本文關(guān)鍵詞： 寒冷 海馬 ATP cold(寒冷) hippocampus(海馬) ATP(腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸)　出處：《第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 人體在自然或人工冷環(huán)境中活動(dòng)或作業(yè)時(shí),如果環(huán)境冷強(qiáng)度超過(guò)了人體耐受限度,輕則降低體力和腦力作業(yè)效率,誘發(fā)或加重某些病癥,重則導(dǎo)致機(jī)體損傷。寒冷所致的損傷統(tǒng)稱為凍傷。在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間,凍傷是冬季戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中非戰(zhàn)斗減員的重要因素。在某些冬季戰(zhàn)例中,部隊(duì)凍傷與戰(zhàn)傷人數(shù)之比高達(dá)1:1～1:1.27.因此,研究寒冷環(huán)境對(duì)軍隊(duì)?wèi)?zhàn)斗力的影響是十分必要的。 寒冷能夠引起人體內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng);循環(huán)和呼吸系統(tǒng);泌尿系統(tǒng),能量代謝方面的損害。冷暴露時(shí),易發(fā)生體溫過(guò)低,即使未發(fā)生體溫過(guò)低,對(duì)腦功能也有一定影響。如冷漠,易激動(dòng),注意力不集中,作業(yè)錯(cuò)誤率增多,反應(yīng)時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)等。提示冷暴露可以影響腦功能,但其具體機(jī)制目前尚不完全清楚。 寒冷暴露時(shí)腦功能的調(diào)節(jié)對(duì)于寒冷的適應(yīng)能力起著至關(guān)重要的作用。海馬是學(xué)習(xí)、記憶等高級(jí)神經(jīng)活動(dòng)的重要部位,同時(shí)需要大量供能來(lái)維持其功能,ERK是重要的絲氨酸/蘇氨酸蛋白激酶,它的底物包括轉(zhuǎn)錄因子、組蛋白、細(xì)胞內(nèi)其他重要的激酶以及K+通道等。這些物質(zhì)都是細(xì)胞內(nèi)的重要組成成分,是學(xué)習(xí)記憶形成過(guò)程中必不可少的。本實(shí)驗(yàn)采用-15℃的低溫暴露,觀察寒冷應(yīng)激對(duì)大鼠學(xué)習(xí)記憶的影響以及海馬ATP含量的變化,以及ERK分子表達(dá)的變化,以進(jìn)一步闡明寒冷應(yīng)激對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)記憶的損傷機(jī)制。 【方法】 以-15℃,6h冷暴露方法建立冷暴露大鼠模型;Y迷宮方法檢測(cè)寒冷暴露對(duì)大鼠學(xué)習(xí)記憶的影響;用HE染色方法觀察寒冷暴露對(duì)大鼠海馬的病理學(xué)改變;使用ATP檢測(cè)試劑盒檢測(cè)寒冷暴露后大鼠海馬中ATP含量;Western blot檢測(cè)海馬組織AKT,ERK信號(hào)分子的表達(dá)。 【結(jié)果】 1.Y迷宮結(jié)果顯示:SD大鼠寒冷暴露6小時(shí)后,相對(duì)于對(duì)照組而言,6小時(shí)寒冷暴露后大鼠的正確反應(yīng)次數(shù)顯著減少(p㩳0.05),在總反應(yīng)時(shí)間上顯著增加(p㩳0.05) 2.大鼠海馬HE染色結(jié)果顯示:與對(duì)照組相比,6h寒冷暴露組細(xì)胞增殖數(shù)目減少 3.ATP含量檢測(cè)結(jié)果顯示:寒冷暴露后,與對(duì)照組相比,SD大鼠海馬ATP含量在6小時(shí)呈現(xiàn)顯著下降(p㩳0.05) 4.Western blot結(jié)果顯示:寒冷應(yīng)激后,大鼠海馬ERK、AKT磷酸化水平明顯降低 【結(jié)論】 寒冷暴露可引大鼠學(xué)習(xí)記憶下降,提示長(zhǎng)時(shí)間寒冷暴露可以引起大鼠學(xué)習(xí)記憶損害,并可導(dǎo)致海馬形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)損傷;冷暴露可誘導(dǎo)海馬ATP含量的降低,提示長(zhǎng)時(shí)間冷暴露可引起海馬能量代謝水平下降;蛋白AKT、ERK表達(dá)水平降低提示可能與ATP減少有關(guān)。
[Abstract]:When the human body is active or working in the natural or artificial cold environment, if the cold intensity of the environment exceeds the tolerance limit of human body, it will reduce the efficiency of physical and mental work, and induce or aggravate some diseases. The damage caused by cold is generally referred to as frostbite. During the war, frostbite is an important factor of non-combat attrition in winter war. In some winter cases. The ratio of frostbite to battle wound is as high as 1: 1: 1: 1.27.Therefore, it is necessary to study the influence of cold environment on army combat effectiveness. Cold can cause endocrine system; Circulatory and respiratory systems; Urinary system, energy metabolism damage. Cold exposure, prone to hypothermia, even if not hypothermia, also have a certain impact on brain function. It is suggested that cold exposure can affect brain function, but its mechanism is not completely clear. The regulation of brain function during cold exposure plays an important role in cold adaptation. Hippocampus is an important part of advanced neural activities such as learning and memory and needs a large amount of energy to maintain its function. ERK is an important serine / threonine protein kinase. Its substrates include transcription factors, histone, other important kinases and K channels in cells. In this experiment, the effects of cold stress on learning and memory and the changes of ATP content in hippocampus of rats were observed by low temperature exposure at -15 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1449281