本文選題：攝食障礙　切入點：家庭關系　出處：《中國地質(zhì)大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：攝食障礙在臨床上表現(xiàn)為嚴重異常的進食行為紊亂和控制體重的行為,身心健康和社會功能明顯受損,嚴重甚至危及生命。近些年伴隨患病人數(shù)的增長,以及大眾傳媒對一些極端案例的報道,這一疾病愈發(fā)引起我國民眾的重視和擔憂。攝食障礙的病因十分復雜,原生家庭關系是其發(fā)生、發(fā)展、維持和康復過程中一個重要的社會心理因素。 西方已有許多理論解讀了攝食障礙與家庭之間的關系,眾多實證研究也發(fā)現(xiàn)患者的原生家庭環(huán)境有其獨特的特征。眾多學者對二者的關系相繼開展了經(jīng)典臨床研究、量化研究以及后現(xiàn)代視角下的研究。近些年的研究呈現(xiàn)出多方法、多水平的特點。我國有關攝食障礙的家庭研究非常短缺,開展這方面研究對于探明這一疾病的病理學,改善家庭在疾病發(fā)展和治療中的角色有重要的價值。 本研究以質(zhì)性研究扎根理論為方法論指導,收集攝食障礙患者家庭經(jīng)歷敘事,探索我國攝食障礙患者原生家庭系統(tǒng)的關系特征,以及家庭經(jīng)歷的主題,尋找這些因素彼此之間的影響。 具體而言,本研究一共選取了23名攝食障礙患者,對她們進行開放式深度訪談,鼓勵受訪者生動而豐富地講述其家庭生活經(jīng)歷,將訪談錄音轉(zhuǎn)錄成逐字稿,使用質(zhì)性研究分析軟件對訪談內(nèi)容進行自下而上的三級編碼,總結(jié)了攝食障礙患者家庭敘事中凸顯出來的主題和特征,探尋家庭環(huán)境因素與疾病之間的聯(lián)系和相互作用。 本研究主要結(jié)果如下。父女關系：交流差(18位受訪者提及)；相處少(16)；情感疏離(16)。母女關系：交流差(16)；關系過度緊密(12),且她們均報告了父母婚姻關系存在較為明顯的問題；沖突矛盾多(10)。父母婚姻關系：沖突矛盾多(17)。早年與父母長期分離(11)。父母存在成癮行為和物質(zhì)依賴傾向(13)。18位受訪者提及首次出現(xiàn)攝食問題的具體時間(大部分發(fā)生在大一或高中)。關系變化：父女關系出現(xiàn)好轉(zhuǎn)(15),其中大部分好轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)生在“得病后”、“現(xiàn)在”；母女關系出現(xiàn)好轉(zhuǎn)(12),大部分好轉(zhuǎn)是發(fā)生在“得病后”、“最近一段時間”：父母婚姻關系出現(xiàn)好轉(zhuǎn)(6)，，而且絕大部分發(fā)生在“最近一兩年”、“目前”。 結(jié)合已有理論和過往研究,對結(jié)果進行了分析與討論,得到如下結(jié)論： 攝食障礙患者早年父女關系疏離,父親的情感缺席使得女兒陷于“父親饑餓”,這使得女兒對父性的認可變得異常渴望；在青春期女兒開始認同社會文化賦予的“美”的標準,試圖通過廣義的性的表達來拉近父女關系,但是由于父親對自身俄狄浦斯創(chuàng)傷再度激活的恐懼,父女關系更加疏離；內(nèi)心的空洞和羞恥使得這些女兒的身體意象愈加扭曲。 父親的缺場和父母婚姻失敗使得母女糾纏變得更加嚴重,而母女關系過度緊密進一步阻礙了女兒從家庭中分離和個體化；患者父母之間存在大量矛盾無法得到直接處理,并將自身的創(chuàng)傷投射給了女兒,女兒成為家庭的替罪羊，而維系家庭平衡也成為疾病的二級獲益；家庭系統(tǒng)問題“迫使”女兒成為患者。 父母的物質(zhì)依賴和成癮行為使患者習得了類似的應對方式；在患者的經(jīng)歷中,飲食行為往往伴隨強烈的家庭情感經(jīng)驗,伴隨著關系的建立和喪失。由此，這些遭受父親饑餓、母女糾纏、凝聚家庭創(chuàng)傷的女性,在面對內(nèi)心或環(huán)境的挫折與應激時，選擇外在的食物來給予自己撫慰,或者通過同避食物來避免長大和分離、避免家庭分崩離析。
[Abstract]:Eating disorders in the clinical manifestations of severe abnormal eating behavior disorders and weight control behavior, mental health and social function was significantly impaired, serious or even life-threatening. In recent years, with the prevalence of growth, and the mass media to some extreme cases, the disease has attracted our people's attention and concern. The etiology of feeding the disorder is very complex, the original family relationship is its occurrence, development, and maintain an important social and psychological factors in the rehabilitation process.
There are many western theory to explain the relationship between eating disorders and family, many empirical studies have found that the original family environment with its unique characteristics. Many scholars on the relationship between the two carried out clinical research from the perspective of modern classic research, quantitative research and research in recent years. After showing a multi method, multi features at the level of a shortage of research on family eating disorders in our country, to carry out research in this area for pathological proven this disease, improve the family in the development and treatment of diseases in the role of significant value.
Based on qualitative research grounded theory, this study collects family experience narratives of patients with eating disorders, explores the relationship characteristics of family system in Chinese patients with eating disorders, and explores themes of family experience to find out the effects of these factors.
