本文選題：內(nèi)河運輸　切入點：應(yīng)急物資　出處：《重慶交通大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：內(nèi)河航運是交通運輸體系的重要組成部分，因其成本低、運能大、能耗小等特點，在危險化學(xué)品運輸中應(yīng)用廣泛。隨著內(nèi)河危險化學(xué)品運輸量的持續(xù)增長，其安全問題逐漸凸顯出來。內(nèi)河危險化學(xué)品運輸應(yīng)急管理也因此受到政府和企業(yè)的高度重視。 內(nèi)河危險化學(xué)品運輸應(yīng)急管理主要包括事前防控和事后救援兩個方面。在事后救援中，應(yīng)急物資的儲備是確保救援效率的前提。本文以長江上游重慶段危險化學(xué)品水路運輸為背景，在對重慶危險化學(xué)品運輸企業(yè)、港口及碼頭實地調(diào)研的基礎(chǔ)上，將一般應(yīng)急物資儲備管理的理論和方法運用到內(nèi)河危險化學(xué)品運輸應(yīng)急物資的儲備管理中，結(jié)合內(nèi)河危險化學(xué)品運輸應(yīng)急物資的特點，研究了內(nèi)河危險化學(xué)品運輸應(yīng)急物資的儲備策略問題。 首先，運用層次分析與聚類分析相結(jié)合的方法對內(nèi)河危險化學(xué)品運輸應(yīng)急物資進行儲備分類。根據(jù)內(nèi)河危險化學(xué)品運輸應(yīng)急物資的特點，建立了儲備分類的評價指標體系，在運用層次分析法確定指標權(quán)重值的基礎(chǔ)上，利用聚類分析法對應(yīng)急物資進行聚類分析，并通過聚類有效性函數(shù)確定應(yīng)急物資的最終分類方案。 其次，將（S，s）模型運用到內(nèi)河危險化學(xué)品運輸應(yīng)急物資儲備管理中，建立了內(nèi)河危險化學(xué)品運輸應(yīng)急物資儲備管理模型。在需求呈負指數(shù)分布的條件下，建立了考慮訂購成本、庫存成本、缺貨成本和過期成本的（S，s）模型，求出了最大庫存S，利用朗伯W函數(shù)得出了安全庫存s的表達式。在此基礎(chǔ)上，對最大庫存與安全庫存模型中各參數(shù)的敏感性進行了仿真分析，結(jié)果表明內(nèi)河危險化學(xué)品運輸應(yīng)急物資最大庫存與安全庫存均受缺貨損失、庫存持有成本、過期損失、過期率的影響，訂購成本只對安全庫存有影響。 再次，在儲備量已知的情況下，考慮供應(yīng)商與儲備方聯(lián)合回購，，建立了內(nèi)河危險化學(xué)品運輸應(yīng)急物資有效期管理的線性規(guī)劃模型，確定了采取報廢處理與折價處理策略的條件，以及采取折價處理時的折價處理周期。通過對模型中各參數(shù)的仿真分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)缺貨損失不影響內(nèi)河危險化學(xué)品運輸應(yīng)急物資的有效期管理，單位庫存持有成本影響有效期管理方式的選擇，但對折價處理周期無影響，折價處理周期對采購價格與折扣價格的敏感性最強。 最后，結(jié)合實地調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù)，以A化工碼頭為例，對內(nèi)河危險化學(xué)品運輸應(yīng)急物資儲備管理策略進行了實證分析，驗證了模型的有效性。
[Abstract]:Inland water transportation is an important part of transportation system, because of its low cost, large capacity and low energy consumption, it is widely used in the transportation of dangerous chemicals. The emergency management of inland dangerous chemicals transportation has been attached great importance by the government and enterprises. The emergency management for the transportation of dangerous chemicals in inland rivers mainly includes two aspects: prevention and control in advance and rescue after the event. The reserve of emergency materials is the premise to ensure the rescue efficiency. This paper takes the waterway transportation of dangerous chemicals in Chongqing section of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River as the background, based on the field investigation of Chongqing dangerous chemical transportation enterprises, ports and wharves. The theory and method of general emergency material reserve management are applied to the storage management of inland water dangerous chemicals transportation emergency materials, and combined with the characteristics of inland water dangerous chemicals transportation emergency materials, In this paper, the storage strategy of emergency materials for the transportation of dangerous chemicals in inland rivers is studied. Firstly, the method of combining hierarchical analysis and cluster analysis is used to classify the emergency materials for the transportation of dangerous chemicals in inland rivers. According to the characteristics of the emergency materials for transportation of dangerous chemicals in inland rivers, the evaluation index system of reserve classification is established. Based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the weight of the index, the cluster analysis method is used to analyze the emergency materials, and the final classification scheme of the emergency materials is determined by the clustering validity function. Secondly, the model is applied to the storage management of emergency materials for the transportation of dangerous chemicals in inland rivers, and the management model of emergency materials reserve for the transportation of dangerous chemicals in inland rivers is established. Under the condition of negative exponential distribution of demand, the order cost is taken into account. Based on the model of inventory cost, shortage cost and overdue cost, the maximum inventory S is obtained, and the expression of safe inventory s is obtained by using the Lambert W function. The sensitivity of each parameter in the model of maximum inventory and safe stock is simulated and analyzed. The results show that the maximum inventory and safety stock of emergency materials in inland water transportation are all due to stock shortage loss, inventory holding cost, overdue loss, etc. The effect of expiration rate, order cost only has an impact on safety inventory. Thirdly, considering the joint repurchase of suppliers and reserviors, a linear programming model for the period of validity of emergency materials for inland dangerous chemicals transportation is established under the condition of known reserves. The conditions of adopting scrap treatment and discount treatment strategy and the discount treatment period when adopting discount treatment are determined. The simulation analysis of each parameter in the model is carried out. It is found that the shortage loss does not affect the period of validity of the emergency materials for the transportation of dangerous chemicals in inland rivers, and the cost of holding unit stock affects the choice of the valid period management mode, but has no effect on the discount treatment cycle. Discount treatment cycle is the most sensitive to purchase price and discount price. Finally, based on the field investigation data and taking A chemical terminal as an example, the paper makes an empirical analysis on the emergency material reserve management strategy for the transportation of dangerous chemicals in inland rivers, and verifies the validity of the model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F552;F251;U695.292

