研究生網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為動機量表的編制及相關(guān)研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-24 08:31
【摘要】：當(dāng)今社會是信息技術(shù)高速發(fā)展的社會,在當(dāng)下的信息時代中,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)作為企業(yè)和組織中的一個極其重要的平臺和工具,可以極大地提高員工的工作效率(Lim,2002)。但同時也是因為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)所帶來的便捷性與豐富性,會使得一些員工在工作的時候使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)來做一些與工作無關(guān)的事情(BlanchardHenle,2008)。研究者們將這種在企業(yè)的工作時間內(nèi)員工自愿使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)來從事與工作無關(guān)活動的現(xiàn)象稱之為網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為(cyberloafing),(Lim,2002)。網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代中,企業(yè)和組織生活中常見的一種現(xiàn)象,有調(diào)查表明,員工在每天的日常工作中至少會花費一個小時來從事與非工作相關(guān)的活動,其中大部分的時間都在上網(wǎng)(Salary.com.,2009)。對網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為的研究最早是出現(xiàn)在組織管理學(xué)中的,但由于網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散的行為不僅會給企業(yè)和組織帶來影響,同時也對個體的心理健康造成影響,因此也有越來越多的心理學(xué)研究者開始關(guān)注這個問題。以往網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為的研究對象大部分是針對企業(yè)而進行的,很少有人研究學(xué)校中的網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為,但隨著學(xué)�；ヂ�(lián)網(wǎng)的普遍使用,越來越多的研究者開始關(guān)注學(xué)校中的網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為。針對學(xué)校網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為的多數(shù)研究都是以大學(xué)生為對象進行的,很少有人關(guān)注研究生群體的網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為。但相比大學(xué)生而言,研究生在校期間的主要活動就是學(xué)術(shù)和科學(xué)的研究活動,而現(xiàn)在任何一項科研活動的開展和進行都離不開互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的幫助,那研究生在使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)完成科研的過程中出現(xiàn)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為應(yīng)該成為一個值得關(guān)注和研究的問題。且以往針對網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為的測量和研究主要集中在網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為發(fā)生時的主要活動上,對網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為的動機的測量和研究較少,而了解到網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為的動機可以幫助組織和個人更加有效地管理自己的行為。因此本研究主要是針對研究生網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為動機進行研究,編制有關(guān)研究生網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為動機量表,同時對當(dāng)前的研究生網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為及動機的現(xiàn)狀進行分析,并在此基礎(chǔ)上探討網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為與心理健康之間的關(guān)系。通過梳理以往有關(guān)網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為及動機的相關(guān)文獻,本研究提出了研究生網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為和網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為動機的操作性定義,即研究生網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為是指研究生個體本該在使用計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)來完成學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)(如閱讀文獻、撰寫文章/報告、完成老師布置作業(yè)等)時,卻使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)來進行與學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)無關(guān)的活動或行為。研究生網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為動機是驅(qū)使研究生個體進行網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為的心理動力。本研究在參考國內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻和相關(guān)量表的基礎(chǔ)上,通過對75份開放式問卷調(diào)查結(jié)果的分析編制了包含46個題項的初測問卷,在重慶市西南大學(xué)發(fā)放250份問卷,回收有效問卷222份,采用SPSS16.0軟件對數(shù)據(jù)進行項目分析和探索性因素分析,形成了包含17個題項的正式問卷。在重慶、安徽等地共發(fā)放正式問卷900份,回收有效問卷800份,采用SPSS16.0,AMOS21.0對數(shù)據(jù)進行信效度檢驗,信度檢驗包含了內(nèi)部一致性信度和重測信度的分析,效度檢驗包含了內(nèi)容效度、結(jié)構(gòu)效度和效標(biāo)效度的分析。本研究探討了研究生網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為動機在人口學(xué)變量上的差異(性別、年即、家庭所在地、獨生與否和專業(yè)),還同時探討了網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為動機在外控性特質(zhì)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)成癮之間的中介作用。本研究的結(jié)果表明:(1)自編的研究生網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為動機量表由17個條目組成,包含發(fā)展愛好、社會交往、任務(wù)回避、身心調(diào)節(jié)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)誘惑5個維度。(2)自編的研究生網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為動機量表具有良好的信效度、可以作為測量研究生網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為動機的工具。(3)男性和女性研究生在網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為的時間上并沒有表現(xiàn)出明顯的差異,但是男性和女性研究生在進行網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為時所采取的具體活動有所不同,男研究生網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散時的主要活動是打游戲和看新聞,女研究生網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散時的主要活動是網(wǎng)上購物和社交聊天。(4)女研究生在社會交往與網(wǎng)絡(luò)誘惑這兩個動機維度上的得分顯著高于男研究生;獨生子女在發(fā)展愛好和身心調(diào)節(jié)這兩個動機水平上的得分顯著高于非獨生子女;家庭所在地位于城鎮(zhèn)的學(xué)生在發(fā)展愛好這個動機水平上的得分顯著高于家庭位于農(nóng)村的學(xué)生;不同年級之間在研究生網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為的動機水平上并沒有表現(xiàn)出明顯的差異。(5)研究生網(wǎng)絡(luò)閑散行為動機中的任務(wù)回避、身心調(diào)節(jié)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)誘惑動機在外控性特質(zhì)與網(wǎng)絡(luò)成癮傾向之間起到了部分中介作用。
