發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-17 01:18

【摘要】：截止2012年，中國(guó)已第四次成為世界上最大的汽車產(chǎn)銷國(guó)，其中乘用車的產(chǎn)銷量首次突破了1500萬(wàn)輛。隨著乘用車市場(chǎng)的快速發(fā)展，其市場(chǎng)上的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)也日趨激烈。為了獲得更多的利潤(rùn)空間，越來(lái)越多的汽車企業(yè)將目光放在了企業(yè)的第三利潤(rùn)源泉——乘用車整車物流上。目前國(guó)內(nèi)乘用車整車運(yùn)輸中有85%以上采用公路運(yùn)輸，乘用車運(yùn)輸呈現(xiàn)運(yùn)輸方式單一、運(yùn)輸批量小、往返運(yùn)量不均衡等特點(diǎn)，這些共同作用導(dǎo)致了乘用車整車運(yùn)輸成本高昂的現(xiàn)狀。相較于歐美、日韓的乘用車運(yùn)輸水平，中國(guó)在乘用車整車運(yùn)輸方面還存在著很大的改進(jìn)空間。 多式聯(lián)運(yùn)因在成本和管理方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)，近年來(lái)在很多領(lǐng)域得到了推廣和應(yīng)用。通過(guò)將不同運(yùn)輸方式有機(jī)地結(jié)合起來(lái)，多式聯(lián)運(yùn)能充分發(fā)揮各種運(yùn)輸方式的優(yōu)勢(shì)，因此，將多式聯(lián)運(yùn)應(yīng)用到乘用車整車運(yùn)輸上可能成為降低乘用車物流成本的有效措施�；谶@一思想，本文構(gòu)建了乘用車整車運(yùn)輸?shù)某杀灸Ｐ�，并�?yīng)用實(shí)際案例驗(yàn)證了乘用車多式聯(lián)運(yùn)方案的經(jīng)濟(jì)性。 然而，目前國(guó)內(nèi)乘用車運(yùn)輸批量小和往返運(yùn)量不均衡的特點(diǎn)，嚴(yán)重地制約著乘用車多式聯(lián)運(yùn)方案的開(kāi)展。軸輻式網(wǎng)絡(luò)因能提高運(yùn)輸效率、優(yōu)化資源配置而被廣泛應(yīng)用于集裝箱海運(yùn)、包裹快遞、旅游等領(lǐng)域。國(guó)內(nèi)乘用車運(yùn)輸?shù)倪@一現(xiàn)狀可以通過(guò)構(gòu)建軸輻式網(wǎng)絡(luò)得到改善。本文基于以上分析，建立了乘用車軸輻式物流網(wǎng)絡(luò)成本模型，闡述了禁忌搜索算法對(duì)模型求解的思路，并通過(guò)算例展示了算法的實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程。算例的結(jié)果表明乘用車的軸輻式物流網(wǎng)絡(luò)更具成本優(yōu)勢(shì)。 本文的研究為乘用車運(yùn)輸承運(yùn)人進(jìn)行運(yùn)輸方案的選擇和運(yùn)輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)的規(guī)劃提供依據(jù)，同時(shí)結(jié)合實(shí)際算例對(duì)模型進(jìn)行分析，，豐富了相關(guān)的實(shí)證研究，具有良好的理論和實(shí)際意義。
[Abstract]:By 2012, China had become the world's largest car producer and marketer for the fourth time, with passenger car sales exceeding 15 million for the first time. With the rapid development of passenger car market, the competition in the market is becoming increasingly fierce. In order to gain more profit space, more and more automobile enterprises focus on the third profit source-passenger vehicle logistics. At present, more than 85% of the domestic passenger vehicle transportation uses road transportation. Passenger vehicle transportation is characterized by a single mode of transport, small volume of transport, uneven volume of round-trip transportation, etc. These combined actions lead to the high cost of passenger vehicle transportation. Compared with Europe and America, the level of passenger car transportation in Japan and South Korea, there is still a lot of room for improvement in passenger vehicle transport in China. Multimodal transport has been popularized and applied in many fields in recent years because of its advantages in cost and management. By organically combining different modes of transport, multimodal transport can give full play to the advantages of various modes of transport. Therefore, the application of multimodal transport to passenger vehicle transportation may become an effective measure to reduce the cost of passenger vehicle logistics. Based on this idea, the cost model of passenger vehicle transportation is constructed, and the economy of passenger car multimodal transport scheme is verified by practical cases. However, the characteristics of domestic passenger vehicle transport volume is small and the volume of commuter transportation is not balanced, which seriously restricts the development of passenger vehicle multimodal transport scheme. The axis-spoke network is widely used in container shipping, package express, tourism and so on because it can improve transportation efficiency and optimize resource allocation. The present situation of passenger car transportation in China can be improved through the construction of axle and spoke network. Based on the above analysis, the cost model of passenger car axis-spoke logistics network is established, the train of thought of Tabu search algorithm to solve the model is expounded, and the realization process of the algorithm is demonstrated by an example. The results show that the axle and spoke logistics network of passenger cars has more cost advantages. The research in this paper provides the basis for the choice of the transport scheme and the planning of the transport network for passenger vehicle transport carriers. At the same time, the model is analyzed with practical examples, which enriches the relevant empirical research and has good theoretical and practical significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F426.471;F512.4

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