本文選題：當(dāng)代 + 大學(xué)生��； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2012年博士論文

【摘要】：大學(xué)生是一個(gè)特殊的群體。他們既渴望成長,又面臨紛繁復(fù)雜的社會(huì),受著形形色色的世界觀、人生觀的影響。對(duì)于風(fēng)華正茂的大學(xué)生而言,信仰是人生的坐標(biāo)、精神的動(dòng)力。有了信仰,就有了應(yīng)對(duì)社會(huì)風(fēng)云巨變的思想武器。隨著社會(huì)的不斷進(jìn)步和新媒體的迅猛發(fā)展,各種思想文化也在加速融合,人們的意識(shí)形態(tài)、思想活動(dòng)和生活方式正經(jīng)歷著激烈動(dòng)蕩。在社會(huì)變遷背景下,雖然當(dāng)代中國大學(xué)生信仰的主流是積極、健康、向上的,但也有一部分大學(xué)生的信仰出現(xiàn)了危機(jī),主要表現(xiàn)在信仰的缺失、迷失、不堅(jiān)定,對(duì)社會(huì)主義的前途、命運(yùn)產(chǎn)生困惑,進(jìn)而對(duì)共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)以及對(duì)馬克思主義和共產(chǎn)主義的信念也不同程度地產(chǎn)生了動(dòng)搖。當(dāng)代大學(xué)生在現(xiàn)實(shí)環(huán)境中都會(huì)面臨著一些誘惑,處理不好,就會(huì)迷失方向,走入歧途,對(duì)于今后的人生產(chǎn)生重大影響。我們必須認(rèn)真分析中國大學(xué)生現(xiàn)有信仰體系的特點(diǎn)及社會(huì)影響因素,有的放矢地對(duì)大學(xué)生進(jìn)行科學(xué)的信仰教育,走出現(xiàn)在信仰教育的困境。關(guān)注大學(xué)生的信仰就是建設(shè)大學(xué)生的精神家園,這是一個(gè)漫長而溫柔的呵護(hù)過程,具有十分重要的意義。 本文的第一章介紹了當(dāng)代中國大學(xué)生信仰的一般理論分析,對(duì)信仰的內(nèi)涵、本質(zhì)、特征進(jìn)行了界定和分析。通過查閱資料進(jìn)行分類、進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)查等方法,發(fā)現(xiàn)大學(xué)生信仰的主要內(nèi)容為神靈宗教信仰、傳統(tǒng)道德與文化信仰、政治信仰和社會(huì)信仰。當(dāng)代大學(xué)生的信仰具有多元化內(nèi)容,有積極的信仰和消極的信仰之分,其信仰的功能性也具有積極功能和消極功能。如何取其精華、棄其糟粕,引導(dǎo)大學(xué)生科學(xué)信仰的選擇,充分認(rèn)識(shí)和發(fā)揮信仰在大學(xué)生中的積極功能,具有十分重要的意義。對(duì)大學(xué)生信仰的功能進(jìn)行研究發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)代大學(xué)生信仰具有個(gè)體功能和社會(huì)功能。個(gè)體功能體現(xiàn)在信仰對(duì)個(gè)體的精神統(tǒng)攝作用、信仰給人以強(qiáng)大的精神動(dòng)力、信仰對(duì)個(gè)體人格的塑造起決定性作用、信仰對(duì)個(gè)體行為的激勵(lì)與約束作用等。社會(huì)功能體現(xiàn)在信仰促進(jìn)社會(huì)主流價(jià)值觀的形成、信仰促進(jìn)社會(huì)全面進(jìn)步、信仰促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定、信仰具有政治激勵(lì)作用、信仰具有科學(xué)文化創(chuàng)造功能、信仰對(duì)社會(huì)的導(dǎo)向功能等。在社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型期社會(huì)信仰作為歷史文化的精髓有著不可或缺的重要功能。對(duì)于大學(xué)生而言,面對(duì)意識(shí)形態(tài)和經(jīng)濟(jì)等各方面的強(qiáng)烈沖擊,科學(xué)的信仰具有至關(guān)重要的作用。大學(xué)生具有堅(jiān)定的信仰可以在紛繁復(fù)雜的社會(huì)激變大潮中尋找到自己合適的坐標(biāo),并作為社會(huì)年輕的高層次的穩(wěn)定力量而起到中流砥柱的作用。在當(dāng)前社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型期大學(xué)生信仰的特殊功能體現(xiàn)為：可以為大學(xué)生精神文明提供新的信仰內(nèi)容體系、為大學(xué)生思想政治教育提供新的路徑載體、為大學(xué)生銳意創(chuàng)業(yè)提供新的實(shí)踐體驗(yàn)。信仰對(duì)大學(xué)生的行為有非常重要的影響。表現(xiàn)在信仰對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的影響、對(duì)交往的影響、對(duì)擇業(yè)的影響、對(duì)認(rèn)知的影響等各個(gè)方面。 本文采取理論和實(shí)證相結(jié)合的方法進(jìn)行研究,對(duì)當(dāng)代中國大學(xué)生信仰的調(diào)查分析分為問卷調(diào)查和訪談?wù){(diào)查兩種形式進(jìn)行。