大鼠骨髓間充質干細胞的分離、培養(yǎng)、鑒定、基因轉導及眼內移植
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-03 20:38
【摘要】： 隨著細胞和基因治療技術和方法的發(fā)展,載體細胞或種子細胞逐漸成為影響細胞和基因治療成功與否的關鍵環(huán)節(jié)之一。干細胞因其具有高度的自我更新能力和多向分化潛能,已成為組織工程中首選的種子細胞。骨髓間充質干細胞(rMSCs)來源充足、取材容易、移植后排斥反應弱,因此,成為細胞和基因治療等方面研究的熱點。為了使骨髓間充質干細胞更好地發(fā)揮治療效果,有時需要對其進行修飾和誘導。病毒載體是最常用的基因傳遞載體,不同類型的病毒載體具有各自的優(yōu)缺點,為了篩選能夠高效轉導MSCs的載體,本研究對重組腺病毒Ad5、Ad5F35,腺相關病毒AAV1和AAV2,以及慢病毒載體對體外培養(yǎng)的MSCs的轉導效率和外源基因表達水平進行了比較,為以后利用MSCs作為種子或載體細胞進行細胞和基因治療提供了實驗依據。 遺傳性視網膜變性,包括視網膜光感受器細胞的丟失,一直是年輕人群致盲的最主要原因。目前還沒有有效的治療方法,盡管過去有研究表明不同來源的細胞包括胎兒視網膜細胞、胚胎干細胞、基因修飾過的RPE細胞、IPE細胞,以及MSCs等移植有助于保存視網膜光感受器,有的顯示移植的細胞可表達視網膜細胞的某些標記等,利用移植細胞替代丟失的光感受器細胞或延緩光感受器細胞變性凋亡,為治療這種疾病提供了很好的前景,同時也是對現(xiàn)今治療方法和技術的挑戰(zhàn)。在移植細胞的選擇、受體對移植細胞的反應、在不同的受體中移植細胞存活和分化途徑等等,還有大量的科學問題沒有解決。在本研究中,我們主要想解決移植細胞在正常和視網膜變性大鼠視網膜下的命運如何?究竟有多少細胞能存活、分布怎樣、能存活多久,與受體視網膜間的關系如何等問題。為此,我們利用gfp標記大鼠MSCs,熒光顯微鏡直接觀察并記錄移植到正常大鼠視網膜下的MSCs在活體視網膜內的存活和分布情況,并且利用遺傳性視網膜變性RCS大鼠動物模型研究移植MSCs細胞在減緩視網膜變性和光感受丟失方面的治療效果。 第一部分不同的重組病毒載體在大鼠骨髓間充質干細胞中的轉導效率及基因表達水平 [目的]:探討不同的重組病毒載體對體外培養(yǎng)的SD大鼠骨髓間充質干細胞(rMSCs)的感染效率和外源基因表達水平,為利用骨髓間充質干細胞作細胞和基因治療提供實驗依據。 [方法]:采用淋巴細胞分離液密度梯度離心及體外培養(yǎng)方法分離rMSCs,流式細胞儀檢測細胞表面CD11b、CD45和CD90的表達鑒定細胞類型。進一步用攜帶綠色熒光蛋白(EGFP)報告基因的重組Ad5-EGFP、Ad5F35-EGFP、rAAV1/2-EGFP、rAAV2-EGFP及Lentivirus- EGFP感染體外培養(yǎng)的rMSCs,熒光顯微鏡觀察、流式細胞儀檢測EGFP陽性率及熒光強度。 [結果]: rMSCs細胞表面CD11b、CD45和CD90陽性率分別為(14.1±3.3)%,(1.1±0.4)%和(82.3±5.7)%。Ad5-EGFP按10、100和1000 MOI感染rMSCs,2天后流式細胞儀檢測,EGFP陽性率分別為(33.6±2.7)%、(88.6±1.0)%及(99.9±0.1)%,熒光平均強度為4.4±0.3、39.8±1.5及811.4±3.9 ; Ad5F35-EGFP按10、100和1000 MOI感染rMSCs,2天后陽性率分別為(96.9±0.4)%、(99.9±0.1)%及(99.7±0.1)%,熒光平均強度為369.3±14.8、895.4±7.5及703.2±38.4;rAAV1/2-EGFP及rAAV2-EGFP按1×104和1×105 (vg/細胞)感染rMSCs, 6天后陽性率分別為(0.94±0.31)%及(1.30±0.36)%,和(2.16±0.38)%及(3.90±0.33)%;LV-EGFP按30 (TU/細胞)感染rMSCs,6天后陽性率為(60.5±3.2)%,平均熒光強度為27.0±3.6。 [結論]: Ad5、Ad5F35及LV能夠有效感染體外培養(yǎng)的rMSCs并表達外源基因。感染效率與病毒的用量間存在量效關系。 第二部分骨髓間充質干細胞視網膜下移植后存活狀態(tài)及對視網膜變性治療作用的觀察 [目的]:研究穩(wěn)定表達綠色熒光蛋白(GFP)的大鼠骨髓間充質干細胞(rMSCs)移植到正常SD大鼠視網膜下間隙后的存活和分布情況,同時以RCS大鼠作模型,研究rMSCs視網膜下間隙移植對光感受器變性的保護作用。 [方法]:體外培養(yǎng)rMSCs,用攜帶報告基因EGFP的Lentivirus感染rMSCs,建立穩(wěn)定表達GFP的rMSCs細胞(gfp-MSCs),將1×105個gfp-MSCs移植到成年SD大鼠視網膜下間隙,熒光體視鏡觀察眼底并拍照記錄,分別于移植后2和9周取眼球作冰凍切片,DAPI染色后共聚焦顯微鏡觀察gfp-MSCs細胞的存活和分布,以及與受體視網膜細胞的關系。同時以RCS大鼠作模型,將1×105個rMSCs移植到3周齡RCS大鼠左眼視網膜下間隙,右眼注射PBS作為對照。術后5周處死動物,取眼球做石蠟切片,HE染色,顯微鏡觀察視網膜外核層的厚度及殘留的光感受器的數(shù)目,并拍照記錄。 [結果]:熒光體視鏡觀察眼底,術后2周移植的gfp-MSCs在SD大鼠視網膜下間隙已擴散開,但隨時間延長移植的細胞逐漸減少,術后9周僅殘留少量移植細胞,主要分布在注射位點附近;移植的gfp-MSCs細胞一直保留在SD大鼠視網膜下間隙,沒有觀察到移植細胞在神經視網膜內遷移情況。RCS大鼠眼球石蠟切片顯微鏡觀察顯示細胞移植眼保留的光感受器數(shù)量明顯較對側僅注射PBS的對照眼多,凋亡細胞則較對照眼少。 [結論]:移植的rMSCs在大鼠視網膜下可存在較長時間,rMSCs的移植可延緩RCS大鼠視網膜光感受器變性,為治療視網膜變性提供了新的途徑。
