【摘要】：我國高速鐵路的建設(shè)和運(yùn)營里程均位居世界第一,已成為象征國人驕傲的國家名片。相比于普通鐵路和高速公路等道路工程,高速鐵路施工由于施工難度大、涉及技術(shù)高給物資管理帶來了新的挑戰(zhàn),物資管理的優(yōu)劣對(duì)工程項(xiàng)目的質(zhì)量和施工成本有著重要的影響。鑒于此,本文對(duì)高速鐵路施工項(xiàng)目中的物資管理流程、評(píng)價(jià)方法、優(yōu)化方法等展開了研究,分析討論了高速鐵路中的物資管理問題和優(yōu)化問題。首先,總結(jié)了項(xiàng)目施工過程中的物資管理流程,研究了物資管理組織結(jié)構(gòu)、物資計(jì)劃、物資采辦以及重要材料的管理制度和方法,歸納了物資管理對(duì)工程施工的影響和現(xiàn)存管理方式的優(yōu)劣。指出物資管理貫穿于整個(gè)項(xiàng)目施工過程,必須加強(qiáng)物資管理的制度建設(shè)。其次,從質(zhì)量控制、成本控制和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制三個(gè)角度研究了施工項(xiàng)目中的物資管理評(píng)價(jià)方法,采用模糊評(píng)價(jià)法對(duì)供應(yīng)商進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià),獲取了材料價(jià)值較高的供應(yīng)商。結(jié)果表明,物資管理的評(píng)價(jià)應(yīng)當(dāng)綜合考慮質(zhì)量控制、成本控制以及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制,但模糊評(píng)價(jià)方法存在受主觀因素影響大等不足。然后,提出了改進(jìn)型差分進(jìn)化算法作為物資管理的優(yōu)化算法,并建立了相應(yīng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,使用C++語言編寫了優(yōu)化程序。結(jié)果表明,rand-to-best和best-to-rand差分算子結(jié)合自適應(yīng)控制參數(shù)后的算法對(duì)所有測(cè)試函數(shù)均有較高的成功率,并且前者能兼顧算法的成功率和計(jì)算效率。最后,發(fā)展了物資管理優(yōu)化模型,提出了物資管理優(yōu)化流程。以滬昆客運(yùn)專線云南段施工項(xiàng)目中的鋼筋采購為例,針對(duì)物資管理中的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)和供應(yīng)商的主要屬性,開展了物資管理優(yōu)化分析。結(jié)果表明,優(yōu)化模型能綜合權(quán)衡采購、運(yùn)輸、倉儲(chǔ)和回收等環(huán)節(jié)中的眾多因素,得出保證工程質(zhì)量和進(jìn)度并使得總成本最低的物資管理方案。優(yōu)化的備選供應(yīng)商數(shù)量越多,總成本越低,物資管理評(píng)價(jià)方法對(duì)優(yōu)化結(jié)果的影響越小,大幅減弱了人為主觀因素對(duì)優(yōu)化管理的影響。
[Abstract]:The construction and operation mileage of high-speed railway in China ranks first in the world, and has become the national business card that symbolizes the pride of Chinese people. Compared with other road projects, such as ordinary railways and highways, the construction of high-speed railways has brought new challenges to material management because of the difficulty of construction and the high technology involved. The quality of material management has an important impact on the quality and construction cost of the project. In view of this, this paper studies the material management flow, evaluation method and optimization method in the construction project of high-speed railway, and analyzes and discusses the material management problem and optimization problem in high-speed railway. First of all, it summarizes the material management process in the construction process of the project, studies the material management organization structure, the material plan, the material acquisition and the important material management system and the method. The influence of material management on engineering construction and the advantages and disadvantages of existing management methods are summarized. It is pointed out that material management runs through the whole construction process of the project, and the system construction of material management must be strengthened. Secondly, from three aspects of quality control, cost control and risk control, the evaluation method of material management in construction project is studied, and the supplier with high material value is obtained by using fuzzy evaluation method. The results show that quality control, cost control and risk control should be taken into account in the evaluation of material management. Then, the improved differential evolution algorithm is proposed as the optimization algorithm for material management, and the corresponding mathematical model is established, and the optimization program is written in C language. The results show that the algorithm with rand-to-best and best-to-rand difference operator combined with adaptive control parameters has a high success rate for all test functions, and the former can take into account the success rate and computational efficiency of the algorithm. Finally, the optimization model of material management is developed, and the optimization flow of material management is put forward. Taking the steel bar purchasing in the construction project of Yunnan section of Hu-Kun passenger dedicated line as an example, the optimization analysis of material management is carried out in view of the key links in material management and the main attributes of suppliers. The results show that the optimization model can balance many factors in procurement, transportation, storage and recovery, and obtain the material management scheme which can ensure the quality and schedule of the project and make the total cost lowest. The more the number of alternative suppliers is, the lower the total cost is, and the less the impact of material management evaluation method on the optimization results is, which greatly weakens the influence of human subjective factors on the optimization management.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石家莊鐵道大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F251;F532.3

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