本文關(guān)鍵詞： 鐵路客流 距離衰減系數(shù) 重力模型參數(shù) 空間分布 中國　出處：《地理科學(xué)進(jìn)展》2014年12期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：重力模型是重要的空間相互作用模型,已經(jīng)在相關(guān)研究和實(shí)踐中得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。在重力模型應(yīng)用中,結(jié)果對(duì)參數(shù)的敏感性較高,不同的參數(shù)設(shè)置就可能導(dǎo)致結(jié)果體系的巨大差異,故精確的參數(shù)是重力模型應(yīng)用的基礎(chǔ)。許多研究關(guān)注了重力模型參數(shù)的提取,但限于數(shù)據(jù)等因素,參數(shù)在空間上的差異性尚未得到充分的重視。本文采用2010年城市間鐵路客運(yùn)量作為城市間相互作用強(qiáng)度的反映,以城市市轄區(qū)居民總可支配收入作為城市的"質(zhì)量",刻畫城市本身的吸引力,進(jìn)而通過回歸分析考察重力模型的參數(shù)結(jié)果;并結(jié)合地理信息系統(tǒng)的空間插值工具,分析重力模型中各個(gè)參數(shù)的空間差異并得到可視化結(jié)果。相比于既有研究,本文在變量選取中增加了城市間列車交流頻次這一變量,與平均運(yùn)行時(shí)間結(jié)合共同反映城市之間的"距離",使模型擬合結(jié)果得到較大改進(jìn)。結(jié)果表明,重力模型參數(shù)取值在空間上存在顯著差異,對(duì)不同區(qū)域使用統(tǒng)一的重力模型參數(shù)可能使結(jié)果出現(xiàn)較大偏差,因此將重力模型應(yīng)用到具體實(shí)踐中時(shí),不能忽略參數(shù)的空間異質(zhì)性。
[Abstract]:Gravity model is an important spatial interaction model, which has been widely used in relevant research and practice. In the application of gravity model, the results are highly sensitive to parameters. Different parameter settings may lead to great differences in the result system, so accurate parameters are the basis of gravity model application. Many studies have focused on the extraction of gravity model parameters, but limited to data and other factors. The spatial difference of the parameters has not been paid enough attention to. In this paper, the inter-city railway passenger volume is adopted as the reflection of the intensity of inter-city interaction in 2010. Taking the total disposable income of residents in urban districts as the "quality" of the city, this paper describes the attraction of the city itself, and then, through regression analysis, investigates the parameter results of the gravity model, and combines the spatial interpolation tool of the Geographic Information system (GIS). The spatial differences of the parameters in the gravity model are analyzed and the visualization results are obtained. Compared with the existing research, the variable of inter-city train alternating frequency is increased in the selection of variables. Combined with the average running time, the distance between cities is reflected and the fitting results of the model are improved greatly. The results show that there are significant differences between the parameters of the gravity model in space. The use of uniform gravity model parameters in different regions may lead to a large deviation of the results, so the spatial heterogeneity of the parameters can not be ignored when applying the gravity model to practical practice.
【作者單位】： 北京師范大學(xué)地理學(xué)與遙感科學(xué)學(xué)院;北京大學(xué)城市與環(huán)境學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2012BAJ22B05)
【分類號(hào)】：F532

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本文編號(hào)：1499818