大鼠胚胎后腎和胸腺原基聯(lián)合異種移植與誘導(dǎo)免疫耐受的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-06-04 21:48
本文選題:胚胎 + 胸腺; 參考:《浙江大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文
【摘要】: 胚胎后腎移植在同種SD成年大鼠體內(nèi)能夠再血管化,形成器官并具有一定的泌尿功能;但是排斥反應(yīng)仍然是影響胚胎后腎同種和異種移植后器官形成的最主要制約。盡管使用免疫抑制劑對(duì)排斥反應(yīng)有一定的抑制作用,但是,長(zhǎng)期全身非特異性免疫抑制,增加了并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生機(jī)會(huì)。 誘導(dǎo)免疫耐受是目前實(shí)驗(yàn)和臨床研究的重點(diǎn)。中央型耐受由于它提供了全身性的、持續(xù)終生的胸腺陰性選擇,因而被認(rèn)為是T細(xì)胞耐受中最強(qiáng)大的類型,是最有臨床應(yīng)用希望的誘導(dǎo)耐受的方法。 胸腺移植是另一很有希望誘導(dǎo)中央型移植免疫耐受的方案。本研究擬在有關(guān)胚胎后腎原基移植研究的基礎(chǔ)上,利用無(wú)胸腺裸小鼠進(jìn)行大鼠胚胎后腎和胸腺原基聯(lián)合移植,初步探討聯(lián)合胸腺移植后免疫功能重建與誘導(dǎo)受者對(duì)異種供者器官的特異性免疫耐受的關(guān)系。 材料與方法 1、雌性大鼠受孕 清潔級(jí)近交系Lewis大鼠同系雌雄之間同籠配種一整夜,次日早晨雌性大鼠出現(xiàn)陰道栓提示受孕成功,該日視作受孕第0天(Embryonic day0,E0)。取受孕第16d(E16)的胚胎后腎、胸腺原基分組進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。 2、大鼠胚胎及后腎、胸腺的提取 受孕第16d(E16)的Lewis大鼠麻醉后剖腹從子宮中摘取胚胎,胚胎立即置于0—4℃冷生理鹽水中,手術(shù)顯微鏡輔助下,從胚胎中提取胚胎后腎、胸腺原基。解剖、清理胚胎后腎、胸腺原基,置于0~4℃冷生理鹽水中保存。15—25分鐘內(nèi)植入成年近交系Balb/c裸小鼠腹腔內(nèi),其中胚胎后腎植入大網(wǎng)膜內(nèi),而將胸腺原基植入右腎包膜下。 3、大鼠胚胎后腎植入成年受體網(wǎng)膜 近交系Balb/c裸小鼠40只作為移植受體,雌雄不限,隨機(jī)數(shù)字法分成Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ組。 表1-1實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物分組及移植方式 按照設(shè)計(jì)隨機(jī)分組,每組近交系Balb/c裸小鼠10只,其中第Ⅰ組各只裸小鼠腹腔大網(wǎng)膜內(nèi)植入成對(duì)胚胎后腎,右腎包膜下植入成對(duì)胸腺原基;第Ⅱ組各只裸小鼠僅在大網(wǎng)膜內(nèi)植入成對(duì)胚胎后腎,不作胸腺原基移植:第Ⅲ組各只裸小鼠僅在右腎包膜下植入成對(duì)胚胎胸腺原基,不作后腎原基移植;第Ⅳ組各只裸小鼠僅作開(kāi)腹手術(shù),不作移植,,用作對(duì)照。小鼠移植后第21天及第35天開(kāi)腹觀察存活裸鼠的移植器官形成情況,取標(biāo)本進(jìn)行組織病理學(xué)、移植后腎功能等檢測(cè),并作切除雙腎后的生存時(shí)間比較。移植后6周進(jìn)行皮膚移植實(shí)驗(yàn),移植后12周行脾細(xì)胞單向混合淋巴細(xì)胞反應(yīng)(MLR)檢查及外周血T淋巴細(xì)胞流式細(xì)胞學(xué)檢測(cè)。 結(jié)果 1、病理學(xué)表現(xiàn) 移植第3周和第5周,各受體鼠E16移植胸腺及胚胎后腎皆發(fā)育完好,病理切片及電鏡檢查可見(jiàn)發(fā)育正常的移植胸腺及后腎組織結(jié)構(gòu)。 2、移植后腎積液的生化檢測(cè)及功能檢測(cè) 移植后第5周,Ⅰ組、Ⅱ組部分受體小鼠開(kāi)腹,切除雙側(cè)腎臟,抽吸E16后腎的輸尿管或腎盂積液,測(cè)其尿素氮、肌酐值;Ⅳ組也取部分小鼠切除雙側(cè)腎臟;觀察比較各組雙腎切除后的生存時(shí)間。結(jié)果顯示,Ⅰ組、Ⅱ組各受體生存時(shí)間均明顯長(zhǎng)于Ⅳ組。另外比較Ⅰ組、Ⅱ組的雙腎切除后的生存時(shí)間,發(fā)現(xiàn)前者明顯長(zhǎng)于后者。 3、皮膚移植實(shí)驗(yàn) 移植后6周,分別取供體Lewis大鼠、同種對(duì)照C57BL/6(H-2~b)小鼠、第三品系BN大鼠皮膚片及受體BALB/c裸小鼠自身皮片分別移植至Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ組受體裸小鼠,進(jìn)行皮膚移植實(shí)驗(yàn)。結(jié)果,移植至第Ⅰ組和第Ⅲ組的C57BL/6(H-2~b)小鼠、第三品系BN大鼠皮膚片平均存活時(shí)間明顯小于移植至Ⅱ組和Ⅳ組的皮片;移植至Ⅰ、Ⅲ組的胸腺供體來(lái)源的供體Lewis大鼠皮膚平均存活時(shí)間明顯大于C57BL/6(H-2~b)小鼠、第三品系BN大鼠皮膚片平均存活時(shí)間。 4、不同組受體裸小鼠脾細(xì)胞單向混合淋巴細(xì)胞反應(yīng)(MLR)結(jié)果 胚胎胸腺和/或后腎原基移植后12周,不同組受體BALB/c裸小鼠分別取供體Lewis大鼠、同種對(duì)照C57BL/6(H-2~b)小鼠及第三品系BN大鼠脾細(xì)胞進(jìn)行單向混合淋巴細(xì)胞反應(yīng)(MLR)。