本文選題：肌肉疲勞模型 + 肘部模型��； 參考：《復旦大學》2008年博士論文

【摘要】： 從肌肉的生理學角度建立肌肉疲勞模型是了解肌肉生物力學特征的重要手段,是提高人體運動模擬逼真度的有效方法。本文從鈣離子的傳導出發(fā),建立了基于人體生理學特點的自適應(yīng)肌肉疲勞模型,并將其運用于手臂屈伸運動模型,間接驗證了該模型符合人體生理特點。該肌肉模型繼承和發(fā)展了傳統(tǒng)肌肉模型的各種優(yōu)點,綜合考慮了肌肉的生理橫截面積、肌肉長度、收縮速度、神經(jīng)元刺激以及肌鈣蛋白濃度對肌肉疲勞力學特性的影響。在模型中,我們還改變了傳統(tǒng)上把肌肉分為三種運動單位的方式,首次提出了自適應(yīng)的肌肉運動單位,肌纖維的力學特性隨著神經(jīng)元刺激的不同而發(fā)生改變,符合人體肌肉的生理學特性,而且有效的解決傳統(tǒng)多運動單位肌肉模型中運動單位募集排序復雜的問題。為了驗證自適應(yīng)肌肉疲勞模型的正確性與合理性,論文還將該模型應(yīng)用于人體手臂建模,建立了人體手臂的靜力學模型和動力學模型。在手臂模型中考慮了幾塊主要肌肉的肌力臂隨肘關(guān)節(jié)運動的變化情況,并運用優(yōu)化方法,將外部載荷在各肌肉間進行優(yōu)化分配,解決了肌肉冗余問題。 通過對手臂模型進行仿真分析,得到了手臂在非疲勞狀態(tài)下肘部輸出力矩的強度曲線以及在不同的外部載荷下的疲勞特性,并用實驗測量的方法測試了人體手臂在等長收縮和等速運動下肌肉的疲勞力學特性,將理論模型結(jié)果與實驗測量數(shù)據(jù)比較,驗證了理論模型符合人體生理學特性。論文主要從強度曲線(最大關(guān)節(jié)力矩)、等長等速運動收縮的最大維持時間以及男女肌肉不同的力學特性等方面進行比較。結(jié)果表明,各項理論預測結(jié)果與實驗結(jié)果都非常接近。論文得到以下四個主要結(jié)果:(1)不管在靜力學還是在動力學狀態(tài)下,屈肘的關(guān)節(jié)力矩都是隨著肘關(guān)節(jié)角度變化而變化的,關(guān)節(jié)力矩在70°左右最大,在兩端較小;(2)最大維持時間(MET)隨著最大自主收縮百分比(%MVC)的增加而減小,當%MVC大于30%時,%MVC與MET之間的關(guān)系近似線性關(guān)系;當%MVC小于30%時,兩者則出現(xiàn)指數(shù)非線性關(guān)系;(3)屈肘力矩總體上比伸肘力矩要大,最大的屈肘力矩為最大的伸肘力矩的1.7倍;(4)男性的關(guān)節(jié)力矩是女性的兩倍左右,而女性的抗疲勞程度比男性強;男女肌肉在抗疲勞特性上的差別隨著外部相對載荷的減小越來越明顯。論文的研究結(jié)果表明,肌肉疲勞預測模型和手臂模型不僅能夠客觀的反映人體肌肉與手臂的靜態(tài)、動態(tài)以及疲勞等力學特征,而且能夠準確的描述男女之間肌肉不同的生物力學特性,具有很強的科學價值和應(yīng)用價值,可為進一步研究人體骨骼肌肉的力學特征提供有效的工具。
[Abstract]:The establishment of muscle fatigue model from the physiological point of muscle is an important means to understand the characteristics of muscle biomechanics. It is an effective method to improve the fidelity of human body motion simulation. In this paper, based on the conduction of calcium ion, an adaptive muscle fatigue model based on the physiological characteristics of human body is established and applied to the arm flexion and extension model. The model conforms to the physiological characteristics of the human body. The model inherits and develops the various advantages of the traditional muscle model, considering the physiological cross section of the muscles, the length of the muscles, the speed of contraction, the stimulation of neurons and the effect of the concentration of troponin on the specificity of the muscle fatigue mechanics. In the model, we have also changed the tradition. It is the first time that the muscle is divided into three kinds of motion units. The adaptive muscle movement unit is first proposed. The mechanical properties of the muscle fibers change with the different stimulation of the neuron. It conforms to the physiological characteristics of the human muscles, and effectively solves the complicated problem of collecting and sorting the movement units in the traditional multi movement unit muscle model. To verify the correctness and rationality of the adaptive muscle fatigue model, the model is applied to the modeling of human arm, and the static and dynamic model of the human arm is established. In the arm model, the changes of the muscle force arm of several main muscles with the movement of the elbow joint are considered, and the external load is applied in the optimization method. The optimal allocation of muscles solves the problem of muscle redundancy.
Through the simulation and analysis of the arm model, the strength curve of the arm's elbow output torque and the fatigue characteristics under different external loads are obtained. The experimental measurement method is used to test the muscle fatigue properties of the arm under equal length contraction and constant velocity movement. The theoretical model results and experiments are carried out. The comparison of the measured data shows that the theoretical model conforms to the physiological characteristics of the human body. The thesis is mainly compared with the strength curve (maximum joint torque), the maximum maintenance time of the isokinetic isokinetic contraction and the different mechanical properties of the male and female muscles. The results show that the theoretical prediction results are very close to the experimental results. The following four main results are as follows: (1) the joint torque of elbow flexion varies with the angle of elbow joint regardless of statics or dynamic state. The joint torque is maximum at about 70 degrees and is smaller at both ends; (2) the maximum maintenance time (MET) decreases with the increase of the maximum self principal contraction percentage (%MVC), when%MVC is greater than 30%,%MV The relationship between C and MET is approximately linear. When%MVC is less than 30%, there is an exponential nonlinear relationship; (3) the bending moment is larger than that of the elbow, and the maximum bending moment is 1.7 times the maximum elbow moment; (4) the joint torque of male is about two times of the female, and the female's fatigue resistance is stronger than that of the male. The difference in the resistance to fatigue of meat is becoming more and more obvious with the decrease of the external relative load. The research results of the paper show that the muscle fatigue prediction model and the arm model can not only objectively reflect the mechanical characteristics of the static, dynamic and fatigue of the muscles and arms, but also can accurately describe the different muscles between men and women. Physical and mechanical properties have strong scientific value and application value, which can provide an effective tool for further studying the mechanical characteristics of human skeletal muscle.
【學位授予單位】：復旦大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：R33

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前2條

1 錢志輝;人體足部運動的有限元建模及其生物力學功能耦合分析[D];吉林大學;2010年

2 宋薇;基于物理模型的人體運動建模與仿真[D];武漢理工大學;2012年

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前3條

1 何磊;帶有力反饋的掰手腕機器人的研究[D];中國科學技術(shù)大學;2010年

2 霍衛(wèi)光;基于意圖識別的康復機械臂的控制策略研究[D];華中科技大學;2012年

3 劉暢;基于手勢的非接觸式人機交互中用戶疲勞的評價與研究[D];華南理工大學;2013年

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本文編號：1920439