【摘要】： 目的: 1.建立大鼠迷走神經背核電刺激模型。 2.分析電刺激迷走神經背核條件下大鼠空腸電活動的變化。 3.觀察電刺激迷走神經背核條件下的大鼠空腸微循環(huán)的變化。 4.探討迷走神經背核興奮引起的大鼠小腸生理機能的改變,從電生理和微循環(huán)方面對迷走神經背核在急性腦血管病引起的應激性潰瘍中的作用提供重要的參考依據(jù)。 方法: 1.建立大鼠迷走神經背核電刺激模型:麻醉大鼠,固定于鼠腦立體定位儀上。根據(jù)大鼠腦立體定位圖譜,利用立體定位儀準確定位迷走神經背核,于定位點利用牙科鉆施行顱骨打孔術,用牙科粉固定刺激電極,建立迷走神經背核電刺激的大鼠模型。 2.大鼠空腸電活動計測:大鼠禁食12-18小時,常規(guī)麻醉,沿腹部正中打開腹腔,暴露空腸,將雙針狀電極插于漿膜下,兩電極間距離大約為2mm,接通RM6240B型多道生理信號采集處理系統(tǒng)記錄大鼠迷走神經背核電刺激前與刺激后的大鼠消化間期空腸電活動。 3.大鼠空腸微循環(huán)變化的計測:大鼠禁食12-18小時,常規(guī)麻醉,沿腹部正中打開腹腔,暴露空腸在10倍鏡下按微血管分級原則選取直徑10-30μm的微靜脈,使用BI-2000微循環(huán)動態(tài)圖像分析系統(tǒng)測量微靜脈的血流速度并予以記錄。 4.大鼠迷走神經背核電刺激后腦組織大體標本及核團電毀損標本的制備:大鼠迷走神經背核電刺激造模,實驗結束后,在相應核團上通以陽極電壓5.0 V,60 Hz,20-30 s。斷頭取腦,置入福爾馬林溶液。2-3 d后,冷卻切片檢查定位是否準確。 5.統(tǒng)計學方法:采用SPSS13.0統(tǒng)計分析軟件進行數(shù)據(jù)分析。大鼠迷走神經背核電刺激前后的空腸慢波變化及微循環(huán)血流速度的變化采用配對t檢驗分析;電刺激前和刺激1分鐘內快波出現(xiàn)概率采用采用χ~2檢驗的Fisher's確切概率法進行分析,快波出現(xiàn)率的變化采用χ~2檢驗的方法進行分析。 結果: 1.通過大體標本、電毀損針道確定刺激部位正位于迷走神經背核。 2.比較大鼠迷走神經背核電興奮引起的空腸電活動的變化。迷走神經背核電刺激后10分鐘大鼠空腸慢波平均頻率增加(P＜0.05),平均振幅增加(P＜0.05)。迷走神經背核電刺激1分鐘內和刺激前1分鐘相比,平均頻率降低(P＜0.01),平均振幅增加(P＜0.01),快波發(fā)生概率增加(P＜0.05),快波出現(xiàn)率增加(P＜0.01)。 3.比較大鼠迷走神經背核電刺激前后空腸系膜微循環(huán)血流速度的變化,可見電刺激迷走神經背核后空腸系膜微血管血流速度加快(P＜0.01)。 結論: 1.利用腦立體定位技術可準確制作迷走神經背核電刺激的動物模型。 2.迷走神經背核電刺激后大鼠空腸電活動表現(xiàn)異常,主要表現(xiàn)為刺激即時動作電位高發(fā),腸收縮運動增強;刺激后和刺激前相比慢波頻率、振幅均增加。該結果提示,中樞神經系統(tǒng)損傷可能通過興奮迷走神經背核進而對消化道平滑肌的功能活動產生影響,這種機制有可能通過支配消化道的神經電活動完成,最終會影響消化道的運動,成為應激性潰瘍的神經電生理基礎。 3.迷走神經背核電刺激后空腸系膜微循環(huán)血流速度加快。該結果提示,中樞神經系統(tǒng)損傷可能通過興奮迷走神經背核,造成消化道粘膜微循環(huán)的紊亂。
[Abstract]:Objective:
1. a rat model of dorsal vagus nerve stimulation was established.
