【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,社會(huì)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)態(tài)勢(shì)趨于白熱化程度,不同群體在各自范圍內(nèi)承受著比以往更多的身心壓力,亞健康狀態(tài)的發(fā)生已經(jīng)成為全球人類中的普遍存在現(xiàn)象。作為國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的儲(chǔ)備力量和后備人才,高校學(xué)生的亞健康狀況嚴(yán)重影響著學(xué)生自身的成長(zhǎng)和發(fā)展,對(duì)社會(huì)的整體可持續(xù)發(fā)展也會(huì)產(chǎn)生內(nèi)在的制約作用。本研究采用文獻(xiàn)資料法、問卷調(diào)查法、數(shù)量統(tǒng)計(jì)法、邏輯分析法等方法對(duì)北京市26所重點(diǎn)高校(國(guó)家211工程院校)學(xué)生的亞健康狀況以及體育鍛煉情況進(jìn)行調(diào)查研究,在全面了解和掌握北京市重點(diǎn)高校學(xué)生亞健康狀況的基礎(chǔ)上,分析其形成亞健康狀態(tài)的原因；通過對(duì)體育預(yù)可行性的研究,從學(xué)生角度出發(fā),選擇相應(yīng)的體育干預(yù)內(nèi)容和方法。得出以下結(jié)論： 1、北京市重點(diǎn)高校學(xué)生的亞健康狀況比較普遍：1)北京市重點(diǎn)高校學(xué)生亞健康狀態(tài)發(fā)生率為67.98%,低于世界衛(wèi)生組織提出的75%的亞健康發(fā)生率；2)北京市重點(diǎn)高校學(xué)生的亞健康狀態(tài)呈現(xiàn)以下分布特征：女生的亞健康發(fā)生率略高于男生；大四學(xué)生的亞健康發(fā)生率在其他年級(jí)中位于首位；農(nóng)村學(xué)生的亞健康發(fā)生率高于城市學(xué)生；內(nèi)向型性格學(xué)生的亞健康發(fā)生率遠(yuǎn)高于外向型性格學(xué)生。 2、北京市重點(diǎn)高校學(xué)生亞健康狀態(tài)的成因由多方因素所致：1)學(xué)習(xí)生活因素：表現(xiàn)為課程設(shè)置較多,學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān)較重；學(xué)習(xí)生活壓力較大；飲食不規(guī)律,睡眠時(shí)間不足；過度上網(wǎng)等不良習(xí)慣及嗜好。2)社會(huì)環(huán)境因素：就業(yè)形勢(shì)嚴(yán)峻造成就業(yè)壓力較大；缺少人際活動(dòng)交往；家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)條件的客觀制約；生活環(huán)境污染較嚴(yán)重等社會(huì)環(huán)境所致。3)體育鍛煉因素：體育鍛煉的重要性認(rèn)識(shí)不夠;參與體育鍛煉的時(shí)間不足,運(yùn)動(dòng)頻率不充分。4)其他影響因素：先天性體質(zhì)遺傳；學(xué)生自我健康意識(shí)較低。 3、對(duì)亞健康學(xué)生群體進(jìn)行體育干預(yù)具有一定的有效性和可行性：1)體育鍛煉對(duì)亞健康具有生理、心理、社會(huì)適應(yīng)的整體效應(yīng)機(jī)制；2)體育鍛煉作為預(yù)防大學(xué)生亞健康最簡(jiǎn)單易行的方法,可以通過完善體育課程設(shè)置,多樣化體育項(xiàng)目教學(xué),改進(jìn)體育鍛煉方式等方法和途徑進(jìn)行干預(yù)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, the competitive situation of society tends to be white-hot. Different groups bear more physical and mental pressure than ever before, and the occurrence of sub-health has become a universal phenomenon in the world. As the reserve force and reserve talents of national economic sustainable development, the sub-health status of college students seriously affects the growth and development of students themselves, and will also have an inherent restriction on the overall sustainable development of society. In this study, the sub-health status and physical exercise of 26 key universities (national 211 engineering colleges) in Beijing were investigated by the methods of literature, questionnaire, quantity statistics, logic analysis and so on. On the basis of understanding and mastering the status of sub-health of the key university students in Beijing, this paper analyzes the reasons for the formation of the sub-health state, and selects the corresponding contents and methods of sports intervention from the point of view of the students through the study of the feasibility of physical education prefeasibility. The following conclusions are drawn: 1) the incidence of sub-health of key university students in Beijing is 67.98, which is lower than that of 75% proposed by the World Health Organization. 2) the sub-health status of key university students in Beijing shows the following characteristics: the incidence of sub-health of female students is slightly higher than that of male students, the incidence rate of sub-health of senior students is the first in other grades; The incidence of sub-health of rural students was higher than that of urban students. The incidence of sub-health of introverted students is much higher than that of extroverted personality students. Heavy burden of study; heavy pressure of study life; irregular diet, insufficient sleep time; excessive Internet surfing and other bad habits and hobbies. 2) Social environmental factors: severe employment situation resulted in greater employment pressure; lack of interpersonal activities; Objective restriction of family economic condition; social environment caused by serious pollution of living environment. 3) physical exercise factors: insufficient awareness of the importance of physical exercise, insufficient time for participation in physical exercise, Other influencing factors: congenital constitution heredity; Students' awareness of self-health is low. 3. Physical intervention on sub-healthy student groups is effective and feasible: 1) physical exercise has a physiological, psychological and social adaptation mechanism for sub-health; 2) physical exercise is the most simple and feasible method to prevent sub-health of college students. It can be interfered with by perfecting physical education curriculum, diversifying sports teaching, improving physical exercise methods and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京體育大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：G647.8;G807.4

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