[Abstract]:Today's society is a society with rapid development of information technology. In the current information age, the Internet, as an extremely important platform and tool for enterprises and organizations, can greatly improve the efficiency of employees (Lim, 2002). But at the same time, because of the convenience and richness brought by the Internet, it will make some employees at work. Researchers call cyberloafing (Lim, 2002). Cyberloafing (cyberloafing) is a phenomenon in which employees volunteer to use the Internet to engage in work-free activities during their working hours. A common phenomenon in organizational life is that employees spend at least one hour in their daily work to engage in non-work-related activities, most of which are online (Salary.com., 2009). Behavior will not only affect enterprises and organizations, but also affect the mental health of individuals, so more and more psychological researchers have begun to pay attention to this problem. With the widespread use of the Internet in schools, more and more researchers have begun to pay attention to the network idleness behavior in schools. Most of the studies on the network idleness behavior in schools are conducted on College students. Few people pay attention to the network idleness behavior of graduate students. Academic and scientific research activities, and now any scientific research activities can not be carried out without the help of the Internet, then graduate students in the use of the Internet to complete scientific research in the process of network idle behavior should become a concern and research issues. We should concentrate on the main activities when the network idle behavior occurs. There are few measurements and researches on the motivation of network idle behavior. Understanding the motivation of network idle behavior can help organizations and individuals to manage their behavior more effectively. On the basis of the analysis of the current situation of postgraduate's Internet idle behavior and motivation, this paper explores the relationship between Internet idle behavior and mental health. Operational definitions of idle behavior and motivation for idle behavior on the Internet refer to the use of the Internet by graduate students to perform activities or behaviors unrelated to their learning tasks, such as reading literature, writing articles/reports, and assigning assignments to teachers. The motivation of Internet idleness is the psychological motivation that drives graduate students to engage in Internet idleness. Based on the relevant literatures and scales at home and abroad, this study compiled a preliminary questionnaire with 46 items by analyzing the results of 75 open-ended questionnaires. 250 questionnaires were distributed in Southwest University of Chongqing and were collected. A total of 222 valid questionnaires were sent out in Chongqing, Anhui and other places, and 800 valid questionnaires were collected. The reliability and validity of the data were tested by SPSS16.0 and AMOS21.0. The reliability test included internal consistency. The validity test included content validity, structure validity and criterion validity. This study explored the demographic variables (gender, year, family location, only child or not, and major) of Internet idleness motivation among postgraduates, as well as the characteristics of external control and validity of Internet idleness motivation. The results of this study show that: (1) The self-designed graduate student's Internet idle behavior motivation scale consists of 17 items, including five dimensions: hobby development, social interaction, task avoidance, physical and mental adjustment and network temptation. (2) The self-designed graduate student's Internet idle behavior motivation scale has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a tool for graduate students. (3) Male and female students did not show significant differences in the time of Internet idle behavior, but male and female students took different specific activities in Internet idle behavior. The main activity of male graduate students in Internet idle behavior was playing games. And watching news, the main activities of female graduate students are online shopping and social chat. The scores of students in urban areas were significantly higher than those in rural areas, and there was no significant difference between different grades in the motivation level of postgraduates'Internet idle behavior. (5) Task avoidance, physical and mental adjustment and Internet temptation in the motivation of postgraduates' Internet idle behavior. Motivation plays a partial mediating role between external control trait and Internet addiction tendency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B844.2
本文編號：2200218
