【摘要】：中國(guó)是世界上最大的煙花爆竹生產(chǎn)國(guó)和出口國(guó),目前全世界使用的煙花爆竹90%是中國(guó)制造的,出口國(guó)外的煙花通過水路運(yùn)輸方式出口占98%,水路運(yùn)輸又以集裝箱運(yùn)輸為主。我國(guó)出口煙花爆竹主要有南北兩條傳統(tǒng)的出口通道,其中南通道以香港港為干線港,北線通道以上海港為干線港。2008年廣東全面禁止煙花出口運(yùn)輸業(yè)務(wù)之后,煙花出口遇到很大的運(yùn)輸瓶頸,上海港出口煙花的壓力大大增加,成了煙花出口主要通道。為解決煙花爆竹南通道出口難題,2011年1月,在中外運(yùn)總公司、廣西自治區(qū)政府、梧州市政府及國(guó)務(wù)院有關(guān)部委的支持下,廣西梧州中外運(yùn)倉(cāng)碼有限公司取得煙花運(yùn)輸專業(yè)資質(zhì),2010年8月開始承接船舶載運(yùn)煙花爆竹運(yùn)輸業(yè)務(wù)。梧州港出口的煙花爆竹大部分通過陸路運(yùn)輸?shù)轿嘀?再通過船舶運(yùn)輸?shù)较愀?然后運(yùn)至世界各地。煙花爆竹在《國(guó)際危規(guī)》中被列為第1類危險(xiǎn)品-易燃易爆的物品,煙花爆竹爆炸事故時(shí)有發(fā)生,船舶載運(yùn)煙花爆竹存在很大的危險(xiǎn)性和不確定性。同時(shí)梧州港開展船載煙花爆竹業(yè)務(wù)相對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)其他幾個(gè)主要港口起步較晚,在安全監(jiān)管方面梧州港基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施薄弱,缺少管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)和專業(yè)人才,這給梧州港的水上監(jiān)管帶來了新的難題和挑戰(zhàn)。 本文通過分析目前梧州港在船載煙花爆竹方面存在的問題,借鑒歐美國(guó)家危險(xiǎn)品運(yùn)輸管理的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn),利用公共安全管理理論尋求管理對(duì)策,總結(jié)出符合梧州港船舶載運(yùn)煙花爆竹切實(shí)可行的管理手段,建立梧州港船舶載運(yùn)煙花爆竹的長(zhǎng)效監(jiān)管機(jī)制,保證煙花爆竹的運(yùn)輸安全,避免重特大事故的發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:China is the largest producer and exporter of fireworks and firecrackers in the world. At present, 90% of the fireworks used in the world are made in China. There are two traditional export channels for fireworks and firecrackers in China, including the Hong Kong port as the main route port in the southern corridor and the port above the northern line as the trunk port. After Guangdong banned all fireworks export transportation business in 2008, Fireworks export encountered a big transportation bottleneck, the pressure of Shanghai port fireworks export increased greatly, became the main channel of fireworks export. In order to solve the problem of exporting fireworks and firecrackers in the South Corridor, in January 2011, with the support of the China Foreign Transportation Corporation, the Guangxi Autonomous region Government, the Wuzhou City Government and the relevant ministries and commissions of the State Council, Guangxi Wuzhou Sinotrans Warehouse Code Co., Ltd. has obtained professional qualification for fireworks transportation. In August 2010, it began to carry fireworks and firecrackers transport business. Most of the fireworks exported from Wuzhou port are transported to Wuzhou by land, then by ship to Hong Kong and then to the rest of the world. Fireworks and firecrackers are classified as the first kind of dangerous goods-flammable and explosive objects in the International regulations. Fireworks explosion accidents occur from time to time, and there is great danger and uncertainty in carrying fireworks and firecrackers on board ships. At the same time, Wuzhou Port started its shipborne fireworks and firecrackers business relatively late compared with other major ports in the country. In terms of safety supervision, the infrastructure of Wuzhou Port is weak, and it lacks management experience and professional personnel. This brings new problems and challenges to the water supervision of Wuzhou Port. Based on the analysis of the problems existing in Wuzhou Port in the field of shipborne fireworks and firecrackers, this paper draws lessons from the advanced experience of dangerous goods transportation management in Europe and the United States, and makes use of the theory of public safety management to seek management countermeasures. This paper summarizes the practical management means of carrying fireworks and firecrackers by ships in Wuzhou Port, and establishes a long-term supervision mechanism for carrying fireworks and firecrackers on ships in Wuzhou Port, so as to ensure the transportation safety of fireworks and to avoid the occurrence of serious and serious accidents.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D63;F552.6

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