本文選題：城市公交 + 財政補(bǔ)貼　； 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著城市化進(jìn)程的加快,城市交通擁堵以及城市污染問題日益嚴(yán)重,優(yōu)先發(fā)展城市公共交通則成為現(xiàn)階段保障城市健康運(yùn)行的重要環(huán)節(jié)。城市公共交通具有運(yùn)載量大、運(yùn)送效率高、能耗污染少、運(yùn)輸成本低等優(yōu)點,為維持公交行業(yè)的生存發(fā)展,政府必須要對公交企業(yè)進(jìn)行財政補(bǔ)貼,而有效合理的補(bǔ)貼方法能夠促進(jìn)公交行業(yè)迅猛發(fā)展,使公共交通行業(yè)步入良性發(fā)展的軌道,同時實現(xiàn)社會整體公益性。 本文正是基于此,對城市公交補(bǔ)貼方法進(jìn)行探討。首先分析了城市公交正外部性、準(zhǔn)公共物品性、競爭性、公益性以及管制性等方面的特性,并對城市公交補(bǔ)貼進(jìn)行了經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論模型分析。另外,對國內(nèi)外一些城市公交補(bǔ)貼方法進(jìn)行比較分析和探討以期總結(jié)出成功補(bǔ)貼經(jīng)驗。國外以倫敦、巴黎、東京、庫里蒂巴為分析對象；國內(nèi)則主要分析香港、臺灣、深圳、上海四個城市,分析和比較了8個城市補(bǔ)貼方法的異同,指出政府財政補(bǔ)貼最根本目的是為了更好得促使公交企業(yè)為乘客提供更優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù),而公交企業(yè)服務(wù)質(zhì)量的高低直接反應(yīng)在乘客對公交服務(wù)滿意度大小上面。然后,基于委托-代理理論,對城市公交補(bǔ)貼進(jìn)行分析。對政府、公交企業(yè)、乘客之間的二級委托代理關(guān)系進(jìn)行了描述,并著重研究了政府和公交企業(yè)之間的委托代理模型,分析了由于信息不對稱產(chǎn)生的代理成本比信息對稱時的代理成本大�；诖宋写砟Ｐ�,引入乘客滿意度變量,得出在信息不對稱時引入乘客滿意度變量的代理成本小于未引入變量時的代理成本,得出乘客滿意度的考量有利于公交補(bǔ)貼機(jī)制的優(yōu)化的結(jié)論。最后,提出了我國城市公交補(bǔ)貼的完善建議。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization, urban traffic congestion and urban pollution are becoming more and more serious. The priority to develop urban public transport has become an important link to ensure the healthy operation of the city at this stage. Urban public transport has the advantages of large transportation capacity, high transport efficiency, less energy pollution, low transportation cost and so on. In order to maintain the survival and development of the public transport industry, the government must subsidize the public transport enterprises. The effective and reasonable subsidy method can promote the rapid development of the public transport industry, make the public transport industry into the track of healthy development, and realize the public welfare of the whole society at the same time. Based on this, this paper discusses the subsidy method of urban public transport. Firstly, the characteristics of positive externality, quasi-public goods, competition, public welfare and regulation of urban public transport are analyzed, and the economic model of urban transit subsidy is analyzed. In addition, some methods of bus subsidy at home and abroad are compared and discussed in order to sum up the experience of successful subsidy. Foreign countries take London, Paris, Tokyo and Curitiba as the objects of analysis. In China, they mainly analyze the four cities of Hong Kong, Taiwan, Shenzhen and Shanghai, and analyze and compare the similarities and differences of the subsidy methods in eight cities. It is pointed out that the basic purpose of the government financial subsidy is to promote the public transport enterprises to provide better service for the passengers, while the service quality of the public transport enterprises is directly reflected in the degree of satisfaction of the passengers to the public transport services. Then, based on the principal-agent theory, the subsidy of urban public transport is analyzed. The second level principal-agent relationship among government, public transport enterprise and passenger is described, and the principal-agent model between government and public transportation enterprise is studied emphatically. This paper analyzes that the agent cost caused by asymmetric information is higher than that caused by information asymmetry. Based on this principal-agent model, passenger satisfaction variables are introduced, and the agent cost of introducing passenger satisfaction variables in asymmetric information is lower than that without variables. The conclusion is that the consideration of passenger satisfaction is beneficial to the optimization of bus subsidy mechanism. Finally, the paper puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the subsidy of urban transit in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F812.45;F572

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

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本文編號：1889866