本文選題：高校育人目標(biāo)　切入點(diǎn)：勞動(dòng)觀念　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：高等院校的一切工作都圍繞著育人這個(gè)核心，因此，高等院校不僅是社會(huì)文明的先導(dǎo)、科研發(fā)現(xiàn)、技術(shù)發(fā)明的基地，更是源源不斷地為日益發(fā)展的社會(huì)輸送各級(jí)各類人才的搖籃。 在我國(guó)，高等院校的育人目標(biāo)主要是德智體美四位一體的結(jié)構(gòu)。缺乏“勞”的要素，盡管在我國(guó)高等職業(yè)院校有學(xué)者提出德智體美勞”五位一體”的育人目標(biāo)結(jié)構(gòu)，，但是也往往局限在狹義的勞動(dòng)意識(shí)和勞動(dòng)觀念的范疇，用以說(shuō)明和解釋大學(xué)生在校期間蔑視勞動(dòng)、忽視勞動(dòng)的觀念和行為，沒(méi)有揭示廣義的勞動(dòng)意識(shí)和勞動(dòng)觀念，即在高等院校系統(tǒng)與社會(huì)系統(tǒng)相互作用中，把德智體美定義為育人的內(nèi)在規(guī)定性；“勞”則是體現(xiàn)社會(huì)系統(tǒng)對(duì)高等院校培養(yǎng)人才的客觀需要，也就是適應(yīng)和滿足社會(huì)需求的合格的勞動(dòng)者。因此“勞”是社會(huì)需求轉(zhuǎn)換到高等院校育人目標(biāo)的外在規(guī)定性。所以，德智體美勞”五位一體”的高等院校育人目標(biāo)的結(jié)構(gòu)，具有合理性和科學(xué)性。 德智體美勞中的“勞”既是勞動(dòng)觀點(diǎn)也是勞動(dòng)觀念，前者是相對(duì)于好逸惡勞而言的，后者則是相對(duì)時(shí)代發(fā)展產(chǎn)生的對(duì)勞動(dòng)的總體看法和根本觀點(diǎn)。不同的歷史時(shí)代有不同的勞動(dòng)觀。歷史上的勞動(dòng)觀，經(jīng)歷了古代以“貶斥勞動(dòng)”為特征的勞役觀，近代以產(chǎn)業(yè)工人為特征的創(chuàng)造物質(zhì)財(cái)富的勞動(dòng)觀，現(xiàn)代以各行各業(yè)的勞動(dòng)者作為保證社會(huì)運(yùn)行的角色為特征的職業(yè)勞動(dòng)觀。在高等院校中大學(xué)生應(yīng)當(dāng)確立現(xiàn)代的職業(yè)勞動(dòng)觀，認(rèn)識(shí)到德智體美從根本上源于勞動(dòng)并隨著勞動(dòng)水平的提高而不斷地發(fā)展，是建立在勞動(dòng)基礎(chǔ)上，實(shí)現(xiàn)人與自然、人與人、人與社會(huì)以及人的自我身心和諧的表現(xiàn)。因此，勞動(dòng)對(duì)德智體美具有先在性地位和決定性作用。 德智體美勞中的“勞”，要求確立現(xiàn)代勞動(dòng)意識(shí)：（1）勞動(dòng)是在人與人、人與自然關(guān)系中的一種存在方式。具有物質(zhì)規(guī)定性、社會(huì)規(guī)定性和生態(tài)規(guī)定性。（2）勞動(dòng)有職業(yè)勞動(dòng)和非職業(yè)勞動(dòng)，職業(yè)勞動(dòng)有職業(yè)技術(shù)規(guī)范和倫理規(guī)范；有酬勞動(dòng)和無(wú)酬的義務(wù)勞動(dòng)，體現(xiàn)不同的社會(huì)勞動(dòng)方式。（3）勞動(dòng)有適度勞動(dòng)和過(guò)度勞動(dòng)，健康勞動(dòng)的標(biāo)志是身-心生態(tài)穩(wěn)態(tài)。（4）確立健康的勞動(dòng)價(jià)值觀、權(quán)利觀和利益觀，是實(shí)現(xiàn)大學(xué)生德智體美健康全面發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)和根據(jù)。
[Abstract]:All the work of colleges and universities revolves around the core of educating people. Therefore, institutions of higher learning are not only the pioneers of social civilization, but also the bases for scientific research and technological inventions. It is the cradle of all kinds of talents for the increasingly developing society. In our country, the educational goal of colleges and universities is mainly a four-in-one structure of morality, intelligence, body and beauty, and lacks the elements of "labor", although some scholars in higher vocational colleges of our country have put forward the "five-in-one" educational goal structure of virtue, intelligence, physical education, beauty and labor. However, it is often confined to the narrow sense of labor and the concept of labor, which is used to explain and explain the students' contempt of labor and neglect of the concept and behavior of labor during the school period, and does not reveal the broad sense of labor consciousness and concept of labor. That is, in the interaction between institutions of higher learning system and social system, the moral, intellectual, physical and physical beauty is defined as the inherent stipulation of educating people, and "labor" is the embodiment of the objective needs of the social system for the cultivation of talents in colleges and universities. That is, qualified workers who adapt to and meet the needs of the society. Therefore, "labor" is the external stipulation of the transformation of social needs to the educational goals of colleges and universities. Therefore, the structure of the goal of educating people in colleges and universities with the "five-in-one" concept of morality, wisdom, physical integrity, beauty and labor, It is reasonable and scientific. "Labor" in virtue, intelligence, body, beauty and labor is not only a labor viewpoint, but also a labor concept. The former is relative to ease and evil labor. On the other hand, the latter is the general view and fundamental viewpoint of labor produced by the development of the relative times. There are different views on labor in different historical times. The concept of labor in history has experienced the concept of servitude characterized by "repudiation of labor" in ancient times. In modern times, the concept of creating material wealth is characterized by industrial workers, and the view of occupational labor is characterized by the role of workers in various professions as the guarantee of social operation. In colleges and universities, college students should establish the modern concept of vocational labor. Recognizing that the beauty of morality, intelligence, body and body is fundamentally derived from labor and developing continuously with the improvement of the level of labor, is the expression of harmony between man and nature, between man and man, between man and society, and between human body and mind and body and mind on the basis of labor. Labor has the first and decisive role to the moral, intellectual and physical beauty. "Labor" in virtue, intelligence, body, beauty and labor requires the establishment of modern labor consciousness: 1) Labor is a form of existence in the relationship between man and man, man and nature. Social and ecological regulations. (2) Labor has occupational and non-occupational labour, occupational labour has vocational and technical norms and ethical norms, and paid and unpaid voluntary labour, The sign of healthy labor is the steady state of body-mind ecology. 4) establishing healthy labor values, rights and interests. It is the foundation and basis to realize the healthy and comprehensive development of college students' moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：G641

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