本文關(guān)鍵詞： 牙槽突 犬 軟骨 骨發(fā)育　出處：《安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 目的建立單側(cè)牙槽嵴裂動(dòng)物模型,并研究牙槽嵴裂裂隙對(duì)鼻軟組織生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育的影響。 方法實(shí)驗(yàn)于2009-02/2009-08在安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)中心及基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)院實(shí)驗(yàn)室完成。實(shí)驗(yàn)采取自身對(duì)照,選用10只標(biāo)準(zhǔn)同窩實(shí)驗(yàn)犬,8周齡,體重2.5～3.5kg,隨機(jī)確定實(shí)驗(yàn)側(cè)和對(duì)照側(cè)。所有動(dòng)物在靜脈麻醉后,取對(duì)照側(cè)臥位,固定四肢及頭部,常規(guī)消毒鋪巾。在無(wú)菌條件下設(shè)計(jì)第1側(cè)切牙近中至第2側(cè)切牙遠(yuǎn)中唇面及舌面齒齦緣切口,采用外科手術(shù)的方法鈍性分離粘骨膜,充分暴露第1、2側(cè)切牙牙槽骨骨面,用骨鑿鑿除第1側(cè)切牙近中至第2側(cè)切牙遠(yuǎn)中之間的牙槽骨,在實(shí)驗(yàn)側(cè)造成10mm×15mm的單側(cè)牙槽嵴裂裂隙,骨臘及明膠海綿止血,用3-0絲線將去除牙槽突后的唇腭側(cè)粘膜瓣與鼻底的粘骨膜直接對(duì)位縫合,使鼻底與口腔相通,切口緣抗生素藥膏涂抹,對(duì)照側(cè)無(wú)特殊處理,麻醉清醒后繼續(xù)單籠飼養(yǎng)。所有動(dòng)物于術(shù)后10周無(wú)痛性處死,通過(guò)螺旋CT進(jìn)行頭顱三維重建,應(yīng)用Amira軟件對(duì)兩組動(dòng)物進(jìn)行外鼻定點(diǎn),行線距及角度測(cè)量并數(shù)據(jù)分析;另解剖雙側(cè)鼻翼軟骨,于軟骨內(nèi)1/2處、穹隆角、外1/2、外1/4處垂直于軟骨長(zhǎng)軸切開(kāi),水平包埋,連續(xù)做5μm寬切片,常規(guī)組織學(xué)處理,HE染色,進(jìn)行圖像分析。采用SPSS 15.0軟件對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行配對(duì)t檢驗(yàn)分析,比較實(shí)驗(yàn)側(cè)及對(duì)照側(cè)軟骨發(fā)育的差別。 結(jié)果所有實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物未有死亡病例,動(dòng)物處死后行大體觀察:實(shí)驗(yàn)側(cè)牙槽嵴裂裂隙未愈合,雙側(cè)鼻翼發(fā)育程度不一致,患側(cè)發(fā)育較健側(cè)差,并伴有患側(cè)鼻翼外側(cè)腳下陷;鼻尖位置向患側(cè)偏斜,鼻孔呈不同程度的不對(duì)稱(chēng),鼻小柱向健側(cè)偏斜。定點(diǎn)測(cè)量(mm),鼻翼最上緣點(diǎn)與En-En連線的垂直距離:實(shí)驗(yàn)側(cè)為(17.7±2.45),對(duì)照側(cè)為(16.92±2.26),P0.05;鼻翼基底點(diǎn)與En-En連線的垂直距離:實(shí)驗(yàn)側(cè)為(25.56±6.05),對(duì)照側(cè)為(26.29±5.87),P0.05;鼻小柱點(diǎn)-鼻翼外點(diǎn)間距:實(shí)驗(yàn)側(cè)為(8.38±0.8),對(duì)照側(cè)為(7.4±0.45),P0.01;鼻小柱點(diǎn)到鼻翼緣外側(cè)點(diǎn)距離:實(shí)驗(yàn)側(cè)為(8.90±1.63),對(duì)照側(cè)為(8.12±1.19),P0.05;鼻孔寬度:實(shí)驗(yàn)側(cè)為(5.26±0.78),對(duì)照側(cè)為(4.08±0.71),P0.05;鼻孔最上點(diǎn)-鼻翼基底線的距離:實(shí)驗(yàn)側(cè)為(5.54±1.23),對(duì)照側(cè)為(5.86±1.31),P0.01;鼻翼外點(diǎn)-鼻翼外側(cè)緣點(diǎn)連線的距離:實(shí)驗(yàn)側(cè)為(3.92±0.80),對(duì)照側(cè)為(3.62±0.68),P0.01。連續(xù)切片組織學(xué)觀察:對(duì)照側(cè)鼻翼軟骨外側(cè)腳1/2處中央細(xì)胞面積(μm×μm):實(shí)驗(yàn)側(cè)為(426.03±60.40),對(duì)照側(cè)為(361.01±47.62);周長(zhǎng)(μm):實(shí)驗(yàn)側(cè)為(52.80±5.97),對(duì)照側(cè)為(44.47±4.94)。外1/4處中央細(xì)胞面積(μm×μm):實(shí)驗(yàn)側(cè)為(454.86±63.13),對(duì)照側(cè)為(357.85±47.28);周長(zhǎng)(μm):實(shí)驗(yàn)側(cè)為(53.55±5.94),對(duì)照側(cè)為(45.48±5.41),差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。對(duì)照側(cè)鼻翼軟骨外1/4處細(xì)胞表密度(μm×μm/個(gè)):實(shí)驗(yàn)側(cè)為(71.78±12.20),對(duì)照側(cè)為(58.86±10.41),P0.05。 結(jié)論對(duì)照側(cè)外鼻組織生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育優(yōu)于實(shí)驗(yàn)側(cè),單側(cè)牙槽嵴裂裂隙對(duì)外鼻的形態(tài)及鼻翼軟骨生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育可能具有一定的影響。
[Abstract]:Objective to establish an animal model of unilateral alveolar cleft and to study the effect of alveolar cleft fissure on the growth and development of nasal soft tissue. Methods the experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of Animal experiment Center and basic Medical College of Anhui Medical University in 2009-02 / 2009-08. The experimental side and the control side were randomly determined. After intravenous anesthesia, all the animals were placed in the control lateral position, and their limbs and head were fixed. Under aseptic conditions, the incision of the distal lip and the lingual margin of the first lateral incisor was designed, and the alveolar bone surface of the first incisor was fully exposed by the surgical method of obtuse separation of the mucous periosteum, and the alveolar bone surface of the second lateral incisor was fully exposed. The alveolar bone between the proximal incisor of the first lateral incisor and the distal incisor of the second lateral incisor was chiseled with bone chisel, and a 10mm 脳 15mm cleft fissure of