[Abstract]:With the development of cell and gene therapy technology and methods, carrier cells or seed cells have become one of the key factors that affect the success of cell and gene therapy. Stem cells have become the preferred seed cells in tissue engineering because of their high self-renewal ability and multi-directional differentiation potential. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) In order to make bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells play a better therapeutic effect, it is sometimes necessary to modify and induce them. Viral vectors are the most commonly used gene delivery vectors, and different types of viral vectors have their own characteristics. In order to screen the vector that can transduce MSCs efficiently, we compared the transduction efficiency of recombinant adenovirus Ad5, Ad5F35, adeno-associated virus AAV1 and AAV2, and lentiviral vector to MSCs cultured in vitro and the expression level of exogenous genes, so as to provide cell and gene therapy with MSCs as seed or carrier cells in the future. Experimental basis.
Hereditary retinal degeneration, including loss of retinal photoreceptor cells, has been the leading cause of blindness in young people. There is no effective treatment, although previous studies have shown that cells from different sources include fetal retinal cells, embryonic stem cells, genetically modified RPE cells, IPE cells, and MSCs. Transplantation helps to preserve the photoreceptors of the retina. Some cells show that transplanted cells can express some markers of retinal cells. The use of transplanted cells to replace lost photoreceptor cells or delay the degeneration and apoptosis of photoreceptor cells provides a good prospect for the treatment of this disease, but also a challenge to current treatment methods and techniques. In this study, we mainly want to solve the fate of transplanted cells under the retina of normal and retinal degeneration rats, and how many cells can survive. To solve these problems, we used GFP to label rat MSCs, observed and recorded the survival and distribution of MSCs transplanted into normal rat retina in vivo by fluorescence microscopy, and studied the animal model of hereditary retinal degeneration in RCS rats. Transplantation of MSCs cells in the treatment of retinal degeneration and photoreceptor loss.
Part I Transduction efficiency and gene expression level of different recombinant viral vectors in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
[Objective] To investigate the infection efficiency and exogenous gene expression level of different recombinant viral vectors in vitro cultured bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) of SD rats, and to provide experimental basis for the use of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells as cells and gene therapy.
[Methods] rMSCs were isolated by density gradient centrifugation of lymphocyte isolates and cultured in vitro. The expression of CD11b, CD45 and CD90 on the cell surface was detected by flow cytometry to identify the cell type. Further, the recombinant Ad5-EGFP, Ad5F35-EGFP, rAAV1/2-EGFP, rAAV2-EGFP and Lentivirus-EGFP were used to infect the cells. RMSCs was cultured in vitro and observed by fluorescence microscopy. The positive rate and intensity of EGFP were detected by flow cytometry.
