本文選題：記憶 + 海馬　； 參考：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 記憶是最重要的高級(jí)腦功能之一,腦內(nèi)存在和記憶密切相關(guān)的特定結(jié)構(gòu),存在于這些記憶相關(guān)腦區(qū)中的膽堿能系統(tǒng)對(duì)記憶的形成與維持至關(guān)重要。衰老后記憶相關(guān)腦區(qū)中的膽堿能系統(tǒng)發(fā)生嚴(yán)重的退變,這種退變不僅表現(xiàn)在膽堿能神經(jīng)元的形態(tài)上,更體現(xiàn)在其細(xì)胞功能上。然而衰老后記憶相關(guān)腦區(qū)中膽堿能系統(tǒng)發(fā)生退變的原因目前還沒(méi)有定論。 膽堿能系統(tǒng)功能的發(fā)揮由神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)乙酰膽堿(Acetylcholine, Ach)介導(dǎo),但由于Ach較易被膽堿酯酶降解,因此較為穩(wěn)定的乙酰膽堿合成酶——膽堿乙酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶(Choline acetyltransferase, ChAT)常被用來(lái)間接反應(yīng)膽堿能系統(tǒng)功能狀態(tài)。 神經(jīng)甾體是指能不依賴外周腺體而在神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)中從頭合成的甾體類化合物。甾體合成急性調(diào)節(jié)蛋白(Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, StAR)介導(dǎo)著神經(jīng)甾體合成的限速步驟,因此StAR可間接反映神經(jīng)甾體的合成水平。腦內(nèi)合成的神經(jīng)甾體被證實(shí)具有重要的神經(jīng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)、神經(jīng)保護(hù)及調(diào)節(jié)高級(jí)腦功能的作用。它們對(duì)膽堿能系統(tǒng)的作用也得到廣泛的研究,神經(jīng)甾體不僅可調(diào)節(jié)腦內(nèi)膽堿能神經(jīng)元的形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu),更可調(diào)節(jié)對(duì)其細(xì)胞生物學(xué)功能。 我們推測(cè),衰老后記憶相關(guān)腦區(qū)內(nèi)神經(jīng)甾體合成的減少是存在于這些腦區(qū)中的膽堿能系統(tǒng)功能減退的重要原因。為此我們采用免疫熒光及Western blot方法,對(duì)1月齡、6月齡及24月齡雌性SD大鼠記憶相關(guān)腦區(qū)——海馬、基底前腦及前額葉皮層中StAR及ChAT的表達(dá)情況進(jìn)行檢測(cè),并對(duì)StAR與相應(yīng)腦區(qū)中ChAT的表達(dá)量進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析。結(jié)果顯示：在海馬、基底前腦及前額葉皮層中均存在ChAT和StAR的表達(dá)；StAR可表達(dá)于上述腦區(qū)多種形態(tài)的細(xì)胞胞漿內(nèi)；在所有腦區(qū)內(nèi),ChAT和StAR在24月齡組及1月齡組的表達(dá)量均顯著低于對(duì)應(yīng)的6月齡組(P0.05),而24月齡組略低于1月齡組(P0.05)；此外,StAR的表達(dá)量均與相應(yīng)腦區(qū)中ChAT的表達(dá)量正相關(guān)。這些實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果提示,記憶相關(guān)腦區(qū)存在神經(jīng)甾體的合成,衰老后記憶相關(guān)腦區(qū)內(nèi)神經(jīng)甾體合成的減少是存在于該腦區(qū)中的膽堿能系統(tǒng)發(fā)生退變的重要原因之一。
[Abstract]:Memory is one of the most important advanced brain functions. The existence of specific structures in the brain is closely related to memory. The cholinergic system in these memory related brain regions is very important for the formation and maintenance of memory. The degeneration of cholinergic system in memory related brain after aging is not only reflected in the morphology of cholinergic neurons, but also in the cellular function of cholinergic neurons. However, the causes of degeneration of cholinergic system in memory-related brain area after aging are still unclear. The function of cholinergic system is mediated by acetylcholine (ache), but Ach is easily degraded by cholinesterase. Therefore, Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), a stable acetylcholine synthase, is often used to indirectly reflect the functional state of cholinergic system. Neurosteroids are steroids that can be synthesized from scratch in the nervous system without relying on peripheral glands. Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, StAR) mediates the rate-limiting step of neurosteroid synthesis, so StAR can indirectly reflect the level of neurosteroid synthesis. Neurosteroids synthesized in the brain have been proved to have important neurotrophic, neuroprotective and regulatory effects on advanced brain function. Their effects on cholinergic system have also been extensively studied. Neurosteroids can not only regulate the morphology of cholinergic neurons in the brain, but also regulate their cellular biological functions. We speculate that the decrease of neurosteroid synthesis in memory related brain regions after aging is an important reason for the decline of cholinergic system in these brain regions. For this purpose, the expression of StAR and ChAT in the memory related brain regions of 1-month and 24-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were detected by using immunofluorescence and Western blot methods, and the expression of StAR and ChAT in the basal forebrain and prefrontal cortex were detected. The correlation between StAR and the expression of ChAT in the corresponding brain region was analyzed. The results showed that ChAT and StAR were expressed in hippocampus, basal forebrain and prefrontal cortex. The expression of chat and StAR in all brain regions was significantly lower than that in the 6-month-old group (P0.05), while that in the 24-month-old group was slightly lower than that in the 1-month-old group, and the expression of star was positively correlated with the expression of ChAT in the corresponding brain region. These results suggest that the synthesis of neurosteroids exists in the memory related brain area, and the decrease of the neurosteroid synthesis in the memory related brain area after aging is one of the important reasons for the degeneration of cholinergic system in the memory related brain area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：R341

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

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本文編號(hào)：1908213