【摘要】：近年來(lái),隨著長(zhǎng)江航道整治與維護(hù)工程的有效展開(kāi),機(jī)動(dòng)船船型標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作的穩(wěn)步進(jìn)行,長(zhǎng)江中下游干線駁船運(yùn)輸正逐漸被自航船取代,駁船運(yùn)輸正逐漸退出市場(chǎng),但由于長(zhǎng)江上游川江及三峽庫(kù)區(qū)水文條件相對(duì)復(fù)雜,受到船閘,吃水等各種尺度限制,很多在中下游通用的自航船因自身尺寸限制無(wú)法在該區(qū)域自由航行,因此駁船運(yùn)輸以其自身吃水淺、尺寸靈活等特點(diǎn)在該區(qū)域貨運(yùn)市場(chǎng)中依然發(fā)揮著重要的作用。 總體來(lái)看,長(zhǎng)江上游川江及三峽庫(kù)區(qū)輪駁船隊(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)存在船型雜亂,編隊(duì)混亂等不足,而且多半都采用梭頂或者品字型頂推綁拖技術(shù),其船隊(duì)規(guī)模都很小,沒(méi)有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的編隊(duì)方式。因此,研究駁船編隊(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化問(wèn)題,對(duì)推動(dòng)長(zhǎng)江上游地區(qū)駁船運(yùn)輸技術(shù)進(jìn)步,提高駁船編隊(duì)技術(shù)水平,優(yōu)化輪駁船隊(duì)結(jié)構(gòu),提高航道和船閘等通航設(shè)施利用率,減少船舶污染,保障水上交通運(yùn)輸安全,降低內(nèi)河駁船運(yùn)輸成本,提高內(nèi)河航運(yùn)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,促進(jìn)長(zhǎng)江航運(yùn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展,都具有十分重要的意義。 本文首先根據(jù)長(zhǎng)江上游地區(qū)航段水深情況、通航情況、貨流情況和水利設(shè)施分布位置,將其分為宜賓—重慶和重慶—宜昌兩個(gè)航段,利用已經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)發(fā)布的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)駁船船型及推(拖)輪,在充分考慮航道水深限制、推(拖)輪拉力限制和船閘尺度限制的情況下確立不同航段備選編隊(duì)方案,考慮到不同編隊(duì)方案輪駁船隊(duì)整體阻力會(huì)有所不同,通過(guò)建立阻力與航速、推力與航速的關(guān)系式,確定不同編隊(duì)方案最佳營(yíng)運(yùn)航速,在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行輪駁船隊(duì)運(yùn)輸經(jīng)濟(jì)性分析,利用IDS證據(jù)推理法對(duì)所有方案的指標(biāo)值進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),經(jīng)濟(jì)性分析結(jié)果表明輪駁船隊(duì)運(yùn)輸比傳統(tǒng)干散貨機(jī)動(dòng)船運(yùn)輸更經(jīng)濟(jì)與環(huán)保,指標(biāo)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果得出了宜賓至重慶航段駁船標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編隊(duì)方案共計(jì)5種；重慶至宜昌航段駁船標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編隊(duì)方案共計(jì)10種。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the effective development of the Yangtze River waterway regulation and maintenance project and the steady progress of the standardization of the ship type of motorized ships, barge transportation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is gradually replaced by self-sailing ships, and barge transportation is gradually withdrawn from the market. However, due to the relatively complex hydrological conditions in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the three Gorges Reservoir area, it is limited by shiplock, draught and other scales. Many self-sailing ships in the middle and lower reaches can not sail freely in this area because of their own size restrictions, so barge transportation still plays an important role in the regional freight market because of its shallow draught and flexible size. Generally speaking, there are some shortcomings in the structure of the ship barge fleet in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the three Gorges Reservoir area, such as disorderly ship type and chaotic formation, and most of them adopt shuttle top or font push tie and tow technology, and their fleet size is very small and there is no standard formation mode. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the standardization of barge formation in order to promote the technical progress of barge transportation in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, improve the technical level of barge formation, optimize the structure of barge fleet, improve the utilization rate of navigation facilities such as waterway and shiplock, reduce ship pollution, ensure the safety of water transportation, reduce the transportation cost of inland waterway, improve the competitiveness of inland waterway shipping, and promote the sustainable development of Yangtze River shipping. In this paper, according to the water depth, navigation, cargo flow and the distribution position of water conservancy facilities in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, it is divided into two sections: Yibin-Chongqing and Chongqing-Yichang. By using the standard barge type and push (tug) wheel that have been developed and issued, the alternative formation schemes of different sections are established under the condition of fully considering the limitation of waterway water depth, the tension limit of push (towing) wheel and the scale limit of shiplock. Considering that the overall resistance of different formation schemes is different, the optimal operating speed of different formation schemes is determined by establishing the relationship between resistance and speed, thrust and speed. On this basis, the economic analysis of barge fleet transportation is carried out, and the index values of all schemes are evaluated by IDS evidence inference method. The economic analysis results show that the wheel barge fleet transportation is more economical and environmentally friendly than the traditional dry bulk cargo motorized ship transportation. The evaluation results show that there are five standard formation schemes for barges from Yibin to Chongqing. There are 10 standard formation schemes for barges in Chongqing-Yichang section.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：F552;U692

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