【摘要】： 研究高校學(xué)生的心理健康是解決學(xué)生心理問題的現(xiàn)實(shí)要求。目前,不少研究者分別從人格特質(zhì)或心理資本的角度探討了其與學(xué)生心理健康的關(guān)系,但是,尚未有研究者綜合兩者來共同探究其與對(duì)高校學(xué)生心理健康的影響,因此不利于進(jìn)一步全面而深刻的從特質(zhì)與積極狀態(tài)的角度來對(duì)心理健康特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析。 針對(duì)上述問題,本研究的主要目的是：(1)分別系統(tǒng)探討高校學(xué)生人格特質(zhì)、心理資本、心理健康在年級(jí)、性別、專業(yè)上的發(fā)展特點(diǎn)；(2)探討高校學(xué)生人格特質(zhì)、心理資本與其心理健康的關(guān)系。 本研究采用整群分層隨機(jī)抽樣的方法選取重慶市西南大學(xué)、重慶師范大學(xué)、重慶工商大學(xué)三所高校學(xué)生作為研究樣本,并采用“SCL-90癥狀自評(píng)量表”、“艾森克人格問卷簡式量表(中國版)”和“積極心理資本問卷”對(duì)其心理與人格進(jìn)行調(diào)查,探討了高校學(xué)生人格特質(zhì)、心理資本和心理健康的關(guān)系。具體研究結(jié)果如下： 1.高校學(xué)生的心理健康在年級(jí)上存在顯著差異,一年級(jí)高校學(xué)生的偏執(zhí)顯著低于二、三、四年級(jí)；在性別上存在顯著差異,女生的焦慮、恐怖顯著高于男生；在專業(yè)方面存在顯著差異,藝術(shù)類高校學(xué)生在軀體化、人際敏感、偏執(zhí)和精神病性四個(gè)維度上顯著低于非藝術(shù)類；在年級(jí)與性別的交互作用上,大四女生除恐怖以外其它八個(gè)因素均顯著高于男生。 2.高校學(xué)生的人格特質(zhì)在專業(yè)方面存在顯著差異,非藝術(shù)類高校學(xué)生的神經(jīng)質(zhì)顯著高于藝術(shù)類；在年級(jí)、性別上,高校學(xué)生的人格特質(zhì)無顯著性差異；在年級(jí)與性別的交互作用上,三年級(jí)的高校學(xué)生中男生的神經(jīng)質(zhì)顯著高于女生。 3.高校學(xué)生的心理資本在年級(jí)方面存在顯著差異,大一學(xué)生均顯著高于其它年級(jí)；在性別上存在顯著差異,女學(xué)生的希望顯著高于男學(xué)生；在專業(yè)上存在顯著差異,藝術(shù)類高校學(xué)生的自我效能、希望均顯著高于非藝術(shù)類；在年級(jí)與性別的交互作用上,大一學(xué)生中女生樂觀顯著高于男生。 4.神經(jīng)質(zhì)、精神質(zhì)與SCL-90總分及其九個(gè)因素均有顯著的正相關(guān),外向、心理資本與SCL-90總分及其九個(gè)因素均有顯著的負(fù)相關(guān)。 5.多元回歸分析結(jié)果表明,神經(jīng)質(zhì)、外向和樂觀對(duì)心理健康具有顯著的預(yù)測作用。
[Abstract]:To study the psychological health of college students is the practical requirement to solve the psychological problems. At present, many researchers have explored the relationship between them and students' mental health from the perspective of personality traits or psychological capital, but no researchers have combined the two to explore the influence of them on the mental health of college students. Therefore, it is not conducive to further comprehensive and profound analysis of mental health characteristics from the perspective of trait and positive state. In view of the above problems, the main purposes of this study are: (1) to explore the characteristics of college students' personality traits, psychological capital, psychological health in grade, gender and specialty, respectively; (2) to explore the characteristics of college students' personality. The relationship between psychological capital and its mental health. In this study, the students of Southwest University of Chongqing, Chongqing normal University and Chongqing Industrial and Commercial University were selected as the study samples by cluster stratified random sampling, and the symptom Checklist (SCL-90) was used. The simple Eysenck Personality questionnaire (Chinese version) and the positive Psychological Capital questionnaire were used to investigate their psychology and personality, and the relationship between personality traits, psychological capital and mental health of college students was discussed. The results are as follows: 1. The mental health of college students was significantly different in grade, the paranoid ideation of the first grade students was significantly lower than that of the second, third and fourth grades, the gender difference was significant, the anxiety of female students was significantly higher than that of male students. There are significant differences in specialty. The students of art college are significantly lower than non-artistic students in four dimensions of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, paranoid ideation and psychosis, and the interaction between grade and gender. The other eight factors except terror were significantly higher in the senior girls than in the boys (2. 5%). The personality traits of college students are significantly different in specialty, the neuroticism of non-artistic college students is significantly higher than that of art students, and there is no significant difference in the personality traits of college students in grade and gender. In the interaction between grade and gender, the neuroticism of male students in third grade was significantly higher than that of female students. There are significant differences in psychological capital of college students in grade, freshmen are significantly higher than other grades, there are significant differences in gender, female students' hopes are significantly higher than male students, there are significant differences in major. The self-efficacy of art college students was significantly higher than that of non-art students, and in the interaction between grade and gender, female students' optimism was significantly higher than that of male students. 4. Neuroticism and psychoticism were positively correlated with the total score of SCL-90 and its nine factors, extroversion, and psychological capital were negatively correlated with the total score of SCL-90 and its nine factors. Multiple regression analysis showed that neuroticism, extroversion and optimism had significant predictive effects on mental health.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：B844.2

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