本文關鍵詞： 24小時規(guī)則 全球化 策略研究　出處：《大連海事大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：24小時規(guī)則(R24,Rule24hours)誕生于美國遭受“911”恐怖襲擊之后,作為美國政府提升國上安全防衛(wèi)級別的主要海關監(jiān)管規(guī)則。該規(guī)則以承運人在一國裝港的裝船前24小時以前,向另一國海關進行艙單預申報,獲準后才能裝船為核心業(yè)務形態(tài)。近十年以來,24小時規(guī)則已經(jīng)從最初的美國一國反恐需要,逐漸被越來越多的國家認可,并通過國際海關組織成員國的推動,在全球貿(mào)易安全與便利的框架下,越來越明顯地呈現(xiàn)出全球化的趨勢。24小時規(guī)則的全球化,已經(jīng)并將繼續(xù)對全球集裝箱海運業(yè)務以及集裝箱承運人的經(jīng)營活動帶來深遠影響。 C公司作為國有的集裝箱海運全球承運人,十年來一直積極應對各國海關24小時規(guī)則的申報要求。但是,由于24小時報關規(guī)則是逐漸發(fā)展變化的新生事物,使得C公司的應對過程中難以提前預判其全球化的趨勢,從而造成了企業(yè)在應對24小時規(guī)則全球化過程中出現(xiàn)了諸多困難和潛在的業(yè)務風險。 本文從24小時規(guī)則的概念、全球化趨勢的形成、對集裝箱海運行業(yè)的影響、主要監(jiān)管重點、以及集裝箱承運人應對24小時規(guī)則的主要模式入手,以C公司作為研究對象,運用SWOT分析法,從組織保障和信息系統(tǒng)能力兩方面,通過問題診斷,確定了導致C公司應對24小時規(guī)則全球化趨勢進入困境的七個方面問題：一是組織體系不完整；二是職能定位不清晰；三是業(yè)務支持體系不健全；四是核心系統(tǒng)R24申報功能缺乏頂層設計,國家級功能個性化過度；五是內(nèi)部申報數(shù)據(jù)流的不優(yōu)化；六是缺乏多海關申報場景下的綜合申報狀態(tài)判斷輔助能力；七是與海關間數(shù)據(jù)交互方式陳舊單一。 基于問題診斷的結果,本文根據(jù)24小時規(guī)則全球化的發(fā)展趨勢、C公司的實際情況和應對需求,提出C公司應采取“梳理規(guī)則、配置全球”的應對策略�；谠摬呗�,從組織保障和信息系統(tǒng)能力兩方面,對診斷確定的七個方面的具體問題,分別提出具有較強針對性和操作性的對策,以期使C公司在未來應對24小時規(guī)則全球化的過程中,能擺脫目前的困境,規(guī)避潛在的風險,實現(xiàn)統(tǒng)籌管理、頂層設計、集約應對和高效實施,更好地保障C公司全球集裝箱海運業(yè)務的開展。
[Abstract]:The 24 hour rule (R24, Rule24hours) was born in the United States suffered after the "911" terrorist attacks, as in the security level of the main customs supervision rules of the American government to improve the rules. As a carrier in a country at the loading port before shipment 24 hours before, to manifest pre declaration to the customs of another country, approved only after shipment as the core business form. Over the past ten years, the 24 hour rule has needs from the initial United States counter-terrorism, gradually recognized by more and more countries, and through the promotion of international customs organization members, in the global trade security and facilitation framework, more and more clearly shows the trend of globalization.24 hour rule globalization has been and will continue to have a profound impact on the global container shipping business and container carrier operations.
C company is a state-owned global container shipping carrier, reporting requirements for ten years has been actively respond to national customs rules. But 24 hours, 24 hours due to customs rules is a new phenomenon of gradual change and development, has made the response to C is in the process of difficult to predict in advance the global trend, resulting in the emergence of enterprises many difficulties and potential business risks in response to the 24 hour rule in the process of globalization.
In this paper, the concept from the 24 hour rule, the formation of the trend of globalization, influence on container shipping industry, the main focus of supervision, starting with the main mode and container carrier should be 24 hour rule, taking C company as the research object, using the SWOT analysis method, from two aspects of organization and information system capabilities, the problem of diagnosis, determine the seven problems lead to the trend of C company against the 24 hour rule into the plight of Globalization: one is the organization system is not complete; the two is the function of positioning is not clear; the three is the business support system is not perfect; the four is the core function of R24 system to declare the lack of top-level design, national features personalized excessive; five is the internal data stream does not declare optimization; six is aided by the ability to declare the state lack of comprehensive judgment of customs declaration scenarios; and the seven is a method of data exchange between the single old customs.
Based on the results of diagnosis, according to the development trend of the 24 hour rule of globalization, the actual situation and respond to the needs of C company, the C company should take "combing rules, configuration global" strategies. Based on the strategy, organization and information system capabilities from two aspects, on the seven aspects of the specific problem diagnosis sure, put forward with strong pertinence and operability countermeasures, in order to C in the future to deal with the 24 hour rule in the process of globalization, to get rid of the dilemma, to avoid potential risks, to achieve the overall management, top layer design, with intensive and efficient implementation, to better protect the global container shipping company C to carry out the business.

【學位授予單位】：大連海事大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F552.6

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本文編號：1538256