【摘要】：出租車行業(yè)是城市公共交通體系的重要組成部分,其公益性質(zhì)注定需要政府的合理管制；出租車行業(yè)經(jīng)營的特點(diǎn)又決定了該行業(yè)需要引入私人主體參與市場競爭。因此,出租車經(jīng)營權(quán)的性質(zhì)定位顯得十分重要。長期以來,國內(nèi)出租車行業(yè)所暴露出來的諸多問題均與出租車經(jīng)營權(quán)的定位混亂有關(guān)。出租車經(jīng)營權(quán)從政府許可的角度來說是行政許可權(quán)；從經(jīng)營者的角度來講,具有一定的私權(quán)屬性。因此,出租車經(jīng)營權(quán)兼具公權(quán)與私權(quán)的雙重屬性,兼受公法與私法的雙重調(diào)整。出租車經(jīng)營權(quán)的雙重屬性決定了其性質(zhì)定位的困難。如何處理政府宏觀調(diào)控與市場主體自由競爭之間的關(guān)系是處理出租車行業(yè)絕大多數(shù)問題的關(guān)鍵。政府對出租車經(jīng)營權(quán)的數(shù)量管制人為創(chuàng)立了稀缺的制度資源,在分配經(jīng)營權(quán)資源時政府又通過歧視性的主體管制限制個人主體的進(jìn)入,出租車行業(yè)因此而走向混亂。如今,政府部門已經(jīng)積重難返,無從下手去協(xié)調(diào)出租車行業(yè)各相關(guān)主體之間的利益分配,長期以來的罷運(yùn)事件頻發(fā)正表明政府管制的失控。因此,當(dāng)務(wù)之急需要處理好政府管制與市場調(diào)節(jié)的關(guān)系,政府唯有放松對出租車經(jīng)營權(quán)的管制,引入競爭機(jī)制才是有效解決出租車行業(yè)痼疾的良方。當(dāng)然,出租車行業(yè)政府管制與市場調(diào)節(jié)的權(quán)限劃分離不開法律制度的制約,完善出租車經(jīng)營權(quán)的法律制度是出租車行業(yè)健康有序發(fā)展的前提。
[Abstract]:Taxi industry is an important part of the urban public transport system, and its commonweal nature is destined to require reasonable government regulation, and the characteristics of taxi industry management determine the need to introduce private subjects to participate in market competition. Therefore, the nature of taxi management right positioning is very important. For a long time, many problems exposed by domestic taxi industry are related to the confusion of taxi management right. From the angle of government license, taxi management right is administrative license right, and from operator's point of view, it has certain private right attribute. Therefore, the taxi management right has the dual attribute of public right and private right, and is regulated by public law and private law. The double attribute of taxi management right determines the difficulty of its nature orientation. How to deal with the relationship between government macro-control and free competition is the key to deal with most problems in taxi industry. The government has created scarce institutional resources for the quantity control of taxi management right, and the government restricts the entry of individual subject through discriminatory subject control, which leads to chaos in taxi industry. Now, the government has accumulated for a long time is not easy to solve, there is no way to coordinate the taxi industry between the interests of the various stakeholders, the frequent occurrence of long-term strikes is a sign of government control out of control. Therefore, it is urgent to deal with the relationship between government regulation and market regulation. The only way for the government to effectively solve the chronic problems of taxi industry is to relax the control of taxi management right and introduce competition mechanism. Of course, the limits of authority of government regulation and market regulation of taxi industry can not be separated from the restriction of legal system. Perfecting the legal system of taxi management right is the premise of the healthy and orderly development of taxi industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F572.88;D922.29

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