美國研究型大學專職科研隊伍建設(shè)研究及啟示
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-31 17:25
【摘要】：自1978年中國實施改革開放以來，我國對建立世界一流研究型大學的愿望越來越迫切，研究型大學對于提高科研人員研究能力、創(chuàng)造優(yōu)秀科研成果、建立科技創(chuàng)新型國家具有重要而深遠的意義。而作為研究型大學的中堅力量，專職科研隊伍的建設(shè)將會對研究型大學科研力量的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生至關(guān)重要的作用。一方面，在研究型大學建立一支優(yōu)秀的專職科研隊伍是建立創(chuàng)新型國家的外部需求；另一方面，在研究型大學建立一支優(yōu)秀的專職科研隊伍也是建設(shè)世界一流大學的內(nèi)部需求。 本文以美國三所研究型大學的（斯坦福大學、麻省理工學院、密西根大學）專職科研隊伍為主要研究對象，首先分析了三所大學專職科研隊伍建設(shè)的基本情況，從專職科研隊伍的規(guī)模、類型、聘任、管理和評價、薪酬體系這五部分對三所大學的專職科研隊伍作了具體探討。 其次分析了美國專職科研隊伍建設(shè)中的一個特例——博士后制度。總結(jié)概括了美國博士后制度的發(fā)展歷史和發(fā)展特點。 然后指出了我國研究型大學建立一支專職科研隊伍的必要性，分析了當前我國一些研究型大學專職科研隊伍的現(xiàn)狀，同時也對我國的博士后制度作了具體的分析和闡述，通過比較中美博士后制度發(fā)展的異同，提出了對于我國發(fā)展博士后制度的有益啟示。 最后一部分通過比較分析中美研究型大學在建立專職科研隊伍中的差異，提出了我國研究型大學建設(shè)專職科研隊伍的四點啟示：建立宏大的人才隊伍，為專職科研隊伍建設(shè)提供人才保證；建立科學的聘任制度，，為專職科研隊伍建設(shè)提供質(zhì)量保證；建立靈活的管理制度，為專職科研隊伍建設(shè)提供發(fā)展保證；建立充足的薪酬體系，為專職科研隊伍建設(shè)提供資金保證。
[Abstract]:Since China's reform and opening up in 1978, China's desire to establish world-class research universities has become more and more urgent. Research universities have made great efforts to improve the research ability of scientific researchers and to create excellent scientific research results. It is of great significance to establish an innovative country in science and technology. As the backbone of research universities, the construction of full-time research team will play an important role in the development of research universities. On the one hand, establishing an excellent full-time research team in a research university is the external demand of building an innovative country; on the other hand, establishing an excellent full-time research team in a research university is also the internal demand for building a world-class university. This paper takes the full-time research team of three American research universities (Stanford University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and University of Michigan) as the main research object, and analyzes the basic situation of the construction of the full-time research team in the three universities. From the scale, type, appointment, management and evaluation, salary system of the full-time scientific research team, the paper makes a concrete discussion on the full-time research team of the three universities. Secondly, it analyzes the post-doctoral system, which is a special case in the construction of full-time scientific research team in the United States. The development history and characteristics of the postdoctoral system in the United States are summarized. Then it points out the necessity of establishing a full-time research team in our country's research universities, analyzes the present situation of some research universities' full-time scientific research teams in our country, and at the same time makes a concrete analysis and elaboration of our country's postdoctoral system. By comparing the development of postdoctoral system between China and the United States, this paper puts forward some useful enlightenment for the development of postdoctoral system in China. In the last part, through the comparative analysis of the differences between Chinese and American research universities in the establishment of full-time scientific research teams, the author puts forward four enlightenments for China's research universities to build full-time research teams: to establish a large contingent of talented people. To provide talents guarantee for the construction of full-time scientific research team; Establish a scientific appointment system to provide quality assurance for the construction of full-time scientific research team, establish flexible management system, and provide development assurance for full-time scientific research team construction; Establish adequate compensation system to provide financial guarantee for the construction of full-time scientific research team.
【學位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G647
本文編號：2303026
[Abstract]:Since China's reform and opening up in 1978, China's desire to establish world-class research universities has become more and more urgent. Research universities have made great efforts to improve the research ability of scientific researchers and to create excellent scientific research results. It is of great significance to establish an innovative country in science and technology. As the backbone of research universities, the construction of full-time research team will play an important role in the development of research universities. On the one hand, establishing an excellent full-time research team in a research university is the external demand of building an innovative country; on the other hand, establishing an excellent full-time research team in a research university is also the internal demand for building a world-class university. This paper takes the full-time research team of three American research universities (Stanford University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and University of Michigan) as the main research object, and analyzes the basic situation of the construction of the full-time research team in the three universities. From the scale, type, appointment, management and evaluation, salary system of the full-time scientific research team, the paper makes a concrete discussion on the full-time research team of the three universities. Secondly, it analyzes the post-doctoral system, which is a special case in the construction of full-time scientific research team in the United States. The development history and characteristics of the postdoctoral system in the United States are summarized. Then it points out the necessity of establishing a full-time research team in our country's research universities, analyzes the present situation of some research universities' full-time scientific research teams in our country, and at the same time makes a concrete analysis and elaboration of our country's postdoctoral system. By comparing the development of postdoctoral system between China and the United States, this paper puts forward some useful enlightenment for the development of postdoctoral system in China. In the last part, through the comparative analysis of the differences between Chinese and American research universities in the establishment of full-time scientific research teams, the author puts forward four enlightenments for China's research universities to build full-time research teams: to establish a large contingent of talented people. To provide talents guarantee for the construction of full-time scientific research team; Establish a scientific appointment system to provide quality assurance for the construction of full-time scientific research team, establish flexible management system, and provide development assurance for full-time scientific research team construction; Establish adequate compensation system to provide financial guarantee for the construction of full-time scientific research team.
【學位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G647
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