[Results]: The positive rates of CD11b, CD45 and CD90 on the surface of rMSCs cells were (14.1 ((14.1 +3.3)%, (1.1 (1.1 +0.4)% and (82.3 ((82.3 +5.7)%%% (14.1 ((1.1 +0.4)%)%, (1.1 ((1.1 +0.4.4 (0.4.4 +0.3,3.3.3.3,39.8.1.8.8.1.5,39.8.1.8.5 and 1 000 MOI infected with Ad5,100,100 and 1000MOI, respectively, respectively. The positive rates of EGFPwere (33.6 ((88.6 35-EGF The positive rates of rMSCs infected with 10,100 and 1000MOI at 10,100 and 1000MOI at 2 days were (96.9 [(96.9 [0.4)%%,(99.9 [(99.9 [0.1)%%,(99.7 [(99.7 [0.1)%)%,(99.7 [(99.7 [(99.7 [) 0.1 69.3 [14.8, 895.4 [7.4] 7.5 and 703.2.2.2 [(38.4)%,(69.3 [(69.3 [14.3], 895.5.4 [7.4 [7.5]] 7.5 and 703.2.16 + 0.38)% and LV-EGFP infected rMSCs at 30 (TU/cell) and the positive rate was (60.5+3.2)% 6 days later, with an average fluorescence intensity of 27.0+3.6.
[Conclusion] Ad5, Ad5F35 and LV can effectively infect rMSCs cultured in vitro and express foreign genes.
Part 2 Survival status of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells after subretinal transplantation and its therapeutic effect on retinal degeneration
[Objective] To study the survival and distribution of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) stably expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) after transplantation into the subretinal space of normal SD rats, and to study the protective effect of rMSCs transplantation in the subretinal space of RCS rats on photoreceptor degeneration.
[Methods] rMSCs were cultured in vitro and infected with entivirus carrying EGFP to establish stable GFP-expressing rMSCs. One hundred and fifty-five gfp-MSCs were transplanted into the subretinal space of adult SD rats. The fundus was observed by fluorescence stereoscopy and photographed. The eyeballs were taken for frozen section 2 and 9 weeks after transplantation, and then copolymerized with DAPI staining. The survival and distribution of gfp-MSCs and the relationship between them and the retinal cells of the recipients were observed by focal microscopy. At the same time, 1 105 rMSCs were transplanted into the subretinal space of the left eye of RCS rats aged 3 weeks, and PBS was injected into the right eye as control. The thickness of nuclear layer and the number of residual photoreceptors were recorded.
[Results] After 2 weeks, the transplanted gfp-MSCs had diffused into the subretinal space of SD rats, but the number of transplanted cells decreased gradually with time. Only a few transplanted cells remained near the injection site at 9 weeks after operation. The transplanted gfp-MSCs cells remained in the subretinal space of SD rats without any observation. The migration of transplanted cells in the retina was observed. The number of photoreceptors in the transplanted eyes of RCS rats was significantly more than that of the control eyes only injected PBS, while the number of apoptotic cells was less than that of the control eyes.
[Conclusion] The transplanted rMSCs can survive for a long time under the retina of rats. The transplantation of rMSCs can delay the degeneration of retinal photoreceptors in RCS rats and provide a new way for the treatment of retinal degeneration.
【學位授予單位】：上海交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：R329;R779.6
本文編號：2221102
[Abstract]:With the development of cell and gene therapy technology and methods, carrier cells or seed cells have become one of the key factors that affect the success of cell and gene therapy. Stem cells have become the preferred seed cells in tissue engineering because of their high self-renewal ability and multi-directional differentiation potential. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) In order to make bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells play a better therapeutic effect, it is sometimes necessary to modify and induce them. Viral vectors are the most commonly used gene delivery vectors, and different types of viral vectors have their own characteristics. In order to screen the vector that can transduce MSCs efficiently, we compared the transduction efficiency of recombinant adenovirus Ad5, Ad5F35, adeno-associated virus AAV1 and AAV2, and lentiviral vector to MSCs cultured in vitro and the expression level of exogenous genes, so as to provide cell and gene therapy with MSCs as seed or carrier cells in the future. Experimental basis.