論文的第二章通過對(duì)當(dāng)代中國大學(xué)生信仰問題調(diào)查問卷和訪談情況分析,總結(jié)了當(dāng)代大學(xué)生信仰的現(xiàn)狀、特點(diǎn)及發(fā)展趨勢。其中針對(duì)當(dāng)代大學(xué)生信仰問題調(diào)查問卷設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了分析,包括調(diào)查對(duì)象、調(diào)查內(nèi)容和調(diào)查方法；在訪談?wù){(diào)查中針對(duì)訪談的對(duì)象、目的、內(nèi)容、方法等進(jìn)行了論述。根據(jù)問卷和訪談的結(jié)果,對(duì)當(dāng)代大學(xué)生信仰問題現(xiàn)狀調(diào)研的情況進(jìn)行分類統(tǒng)計(jì),分別是：當(dāng)代大學(xué)生信仰的基本情況、當(dāng)代大學(xué)生信仰觀念及信仰的影響力調(diào)研分析、當(dāng)代大學(xué)生在信仰的內(nèi)容和特性方面調(diào)研分析、當(dāng)代大學(xué)生在信仰的社會(huì)性方面調(diào)研分析和當(dāng)代大學(xué)生對(duì)信仰教育態(tài)度的調(diào)研分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)代中國大學(xué)生的信仰的現(xiàn)狀為：信仰體系更加開放化、信仰的內(nèi)容趨于世俗化、信仰的選擇更加透明化、信仰的傳播方式更加科技化、信仰的選擇更加透明化。根據(jù)對(duì)當(dāng)代大學(xué)生信仰的特點(diǎn)及原因分析總結(jié)出當(dāng)代大學(xué)生的信仰具有時(shí)代性特點(diǎn)、多元性特點(diǎn)和開放性特點(diǎn)。在問卷和訪談?wù){(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上,洞悉當(dāng)代大學(xué)生信仰發(fā)展趨勢,即全球化時(shí)代大學(xué)生信仰逐步走向復(fù)興和重塑、多元文化引導(dǎo)下大學(xué)生信仰個(gè)性化發(fā)展傾向和馬克思主義信仰在重建過程中逐步擺脫“邊緣化”地位。 馬克思和恩格斯是馬克思主義信仰的創(chuàng)立者,馬克思主義是關(guān)于人類解放的理論,是以客觀規(guī)律為依據(jù)的科學(xué)理論。馬克思主義的科學(xué)體系中,每一個(gè)部分都包含著對(duì)客觀規(guī)律的揭示。馬克思主義體系也是科學(xué)與價(jià)值的統(tǒng)一。然而,當(dāng)代中國大學(xué)生馬克思主義信仰在復(fù)雜的環(huán)境下面臨著嚴(yán)重的挑戰(zhàn),作為主導(dǎo)地位的馬克思主義信仰正在經(jīng)受一定的沖擊,他們出現(xiàn)了價(jià)值取向的多元化嬗變和信仰的危機(jī),最根本原因是理想與現(xiàn)實(shí)之間存在強(qiáng)烈的反差。但是,就馬克思主義信仰的發(fā)展來看,所謂的危機(jī)僅僅是整個(gè)過程的一小片段,是暫時(shí)性的,人們?cè)诳傮w上對(duì)馬克思主義信仰的科學(xué)性沒有徹底的否定,如何引導(dǎo)當(dāng)代中國大學(xué)生正確認(rèn)識(shí)并發(fā)展馬克思主義信仰是每一個(gè)教育者都應(yīng)該深入思考的問題。通過調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)代中國大學(xué)生中的馬克思信仰者和馬克思信仰團(tuán)體是馬克思主義信仰在當(dāng)代大學(xué)生中的堅(jiān)定支持者和擁護(hù)者。在此之外,不少大學(xué)生游離于馬克思主義信仰和其他信仰之間,有的根本沒有信仰甚至沒有從內(nèi)心認(rèn)同馬克思主義信仰。馬克思主義信仰在當(dāng)代中國大學(xué)生中的主流地位面臨挑戰(zhàn)的原因是多樣的,有大學(xué)生自身的內(nèi)部因素,也有社會(huì)環(huán)境等外部因素,但是形成這種危機(jī)的消極影響是廣泛存在的,我們必須正視這種影響,并考慮克服。因此,引導(dǎo)大學(xué)生在對(duì)信仰做出理性的思考后,接踵而來的就是馬克思主義信仰的大發(fā)展。 當(dāng)代大學(xué)生對(duì)于信仰的要求,更大程度和更高層次上滿足自我需要,是他們信仰問題的普遍心理和共同期望。第四章分析了當(dāng)代中國大學(xué)生馬克思主義信仰的選擇與生成。對(duì)于當(dāng)代中國大學(xué)生面對(duì)信仰的多元化選擇,研究了他們是如何分辨和取舍的,他們?cè)谶x擇自己的信仰的時(shí)候價(jià)值判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是什么,他們選擇的特點(diǎn)是什么都是值得我們研究的問題。通過問卷調(diào)查分析,當(dāng)代中國大學(xué)生信仰選擇與生成過程分三步：信仰的主流地位的獲得、個(gè)體對(duì)于信仰認(rèn)同和群體認(rèn)同。信仰的選擇與生成具有非常重要的意義。論文從信仰的選擇對(duì)于信仰主體的意義和對(duì)于客觀世界的意義兩方面來分析。通過調(diào)查問卷和訪談,總結(jié)了當(dāng)代中國大學(xué)生馬克思主義信仰選擇與生成意義和當(dāng)代中國大學(xué)生信仰選擇與生成的特點(diǎn),即大學(xué)生馬克思主義信仰選擇具有動(dòng)態(tài)性、層次性、關(guān)聯(lián)性等特點(diǎn)。