Ⅰ、Ⅲ組的脾細(xì)胞對(duì)供體Lewis大鼠脾細(xì)胞的刺激呈低反應(yīng);Ⅰ、Ⅲ組的脾細(xì)胞對(duì)同種異體C57BL/6小鼠及第三品系BN大鼠的脾細(xì)胞的刺激有良好的反應(yīng)性。 5、流式細(xì)胞儀測(cè)定受體T淋巴細(xì)胞的重建情況 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明異種胸腺植入裸小鼠12周后,Ⅰ、Ⅲ組的CD3 ~+CD4~+T細(xì)胞的百分率有明顯升高,CD3~+ CD8 ~+T細(xì)胞的百分率升高不明顯。 結(jié)論 1.E16 Lewis大鼠胚胎胸腺、后腎原基聯(lián)合移植至細(xì)胞免疫缺陷的裸小鼠,移植物可生長(zhǎng)分化形成器官并發(fā)揮功能。 2.E16 Lewis異種胸腺移植能使裸小鼠達(dá)到免疫功能重建,使受者有排斥同種異體移植物的免疫力; 3.E16 Lewis胸腺原基與胚胎后腎聯(lián)合移植,并在裸小鼠腹腔良好生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育,有可能誘導(dǎo)特異性異種移植免疫耐受。
[Abstract]:Post - embryonic kidney transplantation in adult SD rats can revascularize , form organs and have a certain urinary function ;
However , the rejection reaction is still the most important restriction on the formation of organs after embryonic kidney allograft and xenotransplantation . Although the use of immunosuppressive agents has a certain inhibitory effect on rejection , long - term systemic non - specific immune suppression increases the chance of complications .
Induction of immune tolerance is the focus of the present experimental and clinical studies . Central tolerance is considered to be the most powerful type of T cell tolerance due to its systemic and persistent thymus - negative selection and is considered to be the most clinically applicable method of inducing tolerance .
Thymic transplantation was another promising protocol for the induction of immune tolerance of the central type . This study was to investigate the relationship between the immune function reconstruction and the specific immune tolerance of the recipient to different donor organs on the basis of the study on the kidney transplantation of the post - embryonic kidney . The study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the immune function and the specific immune tolerance of the recipient to the xenodonor organ after the combined thymus transplantation .
Materials and Methods
1 . Female rat conception
The female rats in the clean - grade inbred line , Lewis rats , were assigned to the same cage overnight , and the female rats appeared to be successful on the next morning in the morning , and the day was treated as the day 0 ( E0 ) of conception . The kidney and thymus were isolated from the embryos of the pregnant day 16d ( E16 ) .
2 . Extraction of rat embryo and back kidney and thymus
The embryonic kidney and thymus were removed from the uterus after anesthesia . The fetal kidney and thymus were extracted from the embryo at 0 - 4 鈩
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