本文選題：走班制　切入點：回溯算法　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：邁步于21世紀(jì)信息化時代,教育事業(yè)正在不斷地進(jìn)步與發(fā)展,教育信息化目前是時代的潮流。因此,將信息技術(shù)運用于教育領(lǐng)域解決教學(xué)問題,是當(dāng)前信息時代教育發(fā)展的必然趨勢。學(xué)校繁瑣的課程合理分配對于教務(wù)人員而言是一個難題。如何利用信息技術(shù),實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)自動排課以及允許學(xué)生選擇符合自己發(fā)展要求的課表值得深入探究和探索。這也是論文研究的目的和意義。在目前的排課算法研究中,比較通用的算法有回溯算法、貪心算法和遺傳算法等,為了增強課表的通用性,滿足教務(wù)人員的排課需求,選擇一個好的排課算法是至關(guān)重要的,適合的算法在思路上清晰,利用效率高,可以提高排課的效率,減輕教務(wù)人員的壓力等。因此,筆者根據(jù)需求采用回溯算法作為排課的核心算法。研究中涉及的排課問題,整體來說是一個NP問題(多項式復(fù)雜程度的非確定性問題,可以在多項式時間內(nèi)求解)。筆者研究的排課部分包括自動排課和人工調(diào)課兩部分。有時候排出的課表不符合教學(xué)需求,這個時候需要人為進(jìn)行調(diào)課。在以往的排課中,調(diào)課都是重新選擇或輸入課程,但是為了實現(xiàn)友好性交互,采用鼠標(biāo)進(jìn)行拖動課程名來直接調(diào)課,讓人機互動上顯得更有親和力。筆者設(shè)計的系統(tǒng)平臺是基于走班制教學(xué)模式下,具有“因材施教”理念下的分層教學(xué),根據(jù)學(xué)生每學(xué)期的成績和平時表現(xiàn)作為參考條件,自主地選擇分層班級、分類班級和固定的行政班上課。根據(jù)學(xué)生自身的興趣和能力選擇上課的班級和課程,打破傳統(tǒng)的“教師選、學(xué)生修”的分層方法。論文主要工作:(1)基于走班制排課和選課算法的分析和設(shè)計。主要是從排課問題分析和排課算法的設(shè)計兩個方面闡述。通過模擬的數(shù)據(jù)作為測試,進(jìn)行一個仿真實驗,驗證算法的有效性。(2)走班制排課系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計。根據(jù)功能需求,設(shè)計系統(tǒng)各個模塊,實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)的整體功能。(3)走班制排課系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)與應(yīng)用。系統(tǒng)開發(fā)環(huán)境的配置、系統(tǒng)主要功能模塊的實現(xiàn)和系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用。與同類研究相比,本文的特色之處在于:以基于走班制教學(xué)模式的咸寧外國語學(xué)校為例,根據(jù)該學(xué)校教學(xué)實際情況,實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)自動排課和人工拖動調(diào)課;在滿足學(xué)生的個性化需求上,學(xué)生在課程的選擇上可以選擇不同的分層班、分類班和固定的行政班,更貼切學(xué)校教學(xué)實際情況。平臺采用B/S開發(fā)模式,用戶可以通過多終端訪問使用。
[Abstract]:In 21th century, in the era of information technology, education is constantly progressing and developing. Education informatization is the trend of the times. Therefore, the application of information technology in the field of education is used to solve the teaching problems. It is an inevitable trend of educational development in the information age. The rational allocation of school curriculum is a difficult problem for educational staff. How to use information technology, It is also the purpose and significance of this paper to realize the automatic course arrangement and to allow students to choose a schedule that meets their own development requirements. In the current research on the course scheduling algorithm, the more common algorithms are backtracking algorithm, which is also the purpose and significance of this paper. Greedy algorithm and genetic algorithm, etc., in order to enhance the universality of curriculum schedule and meet the needs of educational staff, it is very important to choose a good scheduling algorithm. Therefore, the author adopts backtracking algorithm as the core algorithm according to the demand. On the whole, it is a NP problem (a nondeterministic problem with polynomial complexity, We can solve the problem in polynomial time. The course scheduling part studied by the author includes two parts: automatic arrangement and manual transfer. Sometimes the schedule is not in line with the teaching needs, and at this time it is necessary to change courses artificially. In order to achieve friendly interaction, you use the mouse to drag the course name to transfer the course directly. The system platform designed by the author is based on the teaching mode of walking class, with the idea of "teaching according to students' aptitude", which is based on the results of each semester and the performance of students in peacetime as a reference condition. Choose classes, classes and administrative classes. Choose classes and courses according to students' own interests and abilities, break the traditional "teacher selection," The main work of this paper is to analyze and design the scheduling and course selection algorithms based on the walking class system, mainly from two aspects: the analysis of the scheduling problem and the design of the course scheduling algorithm. Through the simulated data as the test, Carry on a simulation experiment, verify the validity of the algorithm. 2) the design of the class scheduling system. According to the functional requirements, design each module of the system, Implement the whole function of the system. 3) the development and application of the class scheduling system, the configuration of the system development environment, the realization of the main function modules of the system and the application of the system. The characteristics of this paper are as follows: taking Xianning Foreign language School based on the walking class system as an example, according to the actual teaching situation of the school, the system can automatically arrange courses and manually drag them to adjust classes, and meet the individual needs of students. Students can choose different stratified classes, classified classes and fixed administrative classes in the selection of courses, which is more appropriate to the actual situation of school teaching. The platform adopts the B / S development model, and users can access it through multiple terminals.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G434;G637

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