【摘要】： 為明確我國西部特有雙峰駝大腸黏膜免疫相關(guān)部位的形態(tài)學(xué)特點、免疫方式及其功能與年齡的關(guān)系,分別應(yīng)用大體剖檢、測量統(tǒng)計及組織學(xué)切片技術(shù)對甘肅民勤產(chǎn)雙峰駝的12峰正常個體、6峰自然感染球蟲個體進(jìn)行了觀察研究實驗。 結(jié)果顯示,正常雙峰駝的大腸黏膜免疫密切相關(guān)的PP結(jié)(Peyer's patches)宏觀表現(xiàn)為半月形、杯狀、囊狀3種基本眼觀形態(tài),其中半月狀PP結(jié)的淋巴小結(jié)數(shù)量比杯狀、囊狀PP結(jié)少。PP結(jié)分布位于回盲部和結(jié)腸前1/3部分,在盲腸、結(jié)腸后段、直腸無分布。經(jīng)統(tǒng)計,PP結(jié)的總數(shù)量在不同年齡個體中存在明顯差別,且3種形態(tài)PP結(jié)所占的比重也不相同。0.5~2歲幼年駝以半月狀形態(tài)PP結(jié)居多,3~5歲成年駝以杯狀、囊狀形態(tài)居多,6~16歲也以杯狀、囊狀形態(tài)居多,數(shù)量有所下降;17歲以上半月狀PP結(jié)居多,但總量有所下降。大腸黏膜上皮內(nèi)淋巴細(xì)胞、固有層淋巴細(xì)胞、淋巴小結(jié)等數(shù)量隨年齡的增長而增多,而杯狀細(xì)胞隨年齡變化不顯著。PP結(jié)主要分布于黏膜下層和黏膜上皮層下方,且幼年駝的PP結(jié)中淋巴小結(jié)數(shù)量明顯少于5歲以上成年駝。此外,正常個體大腸黏膜固有層中漿細(xì)胞分布很少,黏膜下層的肥大細(xì)胞很難見到,網(wǎng)狀纖維組織清晰粗密,僅存在于孤立淋巴小結(jié)、PP結(jié)內(nèi)。 感染個體黏膜增厚,呈腦回樣增生,顏色灰白,局部有出血,表面附有較多黏液,但PP結(jié)眼觀形態(tài)變化不明顯。光鏡下黏膜上皮、固有層內(nèi)腸腺及杯狀細(xì)胞、漿細(xì)胞、彌散淋巴組織均有增生,固有層、黏膜肌層以及黏膜下層發(fā)生大量嗜酸性粒細(xì)胞浸潤,黏膜下層淋巴小結(jié)、PP結(jié)顯著增生,生發(fā)中心明顯,黏膜上皮層下方的PP結(jié)與相鄰黏膜上皮層大量增生并形成許多突起,突起頂部包含大量淋巴組織,形似“球拍”樣,血管周圍肥大細(xì)胞顯著增生,PP結(jié)外周、頂部以及固有層的許多布滿淋巴組織的非PP結(jié)區(qū)域內(nèi)均可見大量增生的網(wǎng)狀纖維組織分布,此外,還可見黏膜出血、黏膜上皮壞死脫落等。 上述結(jié)果表明,雙峰駝大腸黏膜免疫組織的分布、眼觀形態(tài)都為其種屬特有,回盲部是其消化道中的重要黏膜免疫部位和免疫效應(yīng)部位,具有很強(qiáng)的免疫形態(tài)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)。雙峰駝大腸的黏膜免疫強(qiáng)度在幼年到成年階段呈顯著上升趨勢。感染組個體的腦回樣增生系自身黏膜免疫組織增生所致,大腸黏膜受到抗原刺激后,宿主黏膜免疫系統(tǒng)會通過黏膜免疫相關(guān)組織的大量增生進(jìn)行抵抗,且成年駝比幼年駝表現(xiàn)出更強(qiáng)的黏膜免疫抵抗能力。
[Abstract]:In order to clarify the morphological characteristics of the immune related parts of the large intestine mucosa of the special Bactrian camel in Western China, the relationship between the immune mode and its function and age, the 12 normal individuals of the Bactrian camel produced in Gansu Minqin, and the 6 peaks of the natural infection coccidia of the Bactrian Camel, were observed and studied.
The results showed that the macroscopically related PP junction (Peyer's patches) of normal coliform mucosa in normal Bactrian camel was characterized by 3 kinds of basic ophthalmic morphology: meniscus, cup-shaped and cystic, and the number of lymph nodes in the semilunar PP node was less than that of the cup and cystic PP node, and the.PP node was located in the ileocecal and pre colon 1/3 parts, and in the cecum, the posterior colon and the rectum. After statistics, the total number of PP nodes in different age groups was significantly different, and the proportion of the 3 forms of PP nodes was not the same as that of the.0.5~2 year old camels with half moon shaped PP knots, and the adult camels at the age of 3~5 were cup like, cystic, and 6~16 years old, with a cup like shape and a decrease in number, and the majority of PP knots over 17 years old. The amount of the intraepithelial lymphocyte, lamina propria lymphocyte and lymph node increased with age, but the.PP node in the goblet cell was mainly distributed under the submucosal and mucous epithelium with age, and the number of lymph nodes in the PP knot of the young camel was obviously less than that of the adult camel over 5 years old. In addition, the plasma cells in the coliform lamina propria of normal individuals are rarely distributed, and the mast cells in the submucosa are difficult to see, and the reticular fibrous tissue is clear and dense, only in the solitary lymph nodes and in the PP junction.
The mucous membrane of the infected individual was thickened, with a cerebral gyrus like hyperplasia, gray white, partial bleeding, and more mucus on the surface, but the morphological changes of the PP's eyes were not obvious. The mucosa of the mucosa, the inner layer of the propria, the plasma cells, the diffuse lymphoid tissue were proliferated, the lamina propria, the muscularis and the submucosa occurred a large amount of eosinophilic granules. The cell infiltration, submucosa lymph node, PP nodal hyperplasia, the germinal center obvious, the PP knot below the epithelium of the mucosa and adjacent mucosa epithelium proliferating and forming many protrusions. The top of the protuberance contains a large number of lymphoid tissues, resembling the "racket", hypertrophy surrounding the blood vessels, the PP junction, the top and many proprs. A large number of proliferative reticular fibrous tissue was found in the non PP junction area with lymphoid tissue. In addition, mucosal bleeding, mucosal epithelial necrosis and abscission were also seen.
The results show that the distribution of immune tissues in the mucosa of the large intestine of the Bactrian camel is endemic to its species, and the ileocecal part is an important part of the mucosal immune and immune response in the digestive tract, and has a strong immune morphological basis. The mucosal immune intensity of the large intestine of the Bactrian camel shows a rising trend from young to adult. After the mucosal immune tissue proliferation in the group of individuals, the mucosal immune system of the host is resisted by the proliferation of mucosal immune related tissues, and the adult camel has a stronger mucosal immune resistance than the young camel after the mucosal immune system is stimulated by the antigen.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：R392