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張自立;李向陽;張紫瓊;;基于生產(chǎn)能力共同儲備的政府和企業(yè)應(yīng)急經(jīng)費規(guī)劃模型[J];管理工程學(xué)報;2011年01期

2 王海軍;王婧;馬士華;杜麗敬;;模糊需求條件下應(yīng)急物資調(diào)度的動態(tài)決策研究[J];工業(yè)工程與管理;2012年03期

3 方偉;;突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急資源需求模型分析[J];安全;2012年08期

4 張永領(lǐng);;中國政府應(yīng)急物資的儲備模式研究[J];經(jīng)濟與管理;2011年02期

5 郭子雪;張強;;模糊聚類分析在突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急物資分類中應(yīng)用[J];計算機工程與應(yīng)用;2009年35期

6 田衛(wèi)東;趙利;;面向多層級出救點的應(yīng)急物資調(diào)度模型研究[J];計算機應(yīng)用研究;2011年11期

7 張毅;李金輝;和豪濤;;基于時效性目標的應(yīng)急物資庫存策略[J];武漢理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(交通科學(xué)與工程版);2010年04期

8 汪亮;解建倉;羅軍剛;;基于K均值聚類和LK算法的應(yīng)急物資調(diào)度[J];計算機工程與應(yīng)用;2012年21期

9 溫紅梅;于敬;;基于模糊綜合評價方法的我國金融企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新風(fēng)險的度量與實證[J];哈爾濱商業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2013年02期

10 郭均鵬;陳穎;李汶華;;一般分布區(qū)間型符號數(shù)據(jù)的K均值聚類方法[J];管理科學(xué)學(xué)報;2013年03期

本文編號：1579614