the alveolar crest, bone wax and gelatin sponge were created on the experimental side to stop bleeding. The labial and palatal mucosa flap after removal of alveolar process was directly sutured with the mucoperiosteum of the nasal floor with 3-0 filaments, so that the nasal floor was connected with the oral cavity, the incision margin was smeared with antibiotic ointment, and no special treatment was found in the control side. All the animals were killed painlessly 10 weeks after anesthesia. The head was reconstructed by spiral CT. The external nasal fixed point, line distance and angle were measured and the data were analyzed by Amira software. In addition, bilateral alar cartilage was dissected at 1/2 points in the cartilage, at the fornix angle, 1 / 2 in the outer part, 1/4 perpendicular to the long axis of the cartilage, horizontally embedded, and continuously made 5 渭 m wide sections. Image analysis was carried out. The data were analyzed by paired t test with SPSS 15.0 software, and the difference of cartilage development between experimental side and control side was compared. Results there were no death cases in all the experimental animals. After being killed, the experimental alveolar cleft cleft fissure was not healed, the degree of bilateral alar development was not consistent, the development of the affected side was worse than that of the healthy side, and the lateral foot of the affected alar was depressed. The tip of the nose is oblique to the affected side, and the nostril is asymmetrical to varying degrees. The vertical distance between the upper edge of the nasal wing and the En-En line was measured: the experimental side was 17.7 鹵2.45 and the control side was 16.92 鹵2.26 P0.05; the vertical distance between the base point of the nasal wing and the En-En line was 25.56 鹵6.05 in the experimental side and 26.29 鹵5.87P0.05 in the control side. The distance between the outer point of the nasal wing and the control side was 8.38 鹵0.8 and 7.4 鹵0.45, respectively. The distance between the nasal column point and the lateral point of the alar edge was 8.90 鹵1.63, the control side was 8.12 鹵1.19, P 0.05, the nostril width was 5.26 鹵0.78 and the control side was 4.08 鹵0.71, and the distance between the top point of the nostril and the base line of the nasal pterygoid was 0.05. : the experimental side was 5.54 鹵1.23 and the control side was 5.86 鹵1.31 P0.01.The distance between the outer point of the nasal wing and the lateral edge of the nasal wing was 3.92 鹵0.80 in the experimental side and 3.62 鹵0.68 in the control side. Histological observation: the area of the central cells at the lateral foot of the alar cartilage of the control side (渭 m 脳 渭 m: experimental side: 3.62 鹵0.68) P0.01.The histological observation of the serial section: the area of central cells at the lateral foot of the alar cartilage of the control side (渭 m 脳 渭 m: experimental side: experimental side). For the control side (426.03 鹵60.40), the control side was 361.01 鹵47.62, the circumference was 52.80 鹵5.97 in the experimental side and the control side was 44.47 鹵4.94. The area of the central cells was 454.86 鹵63.13 on the outer side (渭 m 脳 渭 m), 357.85 鹵47.28 on the control side, and 53.55 鹵5.94 on the experimental side, and 45.48 鹵5.41 on the control side, with statistical significance. The apparent density of 1/4 cells (渭 m 脳 渭 m / L) was 71.78 鹵12.20 in the experimental side and 58.86 鹵10.41 in the control side. Conclusion the growth and development of the external nasal tissue of the control side is superior to that of the experimental side. The shape of the external nose and the growth and development of the alar cartilage of the unilateral alveolar cleft fissure may have some influence.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R-332

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