are differences between the urban and rural areas, which are derived from the factors such as the design of the teacher's recruitment policy, the adjustment of the educational resources, the adjustment of the subject and the mode of the college entrance examination. Due to the different requirements of the recruitment subject, the results of the recruitment of the teachers in the N city show the characteristics of the stratification, and the overall quality of the teachers in the region is not balanced. In particular, there are four types of preference for the recruitment of teachers in the city of N. First, the N city education department has the preference of the qualification limit and the selection route. In terms of the qualification limit, the main policy object of the recruitment of the teachers in the city of N is the group of the normal undergraduate and the master's master group with the professional background, taking into account the factors such as the local interest and the preparation of the policy. The paper discusses the examination procedure of the interview after the first written examination in the city of N. The written examination reflects the requirements of the examiner in the requirements of knowledge and skill, the local culture and the professional career. The interview mainly examines the teaching ability of the reporter, and the form of the examination mainly includes two kinds of enrollment in the school and the district. Some high-quality schools have more autonomy in the interview. Second, the reporter has a certain career choice and the test preference. In terms of the preference of career choice, the choice of the teacher's profession is based on the judgment of the reward of the profession, which is based on the judgment of the return of the profession. in that case of the local household register of the city, the group of female and the group of the graduates of the normal college are more inclined to be the teacher and the group of teachers in the majority of the bachelor's degree; in the case of the path, the applicants have their test preference, and they try to adapt themselves to the internal requirements of the teacher's recruitment examination, and to the male reporter, The female applicants have more advantages in the examination of the teacher. These preferences have the characteristics of both "non-educational factors" and "educational factors". Under the influence of the "non-educational factors", the teacher is a kind of professional choice under the administration management. As far as the "educational factors" is concerned, the teacher recruitment has the complex of knowledge worship, because the selection of the teacher is the requirement of the test education, and the process of becoming a teacher is also a test process. In the recruitment of teachers, who should be the subject of the organization of the recruitment of the teacher, whether the preparation of the management is reasonable, whether the test can select the outstanding teachers and the realization of the qualification to restrict the realization of the public interest is the requirement of further reform. The effective way to improve the teacher's recruitment is to reform the management mode of the teacher, to realize the diversity of the teacher's identity and to regulate the activity space of the public power.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G525.1
本文編號：2440205
[Abstract]:The policy preference is the expectation of the policy subject's effect on a certain policy for its benefit. In that course of the teacher's recruitment policy, the education department, which is the subject of policy, has its preference in terms of qualification and selection. The result of the teacher's recruitment policy is that the preference of the education department is combined with the preference of the reporter. In general, the number of teachers' recruitment is different from the subject, and there are differences between the urban and rural areas, which are derived from the factors such as the design of the teacher's recruitment policy, the adjustment of the educational resources, the adjustment of the subject and the mode of the college entrance examination. Due to the different requirements of the recruitment subject, the results of the recruitment of the teachers in the N city show the characteristics of the stratification, and the overall quality of the teachers in the region is not balanced. In particular, there are four types of preference for the recruitment of teachers in the city of N. First, the N city education department has the preference of the qualification limit and the selection route. In terms of the qualification limit, the main policy object of the recruitment of the teachers in the city of N is the group of the normal undergraduate and the master's master group with the professional background, taking into account the factors such as the local interest and the preparation of the policy. The paper discusses the examination procedure of the interview after the first written examination in the city of N. The written examination reflects the requirements of the examiner in the requirements of knowledge and skill, the local culture and the professional career. The interview mainly examines the teaching ability of the reporter, and the form of the examination mainly includes two kinds of enrollment in the school and the district. Some high-quality schools have more autonomy in the interview. Second, the reporter has a certain career choice and the test preference. In terms of the preference of career choice, the choice of the teacher's profession is based on the judgment of the reward of the profession, which is based on the judgment of the return of the profession. in that case of the local household register of the city, the group of female and the group of the graduates of the normal college are more inclined to be the teacher and the group of teachers in the majority of the bachelor's degree; in the case of the path, the applicants have their test preference, and they try to adapt themselves to the internal requirements of the teacher's recruitment examination, and to the male reporter, The female applicants have more advantages in the examination of the teacher. These preferences have the characteristics of both "non-educational factors" and "educational factors". Under the influence of the "non-educational factors", the teacher is a kind of professional choice under the administration management. As far as the "educational factors" is concerned, the teacher recruitment has the complex of knowledge worship, because the selection of the teacher is the requirement of the test education, and the process of becoming a teacher is also a test process. In the recruitment of teachers, who should be the subject of the organization of the recruitment of the teacher, whether the preparation of the management is reasonable, whether the test can select the outstanding teachers and the realization of the qualification to restrict the realization of the public interest is the requirement of further reform. The effective way to improve the teacher's recruitment is to reform the management mode of the teacher, to realize the diversity of the teacher's identity and to regulate the activity space of the public power.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G525.1
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