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 佘銳萍,劉海虹,賈君政,宋俊霞,劉玉如;家兔腸相關(guān)淋巴組織圓小囊超微結(jié)構(gòu)觀察[J];電子顯微學(xué)報;2002年04期

2 謝遵江,劉文慶,方傳龍,劉穎,張湛波,賀業(yè)春;小鼠回腸集合淋巴小結(jié)在粘膜免疫應(yīng)答中的形態(tài)學(xué)研究[J];哈爾濱醫(yī)科大學(xué)學(xué)報;2001年05期

3 王平利,李玉谷,辛朝安;非特異性免疫研究進(jìn)展[J];黑龍江畜牧獸醫(yī);2002年11期

4 謝遵江,劉文慶,賀業(yè)春,張湛波,趙英;小鼠腸上皮內(nèi)淋巴細(xì)胞在粘膜免疫應(yīng)答中的形態(tài)學(xué)研究[J];解剖學(xué)報;1997年03期

5 朱海穎,謝弘;胃腸道黏膜免疫的一些研究進(jìn)展[J];細(xì)胞生物學(xué)雜志;2002年01期

6 劉勝旺,朱宣人,陳懷濤;雙峰駝胃組織學(xué)研究[J];中國獸醫(yī)學(xué)報;1996年05期

7 楊玉榮,鄭世民,馬春全,姜義寶;雛雞服用益生素后局部粘膜免疫組織抗體生成細(xì)胞的動態(tài)變化[J];中國預(yù)防獸醫(yī)學(xué)報;2004年05期

8 王雯慧,陳懷濤;雙峰駝賁門腺區(qū)黏膜組織學(xué)與組織化學(xué)研究[J];畜牧獸醫(yī)學(xué)報;2003年05期

9 王雯慧,陳懷濤;雙峰駝胃底腺區(qū)黏膜組織學(xué)與組織化學(xué)研究[J];畜牧獸醫(yī)學(xué)報;2003年04期

10 張悅,戚曉紅,馮振卿;免疫佐劑的研究進(jìn)展[J];中國血吸蟲病防治雜志;2004年03期

，

本文編號：2134042