本文關鍵詞： 寒冷 海馬 ATP cold(寒冷) hippocampus(海馬) ATP(腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸)　出處：《第四軍醫(yī)大學》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 人體在自然或人工冷環(huán)境中活動或作業(yè)時,如果環(huán)境冷強度超過了人體耐受限度,輕則降低體力和腦力作業(yè)效率,誘發(fā)或加重某些病癥,重則導致機體損傷。寒冷所致的損傷統(tǒng)稱為凍傷。在戰(zhàn)爭期間,凍傷是冬季戰(zhàn)爭中非戰(zhàn)斗減員的重要因素。在某些冬季戰(zhàn)例中,部隊凍傷與戰(zhàn)傷人數(shù)之比高達1:1～1:1.27.因此,研究寒冷環(huán)境對軍隊戰(zhàn)斗力的影響是十分必要的。 寒冷能夠引起人體內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng);循環(huán)和呼吸系統(tǒng);泌尿系統(tǒng),能量代謝方面的損害。冷暴露時,易發(fā)生體溫過低,即使未發(fā)生體溫過低,對腦功能也有一定影響。如冷漠,易激動,注意力不集中,作業(yè)錯誤率增多,反應時間延長等。提示冷暴露可以影響腦功能,但其具體機制目前尚不完全清楚。 寒冷暴露時腦功能的調(diào)節(jié)對于寒冷的適應能力起著至關重要的作用。海馬是學習、記憶等高級神經(jīng)活動的重要部位,同時需要大量供能來維持其功能,ERK是重要的絲氨酸/蘇氨酸蛋白激酶,它的底物包括轉錄因子、組蛋白、細胞內(nèi)其他重要的激酶以及K+通道等。這些物質都是細胞內(nèi)的重要組成成分,是學習記憶形成過程中必不可少的。本實驗采用-15℃的低溫暴露,觀察寒冷應激對大鼠學習記憶的影響以及海馬ATP含量的變化,以及ERK分子表達的變化,以進一步闡明寒冷應激對學習記憶的損傷機制。 【方法】 以-15℃,6h冷暴露方法建立冷暴露大鼠模型;Y迷宮方法檢測寒冷暴露對大鼠學習記憶的影響;用HE染色方法觀察寒冷暴露對大鼠海馬的病理學改變;使用ATP檢測試劑盒檢測寒冷暴露后大鼠海馬中ATP含量;Western blot檢測海馬組織AKT,ERK信號分子的表達。 【結果】 1.Y迷宮結果顯示:SD大鼠寒冷暴露6小時后,相對于對照組而言,6小時寒冷暴露后大鼠的正確反應次數(shù)顯著減少(p㩳0.05),在總反應時間上顯著增加(p㩳0.05) 2.大鼠海馬HE染色結果顯示:與對照組相比,6h寒冷暴露組細胞增殖數(shù)目減少 3.ATP含量檢測結果顯示:寒冷暴露后,與對照組相比,SD大鼠海馬ATP含量在6小時呈現(xiàn)顯著下降(p㩳0.05) 4.Western blot結果顯示:寒冷應激后,大鼠海馬ERK、AKT磷酸化水平明顯降低 【結論】 寒冷暴露可引大鼠學習記憶下降,提示長時間寒冷暴露可以引起大鼠學習記憶損害,并可導致海馬形態(tài)結構損傷;冷暴露可誘導海馬ATP含量的降低,提示長時間冷暴露可引起海馬能量代謝水平下降;蛋白AKT、ERK表達水平降低提示可能與ATP減少有關。
[Abstract]:When the human body is active or working in the natural or artificial cold environment, if the cold intensity of the environment exceeds the tolerance limit of human body, it will reduce the efficiency of physical and mental work, and induce or aggravate some diseases. The damage caused by cold is generally referred to as frostbite. During the war, frostbite is an important factor of non-combat attrition in winter war. In some winter cases. The ratio of frostbite to battle wound is as high as 1: 1: 1: 1.27.Therefore, it is necessary to study the influence of cold environment on army combat effectiveness. Cold can cause endocrine system; Circulatory and respiratory systems; Urinary system, energy metabolism damage. Cold exposure, prone to hypothermia, even if not hypothermia, also have a certain impact on brain function. It is suggested that cold exposure can affect brain function, but its mechanism is not completely clear. The regulation of brain function during cold exposure plays an important role in cold adaptation. Hippocampus is an important part of advanced neural activities such as learning and memory and needs a large amount of energy to maintain its function. ERK is an important serine / threonine protein kinase. Its substrates include transcription factors, histone, other important kinases and K channels in cells. In this experiment, the effects of cold stress on learning and memory and the changes of ATP content in hippocampus of rats were observed by low temperature exposure at -15 鈩，

本文編號：1449281