最后研究了大學(xué)生馬克思主義的信仰選擇與生成機(jī)制,即建立良好的信仰信息溝通渠道、注重引導(dǎo)大學(xué)生信仰選擇的原則和技巧等。對(duì)信仰選擇的過程實(shí)際上是一個(gè)價(jià)值的判斷過程,這些價(jià)值觀念會(huì)影響大學(xué)生的人生觀和價(jià)值觀。 第五章論述了大學(xué)生馬克思主義信仰的教育。在當(dāng)代大學(xué)生中,加強(qiáng)馬克思主義信仰教育、構(gòu)建馬克思主義信仰體系,使馬克思主義信仰繼續(xù)成為當(dāng)代中國社會(huì)的主導(dǎo)信仰就成了馬克思主義信仰重塑的目標(biāo)。馬克思主義信仰教育需要遵循一定的原則,即讓大學(xué)生正確理解并把握馬克思主義信仰的實(shí)質(zhì)內(nèi)涵,了解馬克思主義信仰是當(dāng)代中國的主導(dǎo)信仰,但不是唯一信仰,馬克思主義信仰的主導(dǎo)地位不是天生的,而是經(jīng)過不斷發(fā)展認(rèn)識(shí)的過程。馬克思主義信仰教育的基本路徑為：實(shí)施青年馬克思主義培養(yǎng)工程,在學(xué)生骨干中培養(yǎng)忠實(shí)的青年馬克思主義者,這是馬克思主義信仰教育的第一步,理論創(chuàng)新是馬克思主義信仰教育的前提條件、實(shí)踐創(chuàng)新是馬克思主義信仰教育的活力源泉、理論與實(shí)踐相結(jié)合是馬克思主義信仰教育的根本方法,實(shí)現(xiàn)傳播方式多樣化是馬克思主義信仰教育的重要途徑、新媒體的發(fā)展和運(yùn)用是馬克思主義信仰教育的重要平臺(tái),中國特色社會(huì)主義建設(shè)是大學(xué)生馬克思主義信仰教育的現(xiàn)實(shí)保證。 在社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期,我們應(yīng)當(dāng)堅(jiān)決把當(dāng)代中國大學(xué)生的馬克思主義信仰建設(shè)納入到中國特色社會(huì)主義建設(shè)的整體中,逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)二者的協(xié)調(diào)、同步發(fā)展。應(yīng)當(dāng)積極構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值體系來引導(dǎo)大學(xué)生的價(jià)值觀念的養(yǎng)成和堅(jiān)定,具有十分重要的意義。
[Abstract]:College students are a special group. They are eager to grow up and face the complex and complicated society. They are influenced by the world outlook and the outlook on life. For the high school students, faith is the coordinate of life and the motive force of the spirit. With the belief, there is an ideological weapon to cope with the great changes in the society. With the rapid development of progress and the new media, all kinds of ideology and culture are also accelerating. People's ideology, ideological activities and ways of life are experiencing intense turbulence. In the context of social change, although the mainstream of contemporary Chinese college students' belief is positive, healthy, and upward, there are also some of the beliefs of college students. The lack of belief, lost, undetermined, confused about the future of socialism, the fate of the Communist Party and the belief in Marx's doctrine and communism have been shaken in different degrees. We must carefully analyze the characteristics of the existing belief system and the social influence factors of the existing Chinese college students. We must take a definite target for the scientific belief education of college students and follow the plight of the belief education. The long and tender caring process is of great significance.
