本文選題：通氣障礙　切入點：嗅黏膜　出處：《中國醫(yī)科大學》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 目的 構建通氣障礙小鼠動物的模型,觀察不同時間點嗅黏膜的組織學變化情況。 方法 剛出生的昆明小鼠50只,隨機分為實驗組(20只)、對照組(30只)。實驗組小鼠出生后立即在顯微鏡下用9-0線縫合左側前鼻孔,造成左側前鼻孔閉鎖。術后第2周、4周、6周、8周時處理小鼠。嗅黏膜HE染色后,觀察小鼠嗅上皮的厚度、細胞數(shù)量的變化；并且行免疫組織化學染色,用顯微鏡觀察小鼠嗅上皮中成熟的嗅感覺神經元(olfactory receptor neurons, ORNs)及嗅黏膜的組織學變化情況。 結果 剛出生的小鼠(作為陽性對照和陰性對照),兩側鼻腔嗅上皮厚度、成熟的嗅感覺神經元數(shù)量大致相同。縫合小鼠左側前鼻孔術后第2周時,與對照組同側相比,實驗組嗅上皮略薄、OMP陽性細胞數(shù)略少。第4周時,嗅上皮較明顯變薄、OMP陽性細胞數(shù)較明顯變少。第6周時,嗅上皮顯著變薄、OMP陽性細胞數(shù)顯著減少且降至最低水平,說明此時縫合小鼠左側前鼻孔造成的影響已經達到最大程度。第8周時,嗅上皮略薄、OMP陽性細胞數(shù)略少且基本恢復至2周時水平。 結論 每個時間點上,實驗組和對照組小鼠左側鼻腔嗅黏膜的組織學情況都有差異,兩組間嗅上皮OMP陽性細胞數(shù)的差異有統(tǒng)計學意義,說明縫合小鼠左側前鼻孔可導致同側鼻腔嗅上皮厚度變薄、成熟的嗅感覺神經元數(shù)量減少。 第6周時,實驗組左側鼻腔嗅上皮厚度、OMP陽性細胞數(shù)均降至最低水平,說明此時,縫合小鼠前鼻孔對嗅黏膜及成熟嗅感覺神經元造成的影響已經達到最大程度。 第8周時,嗅上皮厚度和OMP陽性細胞數(shù)基本恢復至2周時水平,可能提示：在本實驗方法下,小鼠嗅感覺神經元的再生周期約為6周。 本實驗顯微鏡下縫合小鼠前鼻孔,它可以作為構建通氣障礙小鼠動物模型的可靠方法。
[Abstract]:Purpose. To establish the animal model of ventilatory disturbance and observe the histological changes of olfactory mucosa at different time points. Method. Fifty newly born Kunming mice were randomly divided into experimental group (n = 20) and control group (n = 30). The left anterior nostril atresia was caused. The mice were treated at 4 weeks and 6 weeks and 8 weeks after operation. After HE staining of olfactory mucosa, the thickness of olfactory epithelium and the number of cells in the olfactory epithelium were observed. The histological changes of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) and olfactory mucosa in the olfactory epithelium of mice were observed by microscope. Results. The thickness of nasal olfactory epithelium and the number of mature olfactory sensory neurons were approximately the same in newly born mice (as positive and negative controls). At the second week after the left anterior nostril was sutured, the thickness of olfactory epithelium on both sides of the nasal cavity was similar to that in the control group. In the experimental group, the number of OMP positive cells in the OMP cells was slightly smaller. At the 4th week, the number of OMP positive cells in the olfactory epithelium became significantly thinner than that in the OMP positive cells. At the 6th week, the number of OMP positive cells in the olfactory epithelium decreased significantly and decreased to the lowest level. At 8 weeks, the number of OMP positive cells in the olfactory epithelium was slightly smaller and returned to the level of 2 weeks after the left anterior nostril was sutured. Conclusion. At each time point, there were significant differences in the number of OMP positive cells in the olfactory epithelium between the experimental group and the control group. The results showed that the thickness of olfactory epithelium in the ipsilateral nasal cavity was thinned and the number of mature olfactory sensory neurons was decreased after the left anterior nostril was sutured. At the 6th week, the number of OMP positive cells in the left nasal cavity of the experimental group was reduced to the lowest level, indicating that the effect of the anterior nostril suture on the olfactory mucosa and mature olfactory sensory neurons in the experimental group had reached the maximum extent. At the 8th week, the thickness of olfactory epithelium and the number of OMP positive cells returned to the level of 2 weeks, which suggested that the regeneration period of olfactory sensory neurons in mice was about 6 weeks. The anterior nostril of mice was sutured under microscope. It can be used as a reliable method to construct the animal model of ventilatory disorders in mice.
【學位授予單位】：中國醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：R-332;R361

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