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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：工程創(chuàng)新人才的類型及其課程設(shè)置研究　出處：《華東理工大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 工程創(chuàng)新人才 工程人才類型 課程設(shè)置

【摘要】：我國(guó)正處于社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期,對(duì)創(chuàng)新人才的需求越來(lái)越迫切。工程創(chuàng)新是創(chuàng)新的主戰(zhàn)場(chǎng),工程創(chuàng)新人才的培養(yǎng)十分重要。如何培養(yǎng)工程創(chuàng)新人才已經(jīng)成為我國(guó)工程教育界的重要課題。我國(guó)工程人才培養(yǎng)取得了一些成就,也存在很多問題,其中最突出的問題之一是培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)趨同,如何避免“趨同”是工程教育改革的難點(diǎn),也是本研究的出發(fā)點(diǎn)。 本研究主要分為以下幾個(gè)部分： 首先闡明了對(duì)工程創(chuàng)新人才進(jìn)行類型劃分的重要性和可能性,并且按照生產(chǎn)或工作的過(guò)程和目的、創(chuàng)新的形式以及社會(huì)對(duì)工程創(chuàng)新人才的需求程度分為五種類型：研究導(dǎo)向型創(chuàng)新人才、專業(yè)技術(shù)型創(chuàng)新人才、技術(shù)集成創(chuàng)新人才、產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)意設(shè)計(jì)人才和工程經(jīng)營(yíng)管理人才,并在此基礎(chǔ)上構(gòu)建了不同類型工程創(chuàng)新人才的素質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu),研究了不同類型工程創(chuàng)新人才的知識(shí)、能力、素質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu),這是課程設(shè)置的主要依據(jù),有了這層分析,課程設(shè)置才能更有效地實(shí)現(xiàn)培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)。 其次,課程是實(shí)現(xiàn)人才素質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)建構(gòu)的主要手段,是促成人才劃分為不同類型的重要支撐。在明確了社會(huì)亟需的工程創(chuàng)新人才的類型之后,如何有計(jì)劃地實(shí)施培養(yǎng)過(guò)程,這就需要配套的培養(yǎng)模式,在創(chuàng)新型人才培養(yǎng)體系中,課程設(shè)置具體承擔(dān)著工程人才的知識(shí)建構(gòu)和能力培養(yǎng)以及綜合素質(zhì)形成的責(zé)任。為此,本研究以美國(guó)的麻省理工學(xué)院、加州理工學(xué)院、東北大學(xué)、俄亥俄州立大學(xué)和中國(guó)的清華大學(xué)、浙江大學(xué)、華東理工大學(xué)等高校的工程類專業(yè)課程設(shè)置為分析對(duì)象,把工程教育非常強(qiáng)大的美國(guó)理工學(xué)校工程創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)的課程設(shè)置分為不同學(xué)科、專業(yè)和同一學(xué)科專業(yè)來(lái)分別進(jìn)行探討,通過(guò)中美對(duì)比研究發(fā)現(xiàn)我國(guó)理工高校的課程設(shè)置在支撐不同類型工程創(chuàng)新人才素質(zhì)構(gòu)建方面存在不足,在相同專業(yè)課程設(shè)計(jì)中特色與特點(diǎn)模糊。 最后,借鑒美國(guó)高校課程設(shè)置的經(jīng)驗(yàn),對(duì)我國(guó)工程人才培養(yǎng)的培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)和課程設(shè)置方面存在的趨同現(xiàn)象提出改進(jìn)意見。我國(guó)工程創(chuàng)新人才的培養(yǎng)在課程設(shè)置上要體現(xiàn)：對(duì)創(chuàng)新型工程人才進(jìn)行寬、專、交結(jié)合的知識(shí)教育；強(qiáng)化工程實(shí)踐訓(xùn)練和案例教學(xué),加強(qiáng)創(chuàng)新意識(shí)、設(shè)計(jì)能力和創(chuàng)業(yè)方法的培養(yǎng)環(huán)節(jié)；同時(shí)在課程設(shè)置中充實(shí)前沿科技、創(chuàng)新案例、交叉學(xué)科和人文知識(shí)等,使之增強(qiáng)創(chuàng)新精神,提高綜合素質(zhì),促進(jìn)人的全面發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:China is in the period of social and economic transformation, the demand for innovative talents is becoming more and more urgent. Engineering innovation is the main battlefield of innovation. The cultivation of engineering innovation talents is very important. How to train engineering innovation talents has become an important topic in engineering education in China. Some achievements have been made in the cultivation of engineering talents in our country, and there are many problems. One of the most prominent problems is the convergence of training goals. How to avoid convergence is the difficulty of engineering education reform and the starting point of this study. This study is divided into the following parts: First of all, the importance and possibility of the classification of engineering creative talents are expounded, and according to the process and purpose of production or work. The form of innovation and the degree of social demand for engineering innovation talents can be divided into five types: research-oriented innovation talents, professional and technical innovation talents, technical integration innovation talents. On the basis of product creative design talents and engineering management talents, the quality structure of different types of engineering innovation talents is constructed, and the knowledge, ability and quality structure of different types of engineering innovation talents are studied. This is the main basis of curriculum design. With this layer of analysis, the curriculum can achieve the training goal more effectively. Secondly, curriculum is the main means to realize the construction of talent quality structure, and it is an important support to divide talents into different types. How to implement the training process in a planned way, which requires a supporting training model, in the innovative talent training system. The curriculum is responsible for the knowledge construction, ability training and comprehensive quality formation of engineering talents. Therefore, this study is based on Massachusetts Institute of Technology, California Institute of Technology, Northeastern University. Ohio State University and China's Tsinghua University, Zhejiang University, East China University of Technology and other colleges and universities of engineering courses as the analysis object. The curriculum of engineering innovation talent training in American polytechnic school which is very powerful in engineering education is divided into different subjects, majors and the same subject. Through the comparative study between China and the United States, it is found that the curriculum design of science and technology colleges in China has some shortcomings in supporting the quality construction of different types of engineering innovation talents, and the characteristics and characteristics of the same professional curriculum design are vague. Finally, draw lessons from the experience of curriculum design in American colleges and universities. This paper puts forward some suggestions on the improvement of the training goal and the convergence of the curriculum in the training of engineering talents in our country. The training of innovative engineering talents in our country should be reflected in the course design: wide and special for innovative engineering talents. The knowledge education of communication and combination; Strengthen the engineering practice training and case teaching, strengthen the creative consciousness, design ability and entrepreneurial methods; At the same time, it enriches the cutting-edge science and technology, innovative cases, cross-disciplinary and humanistic knowledge in the curriculum, so as to strengthen the spirit of innovation, improve the comprehensive quality, and promote the all-round development of human beings.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TB-4;G642

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