The first chapter of this article introduces the general theoretical analysis of the contemporary Chinese college students' belief, defines and analyzes the connotation, nature and characteristics of the belief. The main contents of the college students' belief are divine religious belief, traditional moral and cultural belief, political belief and society. Faith. The beliefs of contemporary college students have diversified contents, positive beliefs and negative beliefs. The function of their beliefs also has positive and negative functions. It is very important to take the essence and discard the dross, to guide the choice of scientific belief of college students, to fully understand and give full play to the positive function of belief in college students. The study of the function of College Students' belief found that the belief of contemporary college students has individual function and social function. The function of the individual is embodied in the spiritual command of the belief to the individual, the faith gives the strong spiritual power, the belief plays a decisive role in the molding of the individual personality, and the belief has the incentive and restraint effect on the individual behavior. Social functions are reflected in the formation of the social mainstream values of belief, the promotion of social progress, the promotion of social harmony and stability, the political motivation of belief, the creation function of science and culture, the guiding function of belief to society, and so on. For college students, in the face of the strong impact of Ideological and economic aspects, scientific belief plays a vital role. The firm belief of college students can find their own suitable coordinates in the complex and complex social shock tide, and as a young and high level stability force for the society. In the current social transition period, the special functions of College Students' belief are as follows: it can provide a new belief system for college students' spiritual civilization, provide a new path carrier for college students' Ideological and political education, and provide a new practical experience for college students to be keen to start a business. The important influence is manifested in the influence of belief on learning, on the influence of communication, on the influence of employment, on the influence of cognition and so on.
In this paper, a combination of theoretical and empirical methods is used to study, and the investigation and analysis of contemporary Chinese college students' beliefs are divided into two forms: questionnaire survey and interview survey. The second chapter of the thesis summarizes the present situation, characteristics and characteristics of the contemporary college students' belief through the analysis of the questionnaire and interviews of the contemporary Chinese college students' belief problems. The questionnaire design of the contemporary college students' belief problem is analyzed, including the object of investigation, the content and the method of investigation. In the interview survey, the object, purpose, content and method of the interview are discussed. According to the results of the questionnaire and interview, the situation of the present situation of the present college students' belief is studied. The basic situation of the contemporary college students' belief, the investigation and analysis of the influence of the beliefs and beliefs of the contemporary college students, the investigation and analysis of the content and the characteristics of the contemporary college students, the investigation and analysis of the sociality of the contemporary college students and the investigation and analysis of the attitude of the students to the belief in the belief of the generation of the students of the generation. The present and contemporary Chinese college students' beliefs are as follows: the belief system is more open, the content of belief tends to be secularized, the choice of faith is more transparent, the communication mode of faith is more scientific and scientific, the choice of faith is more transparent. The belief of contemporary college students is summarized and summarized according to the characteristics and reasons of the contemporary college students' belief. The characteristics of the times, the characteristics of diversity and openness. On the basis of the questionnaire and interview survey, we know the trend of the development of the contemporary college students' belief, that is, the belief of college students in the era of globalization is gradually rejuvenation and reshaping, and the tendency of individualized development of College Students' belief and the Marx belief in the process of reconstruction gradually get rid of under the guidance of multiculturalism. "Marginalization" status.
