【摘要】：隨著人們對素質(zhì)教育認(rèn)識的加深,在重視知識的獲取、技能的習(xí)得的同時(shí)開始關(guān)注自身道德品質(zhì)、禮儀素養(yǎng)的提升。但是自身禮儀素養(yǎng)的培養(yǎng)與提升并不是一朝一夕能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)的,所以從小進(jìn)行長期有效的針對成長的各個階段的禮儀教育是必要的,而少年兒童這一重要的成長時(shí)期,更是禮儀教育的最佳階段。通過認(rèn)知行為理論以及少年兒童禮儀的相關(guān)理論綜述,了解并掌握了認(rèn)知行為理論的理論相關(guān)知識:認(rèn)知理論、行為主義理論,認(rèn)知行為主義理論以及班杜拉的社會學(xué)系理論,開展少年兒童的禮儀教育研究。少年兒童禮儀教育在提高全國人民素質(zhì)水平上有重要的意義,把握少年兒童禮儀教育的重要性。少年兒童禮儀教育現(xiàn)狀的調(diào)查是通過調(diào)查問卷進(jìn)行分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)少年兒童禮儀教育現(xiàn)狀存在的諸多問題。問卷從少年兒童對日常生活中的基本禮儀、學(xué)習(xí)生活禮儀、公共禮儀等方面著手,發(fā)現(xiàn)少年兒童存在一定程度的認(rèn)知偏差,從而出現(xiàn)了一些不良的行為。應(yīng)用認(rèn)知行為理論分析少年兒童禮儀教育出現(xiàn)問題的原因,包含兩個方面環(huán)境因素和少年兒童自身因素:如環(huán)境因素中父母教育的缺失、學(xué)校教學(xué)觀念落后以及社會風(fēng)氣的不良影響了少年兒童對禮儀產(chǎn)生了錯誤認(rèn)知,導(dǎo)致了禮儀缺失現(xiàn)象的出現(xiàn),而不禮貌的行為又反過來影響少年兒童的認(rèn)知過程,從而使少年兒童禮儀教育的問題越來越嚴(yán)重。從認(rèn)知行為理論的視角深刻解讀少年兒童禮儀教育研究,利用認(rèn)知行為理論解讀少年兒童禮儀教育出現(xiàn)以上問題的原因,從認(rèn)知行為理論中一些治療方法來矯正少年兒童日常生活學(xué)習(xí)中的一些不禮貌行為。最后提出少年兒童禮儀教育的意見和建議:開展少年兒童禮儀教育的建議主要有:1.建構(gòu)認(rèn)知,消除少年兒童的消極認(rèn)知,可以從糾正消極認(rèn)知,引導(dǎo)積極行為;設(shè)立合理課程,引導(dǎo)少年兒童積極參與行為這方面左手。2.干預(yù)行為,矯正少年兒童不良行為。設(shè)立獎勵目標(biāo),為有好的禮儀典范準(zhǔn)備獎勵正面強(qiáng)化,提高少年兒童的自我效能感;激發(fā)少年兒童的成就動機(jī),矯正其無禮行為;然后樹立少年兒童學(xué)習(xí)的榜樣典范,促進(jìn)少年兒童的觀察學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)而推廣禮儀教育。3.優(yōu)化環(huán)境,消除外部消極影響。構(gòu)建良好的家庭環(huán)境、學(xué)校環(huán)境、少先隊(duì)組織氛圍和社會環(huán)境,最好家庭、學(xué)校和社會形成教育合力。通過這樣的幾方面的措施才能更好的為少年兒童禮儀教育構(gòu)建良好外部氛圍。為此在認(rèn)知行為理論視角下對少年兒童禮儀教育展開研究有一定的研究價(jià)值和實(shí)踐意義。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of people's understanding of quality education, attention is paid to the acquisition of knowledge and the acquisition of skills at the same time, they begin to pay attention to their own moral quality, the promotion of etiquette literacy. However, the cultivation and promotion of one's own etiquette literacy cannot be realized overnight. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out long-term and effective etiquette education for all stages of growth from an early age, and young children are an important period of growing up. Is the best stage of etiquette education. By summarizing the theory of cognitive behavior and children's etiquette, the author has learned and grasped the relevant knowledge of cognitive behavior theory: cognitive theory, behaviorism theory, cognitive behaviorism theory and Bandura's theory of social science. Carry out the study of etiquette education for children. Children's etiquette education is of great significance in improving the quality of the people in the whole country, and grasping the importance of children's etiquette education. The investigation of the present situation of children's etiquette education is based on the analysis of questionnaire, and finds out that there are many problems in the present situation of children's etiquette education. From the aspects of children's basic etiquette, learning etiquette, public etiquette and so on, it is found that there are some cognitive deviations and some bad behaviors appear. Using the cognitive behavior theory to analyze the causes of the problems in the etiquette education of children, including two aspects of environmental factors and children's own factors: such as the lack of parental education in environmental factors. The backward concept of school teaching and the bad social atmosphere affect the children's wrong cognition of etiquette, which leads to the phenomenon of lack of etiquette, and the behavior of impoliteness in turn affects the cognitive process of children. As a result, the problem of children's etiquette education is becoming more and more serious. From the perspective of cognitive behavior theory, the author deeply interprets the research on children's etiquette education, and explains the reasons for the above problems by using cognitive behavior theory. Some treatment methods in cognitive behavior theory are used to correct some impolite behaviors in children's daily life learning. At last, the author puts forward the suggestions of children's etiquette education: the suggestion of developing children's etiquette education is mainly 1: 1. Construct cognition, eliminate the negative cognition of children, can correct the negative cognition, guide the positive behavior, set up the reasonable curriculum, guide the children to take an active part in the behavior this aspect left hand. 2. To intervene and correct the bad behavior of children and adolescents. Set up reward goals, prepare for positive reinforcement for good etiquette models, improve children's sense of self-efficacy; stimulate children's achievement motivation and correct their rude behavior; and then set a good example for children to learn. Promote children's observation and learning, and then promote etiquette education. 3. Optimize environment and eliminate external negative effects. Build a good family environment, school environment, Young Pioneers organizational atmosphere and social environment, the best family, school and society to form an educational force. Through such measures, we can better build a good external atmosphere for children's etiquette education. Therefore, the research on children's etiquette education from the perspective of cognitive behavior theory has certain research value and practical significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G41

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