【摘要】：交通運(yùn)輸對(duì)于石油產(chǎn)品的消耗造成的空氣污染已成為我國(guó)城市及區(qū)域霧霾成分的重要來(lái)源.價(jià)格是調(diào)整供需的主要手段,且具有不對(duì)稱性,研究石油產(chǎn)品價(jià)格變動(dòng)對(duì)交通需求的不對(duì)稱影響效應(yīng)具有實(shí)際意義.基于此,本文通過(guò)價(jià)格分解模型,將中國(guó)、日本、美國(guó)的汽油和柴油價(jià)格分解為三部分,探討其對(duì)各國(guó)客運(yùn)需求和貨運(yùn)需求的非對(duì)稱性影響效應(yīng).實(shí)證分析結(jié)果表明:較高的油價(jià)到目前為止并未使中國(guó)的交通需求減少,而美國(guó)和日本的交通需求與價(jià)格均為負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系.日本交通需求受油價(jià)變化的影響并不顯著.中國(guó)和美國(guó)的客運(yùn)需求對(duì)于油價(jià)變化的非對(duì)稱性效應(yīng)均表現(xiàn)為價(jià)格恢復(fù)階段的影響最大,同時(shí),兩國(guó)的貨運(yùn)需求對(duì)于油價(jià)變化較客運(yùn)需求都更加敏感,但交通需求對(duì)油價(jià)變化的反應(yīng)與歷史價(jià)格相關(guān),美國(guó)消費(fèi)者對(duì)于價(jià)格上漲的預(yù)期與中國(guó)消費(fèi)者有很大的區(qū)別.
[Abstract]:Air pollution caused by the consumption of petroleum products by transportation has become an important source of haze in cities and regions of China. Price is the main means to adjust supply and demand and has asymmetry. It is of practical significance to study the asymmetric effect of petroleum product price change on traffic demand. Based on this, this paper divides the gasoline and diesel prices of China, Japan and the United States into three parts through the price decomposition model, and discusses the asymmetric effect of gasoline and diesel prices on the passenger demand and freight demand of various countries. The results of empirical analysis show that the high oil price has not reduced the transportation demand in China so far, while the transportation demand in the United States and Japan is negatively correlated with the price. Japan's transportation demand is not significantly affected by changes in oil prices. The asymmetric effect of passenger demand in China and the United States on the change of oil price is the largest in the stage of price recovery, and the freight demand of both countries is more sensitive to the change of oil price than the demand for passenger transport. But the response of transport demand to changes in oil prices is related to historical prices, and U.S. consumers' expectations of price rises differ significantly from those of Chinese consumers.
【作者單位】： 陜西師范大學(xué)國(guó)際商學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(71473155) 中央高�；究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)特別支持項(xiàng)目(14SZTZ03) 中國(guó)博士后科學(xué)基金特別資助項(xiàng)目(108633) 榆林市產(chǎn)學(xué)研合作項(xiàng)目(CXY12-2-10)
【分類號(hào)】：F512.5

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本文編號(hào)：2317629