[Abstract]:Today's society is a society with rapid development of information technology. In the current information age, the Internet, as an extremely important platform and tool for enterprises and organizations, can greatly improve the efficiency of employees (Lim, 2002). But at the same time, because of the convenience and richness brought by the Internet, it will make some employees at work. Researchers call cyberloafing (Lim, 2002). Cyberloafing (cyberloafing) is a phenomenon in which employees volunteer to use the Internet to engage in work-free activities during their working hours. A common phenomenon in organizational life is that employees spend at least one hour in their daily work to engage in non-work-related activities, most of which are online (Salary.com., 2009). Behavior will not only affect enterprises and organizations, but also affect the mental health of individuals, so more and more psychological researchers have begun to pay attention to this problem. With the widespread use of the Internet in schools, more and more researchers have begun to pay attention to the network idleness behavior in schools. Most of the studies on the network idleness behavior in schools are conducted on College students. Few people pay attention to the network idleness behavior of graduate students. Academic and scientific research activities, and now any scientific research activities can not be carried out without the help of the Internet, then graduate students in the use of the Internet to complete scientific research in the process of network idle behavior should become a concern and research issues. We should concentrate on the main activities when the network idle behavior occurs. There are few measurements and researches on the motivation of network idle behavior. Understanding the motivation of network idle behavior can help organizations and individuals to manage their behavior more effectively. On the basis of the analysis of the current situation of postgraduate's Internet idle behavior and motivation, this paper explores the relationship between Internet idle behavior and mental health. Operational definitions of idle behavior and motivation for idle behavior on the Internet refer to the use of the Internet by graduate students to perform activities or behaviors unrelated to their learning tasks, such as reading literature, writing articles/reports, and assigning assignments to teachers. The motivation of Internet idleness is the psychological motivation that drives graduate students to engage in Internet idleness. Based on the relevant literatures and scales at home and abroad, this study compiled a preliminary questionnaire with 46 items by analyzing the results of 75 open-ended questionnaires. 250 questionnaires were distributed in Southwest University of Chongqing and were collected. A total of 222 valid questionnaires were sent out in Chongqing, Anhui and other places, and 800 valid questionnaires were collected. The reliability and validity of the data were tested by SPSS16.0 and AMOS21.0. The reliability test included internal consistency. The validity test included content validity, structure validity and criterion validity. This study explored the demographic variables (gender, year, family location, only child or not, and major) of Internet idleness motivation among postgraduates, as well as the characteristics of external control and validity of Internet idleness motivation. The results of this study show that: (1) The self-designed graduate student's Internet idle behavior motivation scale consists of 17 items, including five dimensions: hobby development, social interaction, task avoidance, physical and mental adjustment and network temptation. (2) The self-designed graduate student's Internet idle behavior motivation scale has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a tool for graduate students. (3) Male and female students did not show significant differences in the time of Internet idle behavior, but male and female students took different specific activities in Internet idle behavior. The main activity of male graduate students in Internet idle behavior was playing games. And watching news, the main activities of female graduate students are online shopping and social chat. The scores of students in urban areas were significantly higher than those in rural areas, and there was no significant difference between different grades in the motivation level of postgraduates'Internet idle behavior. (5) Task avoidance, physical and mental adjustment and Internet temptation in the motivation of postgraduates' Internet idle behavior. Motivation plays a partial mediating role between external control trait and Internet addiction tendency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B844.2
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