Hereditary retinal degeneration, including loss of retinal photoreceptor cells, has been the leading cause of blindness in young people. There is no effective treatment, although previous studies have shown that cells from different sources include fetal retinal cells, embryonic stem cells, genetically modified RPE cells, IPE cells, and MSCs. Transplantation helps to preserve the photoreceptors of the retina. Some cells show that transplanted cells can express some markers of retinal cells. The use of transplanted cells to replace lost photoreceptor cells or delay the degeneration and apoptosis of photoreceptor cells provides a good prospect for the treatment of this disease, but also a challenge to current treatment methods and techniques. In this study, we mainly want to solve the fate of transplanted cells under the retina of normal and retinal degeneration rats, and how many cells can survive. To solve these problems, we used GFP to label rat MSCs, observed and recorded the survival and distribution of MSCs transplanted into normal rat retina in vivo by fluorescence microscopy, and studied the animal model of hereditary retinal degeneration in RCS rats. Transplantation of MSCs cells in the treatment of retinal degeneration and photoreceptor loss.
Part I Transduction efficiency and gene expression level of different recombinant viral vectors in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
[Objective] To investigate the infection efficiency and exogenous gene expression level of different recombinant viral vectors in vitro cultured bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) of SD rats, and to provide experimental basis for the use of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells as cells and gene therapy.
[Methods] rMSCs were isolated by density gradient centrifugation of lymphocyte isolates and cultured in vitro. The expression of CD11b, CD45 and CD90 on the cell surface was detected by flow cytometry to identify the cell type. Further, the recombinant Ad5-EGFP, Ad5F35-EGFP, rAAV1/2-EGFP, rAAV2-EGFP and Lentivirus-EGFP were used to infect the cells. RMSCs was cultured in vitro and observed by fluorescence microscopy. The positive rate and intensity of EGFP were detected by flow cytometry.
[Results]: The positive rates of CD11b, CD45 and CD90 on the surface of rMSCs cells were (14.1 ((14.1 +3.3)%, (1.1 (1.1 +0.4)% and (82.3 ((82.3 +5.7)%%% (14.1 ((1.1 +0.4)%)%, (1.1 ((1.1 +0.4.4 (0.4.4 +0.3,3.3.3.3,39.8.1.8.8.1.5,39.8.1.8.5 and 1 000 MOI infected with Ad5,100,100 and 1000MOI, respectively, respectively. The positive rates of EGFPwere (33.6 ((88.6 35-EGF The positive rates of rMSCs infected with 10,100 and 1000MOI at 10,100 and 1000MOI at 2 days were (96.9 [(96.9 [0.4)%%,(99.9 [(99.9 [0.1)%%,(99.7 [(99.7 [0.1)%)%,(99.7 [(99.7 [(99.7 [) 0.1 69.3 [14.8, 895.4 [7.4] 7.5 and 703.2.2.2 [(38.4)%,(69.3 [(69.3 [14.3], 895.5.4 [7.4 [7.5]] 7.5 and 703.2.16 + 0.38)% and LV-EGFP infected rMSCs at 30 (TU/cell) and the positive rate was (60.5+3.2)% 6 days later, with an average fluorescence intensity of 27.0+3.6.
[Conclusion] Ad5, Ad5F35 and LV can effectively infect rMSCs cultured in vitro and express foreign genes.
Part 2 Survival status of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells after subretinal transplantation and its therapeutic effect on retinal degeneration
[Objective] To study the survival and distribution of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) stably expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) after transplantation into the subretinal space of normal SD rats, and to study the protective effect of rMSCs transplantation in the subretinal space of RCS rats on photoreceptor degeneration.
[Methods] rMSCs were cultured in vitro and infected with entivirus carrying EGFP to establish stable GFP-expressing rMSCs. One hundred and fifty-five gfp-MSCs were transplanted into the subretinal space of adult SD rats. The fundus was observed by fluorescence stereoscopy and photographed. The eyeballs were taken for frozen section 2 and 9 weeks after transplantation, and then copolymerized with DAPI staining. The survival and distribution of gfp-MSCs and the relationship between them and the retinal cells of the recipients were observed by focal microscopy. At the same time, 1 105 rMSCs were transplanted into the subretinal space of the left eye of RCS rats aged 3 weeks, and PBS was injected into the right eye as control. The thickness of nuclear layer and the number of residual photoreceptors were recorded.
[Results] After 2 weeks, the transplanted gfp-MSCs had diffused into the subretinal space of SD rats, but the number of transplanted cells decreased gradually with time. Only a few transplanted cells remained near the injection site at 9 weeks after operation. The transplanted gfp-MSCs cells remained in the subretinal space of SD rats without any observation. The migration of transplanted cells in the retina was observed. The number of photoreceptors in the transplanted eyes of RCS rats was significantly more than that of the control eyes only injected PBS, while the number of apoptotic cells was less than that of the control eyes.
[Conclusion] The transplanted rMSCs can survive for a long time under the retina of rats. The transplantation of rMSCs can delay the degeneration of retinal photoreceptors in RCS rats and provide a new way for the treatment of retinal degeneration.
【學位授予單位】：上海交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：R329;R779.6
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