Specifically, this study selected a total of 23 patients with eating disorders, they were open interviews, to encourage respondents to vivid about their family life experience, the interviews transcribed verbatim text, use qualitative analysis software from the interview content three encoding, summarizes the theme and features out of eating disorders in patients with family narrative, explore between family environment factors and diseases of the connection and interaction.
The main results of this study are as follows: the relationship between father and daughter. (18 of respondents mentioned the exchange difference); with less (16); emotional alienation (16). The relationship between mother and daughter: AC difference (16); over close relationship (12), and they are reported more obvious problems of parents' marital relationship; conflict (multi 10). Many conflicts: the marital relationship of parents (17). Early and long-term separation of parents (11). There is addiction and substance dependence tendency of parents (13).18 respondents mentioned for the first time the specific time feeding problems (mostly in a large or high school). The relationship between father and daughter have improved changes: (15), most of them improved in "sick", "now"; the mother daughter relationship has improved (12), most improvement occurred in the "sick", "a long time": the marital relationship of parents have improved (6), and most recently in " Two years "," now ".
Combined with the existing theories and past studies, the results are analyzed and discussed, and the following conclusions are obtained.
Feeding disorders in patients with early paternity alienation, father's emotional absence makes her daughter in a "father hunger", which makes her become abnormal desire for father's approval; in her adolescent daughter began to identify social culture give the "beauty" standard, tries to generalized expression the close relationship between father and daughter, but because of their father Oedipus trauma RE activated the fear, the father daughter relationship is more alienation; the heart of the hole and the more shame these daughters body image distortions.
Father's absence and failure makes parents marriage becomes more serious and the entanglement of mother and daughter, mother and daughter relationship too close further hindered the daughter separated from family and individual; there are a lot of contradiction between parents can not be directly addressed, and its projection trauma to his daughter, daughter to become a family and family balance is the scapegoat a disease of grade two benefit; family system "forcing" daughter to be patient.
Parental substance dependence and addiction behavior of the patients acquire similar coping styles; in patients with experience, eating behavior is often accompanied by strong family emotional experience, accompanied by the establishment and loss of relationship. Thus, the father and daughter suffered from hunger, entanglement, family trauma of women, in the face of frustration and stress or inner environment when the external food to give yourself comfort, or by avoiding the same food to avoid growth and separation, avoid families fall apart.

【學位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R395

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前4條

1 史靖宇;趙旭東;繆紹疆;;青少年神經(jīng)性厭食癥的家庭治療[J];上海精神醫(yī)學;2008年02期

2 丁瑞佳;童俊;郭蘭;;一名進食障礙患者家庭環(huán)境個案研究報告[J];南方論刊;2007年03期

3 楊建中,康傳媛,趙旭東,許秀峰;系統(tǒng)家庭動力學自評問卷的編制及信效度分析[J];中國臨床心理學雜志;2002年04期

4 曹思聰;繆紹疆;童俊;;西方家庭影響進食障礙的研究述評[J];心理科學進展;2012年11期

本文編號：1601759