Marx and Engels are the founders of the Marx belief. Marx is the theory of human liberation and the scientific theory based on the objective law. In the scientific system of Marx, each part contains the revelation of the objective law. The Marx doctrine system is also the unity of science and value. However, the contemporary era is the same. The Marx belief of Chinese college students is facing a serious challenge in the complex environment. As a dominant Marx belief, the belief is undergoing a certain impact. They have appeared the diversification of value orientation and the crisis of belief. The most fundamental reason is the strong contrast between the ideal and the reality. But, the Marx Lord is the main reason. In the view of the development of the righteous belief, the so-called crisis is only a small fragment of the whole process and is temporary. In general, people have no thorough negation of the scientificity of Marx's belief. How to guide the correct understanding and development of the Marx belief of contemporary Chinese college students is a question that every educator should think deeply. A survey found that the Marx believers and the Marx belief groups of contemporary Chinese college students are the strong supporters and supporters of Marx's belief in contemporary college students. In addition, many college students have dissociated between Marx's belief and other beliefs, and some have no faith or even the inner identity of Mark. The mainstream position of the Marx belief in the contemporary Chinese college students is faced with a variety of factors, such as the internal factors of the college students themselves, and the external factors of the social environment. But the negative effects of this crisis are widespread. We must face this effect and consider overcoming it. Therefore, we should guide them. The rational development of belief in college students is followed by the great development of Marx's belief.
In the fourth chapter, the fourth chapter analyzes the choice and formation of the contemporary Chinese college students' belief in the belief of the Chinese college students. Discrimination and trade-offs, what is the value judgment standard when they choose their own beliefs and what are the characteristics of their choice are worthy of our study. Through a questionnaire survey, the selection and generation process of contemporary Chinese college students' beliefs are divided into three steps: the acquisition of the main stream of belief, the identity of the individual and the group. The choice and creation of belief is of great significance. The thesis analyzes the meaning of belief and the significance of the objective world in two aspects. Through the questionnaire and interview, this paper summarizes the choice and creation significance of the contemporary Chinese college students' Marx doctrine belief and the choice of the contemporary Chinese college students' belief. The characteristic of the formation is that the choice of Marx doctrine of college students is dynamic, hierarchical and related. Finally, it studies the belief selection and formation mechanism of College Students' Marx doctrine, that is, to establish good communication channels for faith information and to guide the principles and techniques of choosing the belief of College Students and so on. The process of belief selection is practical. It is a judgement process of value, which will affect the outlook on life and values of college students.
The fifth chapter discusses the education of the Marx belief of college students. Among the contemporary college students, strengthening the Marx belief education, constructing the Marx belief system and making the Marx belief continue to become the leading belief of the contemporary Chinese society will become the goal of the reshaping of the Marx doctrine. The Marx belief education needs to comply with the faith education. According to certain principles, it is to let the college students understand and grasp the essence of the belief of Marx doctrine correctly and understand that the belief of Marx doctrine is the dominant belief of contemporary China, but not the only belief. The leading position of the Marx doctrine is not natural, but the process of continuous development and understanding. The basis of Marx's belief education is the basis of the belief. This path is to implement the youth Marx doctrine training project and cultivate the faithful young Marx doctrine among the student backbone. This is the first step of the Marx belief education. The theoretical innovation is the prerequisite for Marx's belief education, and the practice innovation is the source of the vitality of Marx's belief education and the combination of theory and practice. It is the fundamental method of the education of Marx's belief, and the realization of the diversification of the mode of communication is an important way for the education of the faith of Marx. The development and application of the new media are the important platform for the education of Marx's belief, and the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the real guarantee for the education of Marx's belief in college students.
In the critical period of social transformation, we should firmly integrate the Marx Belief Construction of contemporary Chinese college students into the whole of the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics, gradually realize the coordination and synchronous development of the two parties. We should actively construct the socialist core value system to guide the formation and determination of the values of college students. It's very important.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：G641

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前6條

1 周全厚;;維穩(wěn)視角下高校保衛(wèi)隊(duì)伍的思想政治教育[J];鄂州大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2013年S1期

2 翟嶼潼;;思想政治教育如何引導(dǎo)大學(xué)生實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的中國夢[J];學(xué)理論;2013年18期

3 沈建江;煌彬;;浙江師范大學(xué)馬克思主義信仰調(diào)查報(bào)告[J];今日中國論壇;2013年13期

4 張志成;陳志平;劉s，

本文編號(hào)：1989690