本文選題：高速公路　切入點(diǎn)：收費(fèi)合理性　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：伴隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)和交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)的進(jìn)步，我國高速公路事業(yè)也取得了較快的發(fā)展。目前我國單靠政府財(cái)政投資無法從根本上解決公路建設(shè)資金問題，，因此，通過收取高速公路通行費(fèi)來建設(shè)公路的方式已被社會(huì)各界所接納。但是，隨著時(shí)代的發(fā)展，社會(huì)各界對(duì)高速公路該不該收費(fèi)的爭議之聲一直未停止，而實(shí)踐中我國高速公路收費(fèi)體制出現(xiàn)了很多的問題，這也讓爭議變得更加激烈。本文從行政法的角度出發(fā)，結(jié)合管理學(xué)等其他學(xué)科的相關(guān)理論，參考現(xiàn)實(shí)中的多個(gè)案例，試著對(duì)高速公路收費(fèi)存在的問題進(jìn)行研究，并運(yùn)用行政法的手段進(jìn)行規(guī)制，最終得以有效解決問題，實(shí)現(xiàn)高速公路收費(fèi)的良性發(fā)展。 本文主體由以下五個(gè)部分構(gòu)成： 第一部分，問題的引出。本部分開篇直接指出當(dāng)前我國高速公路收費(fèi)存在眾多嚴(yán)峻的問題，并對(duì)主要問題進(jìn)行列舉。再結(jié)合當(dāng)前實(shí)踐中的一些案例，具體闡述一下高速公路收費(fèi)存在的一些主要問題，將問題引出，以便后文對(duì)高速公路收費(fèi)存在的問題進(jìn)行良性的規(guī)制。 第二部分，高速公路收費(fèi)的合理性。本部分論證了高速公路收費(fèi)是否應(yīng)取消這一現(xiàn)實(shí)爭論存在的原因，通過對(duì)高速公路收費(fèi)行為的法律地位和高速公路通行費(fèi)的法律性質(zhì)的探究，結(jié)合相關(guān)學(xué)科知識(shí)的判斷，肯定了現(xiàn)今中國高速公路收費(fèi)仍應(yīng)存在的合理性；同時(shí)，研究了高速公路收費(fèi)對(duì)中國社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)的作用，進(jìn)一步肯定了高速公路收費(fèi)仍應(yīng)在中國繼續(xù)的必然性。 第三部分，違規(guī)收費(fèi)的法律規(guī)制。本部分是本文的重點(diǎn)部分，首先是對(duì)當(dāng)前我國違規(guī)收費(fèi)現(xiàn)象這一高速公路收費(fèi)存在的重大問題的闡述，然后結(jié)合行政法的基礎(chǔ)理論，尋求消除違規(guī)收費(fèi)現(xiàn)象的有效措施。肯定了違規(guī)收費(fèi)的規(guī)制應(yīng)從行政機(jī)關(guān)和公眾兩方面力量的結(jié)合監(jiān)管，才能實(shí)現(xiàn)違規(guī)現(xiàn)象的消除。 第四部分，收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的合理確定。本部分也是本文的重點(diǎn)論證所在，將論述的焦點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移到了高速公路收費(fèi)存在的另一重大問題——收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的不規(guī)范上。首先是對(duì)收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)具體存在的問題進(jìn)行論證，然后將行政權(quán)的運(yùn)行納入到高速公路的收費(fèi)管理活動(dòng)中，以行政法的方法規(guī)制和調(diào)整高速公路的收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，使得收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)現(xiàn)規(guī)范化的目標(biāo)。 第五部分，結(jié)語。結(jié)語部分探究到了高速公路收費(fèi)存在眾多問題的根本原因就在于高速公路收費(fèi)管理的法律規(guī)范體系不健全，要求解決這一法律法規(guī)闕如的問題，實(shí)現(xiàn)高速公路事業(yè)的健康發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Along with the progress of science and technology and transportation industry, the highway industry in China has also made rapid development. At present, the government financial investment alone can not fundamentally solve the problem of highway construction funds. The way to build highways by collecting tolls has been accepted by all walks of life. However, with the development of the times, the controversy over whether highways should be charged has not stopped. In practice, there have been many problems in China's highway toll collection system, which has also made the controversy more intense. This paper, from the perspective of administrative law, and combining with the relevant theories of other disciplines such as management, refers to many cases in reality. This paper tries to study the problems existing in expressway toll collection, and uses the means of administrative law to regulate and solve the problem effectively and realize the benign development of expressway toll collection. The main body of this paper is composed of the following five parts:. The first part, the introduction of the problem. At the beginning of this part, the author points out directly that there are many severe problems in expressway toll collection in our country, and enumerates the main problems. This paper expounds some main problems in expressway toll collection, and draws out the problems, so as to regulate the existing problems of expressway toll collection in the following articles. The second part, the rationality of freeway toll. By probing into the legal status of expressway toll collection behavior and the legal nature of highway tolls, and combining with the judgment of relevant disciplines, this paper confirms the rationality of expressway toll collection in China today, and at the same time, This paper studies the effect of expressway toll on Chinese society and economy, and further confirms the inevitability that expressway toll should continue in China. The third part, the legal regulation of illegal toll. This part is the key part of this paper, first of all, the exposition of the phenomenon of illegal toll in our country, the existence of major problems in expressway toll, and then combined with the basic theory of administrative law. This paper seeks for effective measures to eliminate the phenomenon of illegal charging and affirms that the regulation of illegal charges should be regulated by the combination of administrative organs and public forces in order to realize the elimination of irregularities. Part 4th, reasonable determination of charging standard. This part is also the key point of this article. The focus of the discussion has been shifted to another major problem in expressway tolling, that is, the non-standard of the toll standard. First, it demonstrates the specific problems existing in the toll standard. Then the operation of administrative power is brought into the toll management of expressway, and the standard of toll is regulated and adjusted by the method of administrative law, which makes the standard of toll realize the goal of standardization. Part 5th, conclusion. The conclusion part explores the fundamental reason why there are many problems in expressway toll collection, which lies in the unsound legal standard system of expressway toll collection management, which requires the solution of this problem that is lacking in laws and regulations. To realize the healthy development of highway cause.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D922.296;F542

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