【摘要】：現(xiàn)代交通運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)是由鐵路、公路、水運(yùn)、航空和管道五種運(yùn)輸方式構(gòu)成的立體化綜合系統(tǒng)。交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)是國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè),國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)要以較快速度發(fā)展,綜合運(yùn)輸發(fā)展滯后的狀況必須改變,所以完善我國(guó)綜合運(yùn)輸體系是交通運(yùn)輸和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的迫切需要。綜觀世界發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家運(yùn)輸管理機(jī)制的發(fā)展歷程,發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家已普遍建立了綜合性運(yùn)輸行政管理機(jī)構(gòu),對(duì)交通運(yùn)輸事務(wù)實(shí)行集中管理。本文在系統(tǒng)研究發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家綜合運(yùn)輸管理機(jī)制的立法經(jīng)驗(yàn),客觀分析我國(guó)綜合運(yùn)輸管理機(jī)制的歷史沿革、發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和存在的問(wèn)題的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了完善我國(guó)綜合運(yùn)輸管理機(jī)制的立法構(gòu)想。本文指出,綜合運(yùn)輸管理機(jī)構(gòu)分散、鐵路體制改革滯后、綜合運(yùn)輸管理機(jī)構(gòu)行政組織法不健全、綜合運(yùn)輸法律體系不協(xié)調(diào)及綜合運(yùn)輸行政執(zhí)法不力是阻礙綜合運(yùn)輸管理機(jī)制改革的五大因素。其中,鐵路體制改革不徹底是我國(guó)建立綜合運(yùn)輸管理機(jī)制的最大障礙。因此,要破除鐵道部政企不分的體制,打破鐵路壟斷局面,進(jìn)行徹底和全面的鐵路體制改革。本文強(qiáng)調(diào),通過(guò)完善綜合運(yùn)輸行政機(jī)關(guān)組織法律制度,制定綜合運(yùn)輸管理法和完善交通運(yùn)輸行業(yè)法等立法途徑為綜合運(yùn)輸管理機(jī)制改革提供法制保障。最后提出了分級(jí)別、分階段穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)我國(guó)綜合運(yùn)輸管理機(jī)制的具體構(gòu)想。中央運(yùn)輸行政管理組織體系的基本結(jié)構(gòu)模式分為三個(gè)階段：過(guò)渡方案,設(shè)立國(guó)家交通決策協(xié)調(diào)管理委員會(huì),形成監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)間信息共享、溝通協(xié)調(diào)的合作管理機(jī)制；中期方案,將鐵道部并入交通運(yùn)輸部,構(gòu)建大交通運(yùn)輸部,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)全國(guó)鐵路、公路、水運(yùn)、航空、管道、城市交通、交通安全等統(tǒng)一管理和協(xié)調(diào)；遠(yuǎn)期方案,設(shè)立國(guó)土交通建設(shè)部,統(tǒng)籌國(guó)土開(kāi)發(fā)、交通運(yùn)輸與建設(shè)的統(tǒng)一管理。地方運(yùn)輸行政管理組織體系基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“橫”、“縱”特性相結(jié)合的運(yùn)輸管理部門(mén)組織機(jī)構(gòu)的模式。
[Abstract]:Modern transportation system is a three-dimensional integrated system composed of railway, highway, waterway, aviation and pipeline. Transportation industry is the basic industry of the national economy. If the national economy is to develop at a faster speed, the situation that the comprehensive transportation development lags behind must be changed. Therefore, it is an urgent need for the transportation and economic and social development to perfect the comprehensive transportation system of our country. In view of the development of transport management mechanism in developed countries, the developed countries have established a comprehensive transportation administrative organization and centralized management of transportation affairs. Based on the systematic study of the legislative experience of the integrated transport management mechanism in developed countries, and the objective analysis of the historical evolution, development status and existing problems of the integrated transport management mechanism in China, this paper makes a systematic study of the legislative experience of the integrated transport management mechanism in the developed countries. The legislative conception of perfecting the comprehensive transportation management mechanism of our country is put forward. This paper points out that the integrated transport management organization is decentralized, the railway system reform lags behind, and the administrative organization law of the integrated transport management organization is not perfect. The disharmony of the comprehensive transportation law system and the weak administrative law enforcement of the integrated transportation are the five major factors hindering the reform of the integrated transportation management mechanism. Among them, the reform of railway system is the biggest obstacle to the establishment of comprehensive transportation management mechanism in China. Therefore, it is necessary to break down the system of railway ministry, break the monopoly of railway, and carry out a thorough and comprehensive reform of railway system. This paper emphasizes that the reform of comprehensive transportation management mechanism can be guaranteed by perfecting the organization legal system of integrated transportation administrative organs, formulating comprehensive transportation management law and perfecting traffic and transportation industry law and so on. Finally, the paper puts forward the concrete conception of promoting the integrated transportation management mechanism in stages. The basic structural model of the central transportation administration organization system is divided into three stages: the transition scheme, the establishment of the National Transportation decision Coordination and Management Committee, the formation of a cooperative management mechanism for information sharing and communication between regulatory bodies; In the medium-term plan, the Ministry of Railways will be incorporated into the Ministry of Transport, and a large Ministry of Transport will be established to achieve the unified management and coordination of national railways, highways, waterways, aviation, pipelines, urban traffic, traffic safety, and so on; Long-term plan, the establishment of Ministry of Land and Transportation Construction, overall land development, transportation and construction of the unified management. The basic structure of local transportation administration organization system is "horizontal" and "vertical" characteristics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.296;F512

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