本文選題：援助 + 教育政策　； 參考：《浙江師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：歐盟和非洲,自殖民時期起,便有著千絲萬縷的聯(lián)系。而非洲作為世界上發(fā)展中國家最多的區(qū)域,經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、文化條件的相對落后對于較為發(fā)達(dá)的歐洲來說,尤其是殖民和被殖民關(guān)系的牽引下,兩者在近現(xiàn)代歷史上就形成了牢固的援助體系。歐盟援助非洲的教育政策通過歷史方法梳理,在時間上分為四個階段。第一階段是殖民時期歷史關(guān)系下歐盟成員國對非洲國家的援助,這時期的教育援助相對較少,但也存在部分非洲國家希望教育立國強(qiáng)國和歐洲國家在殖民地通過傳教士傳播文化、文明的目的下興辦學(xué)校建立高等教育等情況。非洲國家在反殖民時期,各國即使獲得了獨立,但是依然離不開歐洲國家對其的援助政策。第二階段是歐共體時期教育援助更為政策化、制度化,在“聯(lián)系制度”階段、《雅溫得協(xié)定》階段、《洛美協(xié)定》階段到《科托努協(xié)定》階段的政治援助體系下,教育政策的國對國援助逐漸發(fā)展起來,并隨著歐共體的一體化和歐盟的成立走向集體實施援助。第三階段是歐盟正式成立后,援助非洲的教育政策與國際體系相呼應(yīng),更加重視非洲地區(qū)援助的相關(guān)教育政策。歐盟援助非洲教育政策的實施通過以雙邊援助為主,與多邊援助方式配合進(jìn)行；因而其成員國代表歐盟援助非洲的教育政策也是研究之重。配合千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)和全民教育運(yùn)動等全球性政策,歐盟在援助非洲教育政策上走向較為完整的政策體系,資金來源和審計方式有了保障,援助非洲的教育政策范圍廣、可靠性強(qiáng)。第四階段是隨著非洲聯(lián)盟的成立,歐盟援助非洲的教育政策發(fā)展為歐盟與非盟的合作的框架下進(jìn)行的,這一階段歐盟更推崇合作的形式進(jìn)行教育政策的援助,因而歐盟與非洲以合作的形式,提倡“兩個聯(lián)盟、一個視角”,兩個聯(lián)盟至今已分別在歐洲和非洲國家成功召開四次峰會,通過交流與合作方式,制定“非洲聯(lián)合歐盟戰(zhàn)略行動計劃”、兩個非洲教育的十年計劃等等。歐盟援助非洲教育政策持續(xù)時間長、援助范圍廣等,在未來發(fā)展的走勢上更強(qiáng)調(diào)合作與交流。秉持長久以來援助非洲、發(fā)展非洲的目的,在教育領(lǐng)域推行合作的方式,制定促進(jìn)教育質(zhì)量、教育公平、校際合作、高等教育合作等相關(guān)的教育政策。歐盟援助非洲教育政策的發(fā)展演變,長達(dá)50多年甚至更久的援助歷史,對21世紀(jì)中國或其他國家對非洲進(jìn)行教育政策方面的援助時,具有一定意義上的借鑒和啟示作用。
[Abstract]:The European Union and Africa have been inextricably linked since colonial times. And Africa is the region with the largest number of developing countries in the world. The relative backwardness of its economic, political and cultural conditions is especially driven by colonial and colonial relations for the more developed Europe. Both have formed a solid aid system in modern history. The European Union's educational policy on aid to Africa is sorted out through historical methods and is divided into four stages in time. The first stage was the assistance given to African countries by European Union member States under the historical relations of the colonial period, during which the aid for education was relatively small. However, some African countries hope to educate the powerful nations and the European countries to set up schools and establish higher education for the purpose of spreading culture and civilization through missionaries in the colonies. In the anti-colonial period, even though African countries gained independence, they still could not get away from European aid policy. The second stage is that educational aid is more policy-oriented and institutionalized during the European Community period, under the political aid system in the "linkage system" stage, the Yaound 茅 Agreement stage, the Lom 茅 Agreement stage to the "Cotonou Agreement" stage. State-to-country aid of education policy developed gradually, and with the integration of the European Community and the establishment of the European Union, the aid was carried out collectively. The third stage is that after the establishment of the European Union, the educational policy of aid to Africa is in line with the international system, and more attention is paid to the relevant educational policies of aid in Africa. The implementation of EU aid to Africa education policy is carried out mainly through bilateral aid and in coordination with multilateral aid, so the educational policy of EU member states on behalf of EU aid to Africa is also the focus of research. In line with global policies such as the Millennium Development goals and the Education for all campaign, the European Union has moved towards a more complete policy system on education policy in Africa, with funding sources and audit modalities guaranteed, and education policies for Africa in a wide range of areas. High reliability. The fourth stage was carried out within the framework of the cooperation between the European Union and the African Union, with the establishment of the African Union and the development of the European Union's education policy for Africa. In this stage, the European Union has more in favour of cooperation in the form of educational policy assistance. Thus, in the form of cooperation between the EU and Africa, the EU advocates "two coalitions, one angle of view." so far, the two coalitions have successfully held four summits in Europe and Africa, respectively, through exchanges and cooperation. Develop the United African Union Strategic Plan of Action, two ten-year plans for education in Africa and so on. The European Union's aid to Africa education policy lasts for a long time and has a wide range of aid, and it emphasizes cooperation and exchange in the future development trend. With the aim of assisting Africa and developing Africa for a long time, we should carry out cooperation in the field of education, and formulate educational policies that promote the quality of education, education equity, inter-school cooperation, and cooperation in higher education. The development and evolution of educational policy of EU aid to Africa has a history of aid for more than 50 years or more, and it has a certain significance of reference and inspiration to China or other countries in the 21st century in providing aid to Africa in terms of educational policy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G511

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