【摘要】：通過(guò)對(duì)蘇、魯、鄂、湘、川、渝等14個(gè)省(市、自治區(qū))82個(gè)縣(區(qū))546所中小學(xué)的實(shí)證調(diào)查,結(jié)合2010年-2014年義務(wù)教育發(fā)展的宏觀數(shù)據(jù)和部分省(市、自治區(qū))的典型案例分析,對(duì)2010年以來(lái)中國(guó)義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展?fàn)顩r進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè)評(píng)估。評(píng)估發(fā)現(xiàn):5年來(lái),中國(guó)義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展成效顯著,不僅從戰(zhàn)略任務(wù)的高度"建立健全義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展保障機(jī)制",而且不斷"完善投入機(jī)制"、"加大教育投入",深入推進(jìn)學(xué)校標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化建設(shè)成效顯著,學(xué)校辦學(xué)條件大幅改善,同時(shí),"加強(qiáng)師資隊(duì)伍建設(shè)"有所進(jìn)步,"均衡配置師資"逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)。但也存在著義務(wù)教育經(jīng)費(fèi)投入"中部塌陷"、辦學(xué)條件"內(nèi)涵化"差距巨大、農(nóng)村師資隊(duì)伍結(jié)構(gòu)性缺編嚴(yán)重、城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程中新挑戰(zhàn)不斷、教育質(zhì)量城鄉(xiāng)差距甚大等問(wèn)題。因此,新時(shí)期中國(guó)義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展要堅(jiān)持五大發(fā)展理念,轉(zhuǎn)變義務(wù)教育發(fā)展方式,深化義務(wù)教育綜合改革,開(kāi)拓義務(wù)教育內(nèi)涵均衡、優(yōu)質(zhì)均衡與特色均衡的發(fā)展道路。
[Abstract]:Through an empirical investigation of 546 primary and secondary schools in 82 counties (autonomous regions) in 14 provinces (cities, autonomous regions), including Jiangsu, Shandong, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan and Chongqing, combined with macroscopic data on the development of compulsory education from 2010 to 2014 and typical case studies of some provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions), This paper monitors and evaluates the balanced development of compulsory education in China since 2010. The results show that the balanced development of compulsory education in China has achieved remarkable results in the past five years. Not only from the height of strategic tasks, "establishing and perfecting the guarantee mechanism for the balanced development of compulsory education," but also constantly "perfecting the investment mechanism", "increasing the investment in education," making remarkable achievements in further promoting the standardization of schools, and greatly improving the conditions for running schools. At the same time, some progress has been made in strengthening the construction of the teaching staff, and the balanced allocation of teachers has been gradually realized. However, there are also some problems such as "the collapse of the central part" of compulsory education funds, the "intension" gap between the conditions of running a school, the serious structural shortage of teachers in rural areas, the continuous new challenges in the process of urbanization, and the great gap between urban and rural areas in the quality of education. Therefore, in the new period, the balanced development of compulsory education in China should adhere to the five development concepts, change the mode of development of compulsory education, deepen the comprehensive reform of compulsory education, open up the road of balanced connotation of compulsory education, balance of quality and characteristics.
【作者單位】： 西南大學(xué)教育學(xué)部暨中國(guó)基礎(chǔ)教育質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心西南大學(xué)分中心;
【基金】：教育部人文社會(huì)科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目“區(qū)域義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展的聯(lián)動(dòng)機(jī)制和立體化路徑研究”(13YJA880113);教育部哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)發(fā)展報(bào)告“中國(guó)義務(wù)教育發(fā)展報(bào)告”(11JBGP018) 重慶市首屆研究生科研創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目(CYB14064)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G522.3

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