2. to analyze the changes of electrical activity of jejunum in rats under electrical stimulation of the dorsal vagal nucleus.
3. to observe the changes of jejunal microcirculation in rats under the condition of electrical stimulation of the dorsal vagal nucleus.
4. To explore the changes of intestinal physiological function induced by the excitation of dorsal vagal nucleus in rats, and to provide important reference for the role of dorsal vagal nucleus in stress ulcer induced by acute cerebrovascular disease from the aspects of electrophysiology and microcirculation.
Method:
1. Establish a rat model of vagal dorsal nucleus stimulation: anaesthetized rats, fixed on the stereotaxic apparatus of rat brain. According to the stereotaxic map of rat brain, the dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve was accurately located by stereotaxic apparatus. Rat model.
2. Measurement of jejunal electrical activity in rats: Rats were fasting for 12-18 hours, under general anesthesia, abdominal cavity was opened along the center of abdomen, jejunum was exposed, and double needle electrodes were inserted into the serosa. The distance between the two electrodes was about 2 mm. RM6240B multi-channel physiological signal acquisition and processing system was connected to record the digestive tract of rats before and after stimulation of dorsal vagal nucleus. Phase jejunal electrical activity.
3. Measurement of the changes of jejunal microcirculation in rats: Rats were fasting for 12-18 hours, under general anesthesia, the abdominal cavity was opened along the center of abdomen, and the jejunum was exposed under 10-fold microscope according to the principle of microvascular grading. The blood flow velocity of the venules was measured and recorded by BI-2000 microcirculation dynamic image analysis system.
4. The preparation of the general specimens and the electrolytic lesion specimens of the brain tissue after the stimulation of the dorsal vagal nucleus in rats: After the stimulation of the dorsal vagal nucleus in rats, the corresponding nuclei were exposed to the anodic voltage of 5.0 V, 60 Hz, 20-30 s.
5. Statistical methods: SPSS13.0 statistical software was used to analyze the data. The changes of jejunal slow wave and microcirculatory blood flow velocity before and after stimulation of dorsal vagal nucleus in rats were analyzed by paired t test. The occurrence probability of fast wave before and within 1 minute of stimulation was analyzed by Fisher's exact probability method using_~2 test. The occurrence rate of fast wave was analyzed by chi square ~2 test.
Result:
1. through the general specimen, electrical destruction of the needle path confirms that the stimulation site is located in the dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve.
2. Comparing the changes of jejunal electrical activity induced by the excitation of the dorsal vagal nucleus in rats, the average frequency and amplitude of the slow wave of the jejunum increased (P < 0.05) and increased (P < 0.05) 10 minutes after the stimulation of the dorsal vagal nucleus. (P < 0.01), the incidence of fast wave increased (P < 0.05), and the incidence of fast wave increased (P < 0.01).
3. Comparing the changes of blood flow velocity of mesenteric microcirculation before and after stimulation of dorsal vagal nucleus in rats, it can be seen that the blood flow velocity of mesenteric microvasculature increased after stimulation of dorsal vagal nucleus (P < 0.01).
Conclusion:
1. using the stereotaxic technique, the animal model of dorsal vagal nucleus stimulation can be produced accurately.
2. The abnormal electrical activity of jejunum in rats after stimulation of dorsal vagal nucleus was mainly manifested by the high incidence of immediate action potential and the enhancement of intestinal contraction; the frequency and amplitude of slow wave increased after stimulation compared with that before stimulation. It is possible that this mechanism can be accomplished by innervating the nerve electrical activity of the digestive tract, eventually affecting the movement of the digestive tract and becoming the neuroelectrophysiological basis of stress ulcer.
3. The velocity of mesenteric microcirculation blood flow increased after stimulation of dorsal vagal nucleus. The results suggest that central nervous system injury may cause disturbance of gastrointestinal mucosal microcirculation by exciting dorsal vagal nucleus.
【學位授予單位】：天津醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：R338

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