美國教育科學(xué)研究所的科研資助模式研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-19 19:42
【摘要】：美國教育科學(xué)研究所是美國聯(lián)邦政府設(shè)立的,隸屬于美國聯(lián)邦教育部的國家宏觀教育政策研究機構(gòu)。研究所以政府資金資助為導(dǎo)向統(tǒng)籌全國各教育研究機構(gòu)的運行及教育科研活動,力圖提高教育科研的科學(xué)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性,支持以證據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)的教育實驗的開展。美國教育科學(xué)研究所下設(shè)國家教育研究中心、國家教育統(tǒng)計中心、國家教育評估和地區(qū)援助中心、以及國家特殊教育研究中心,各中心分工明確,各司其職,共同為研究所服務(wù)。研究所的核心目標(biāo)是“提高學(xué)生學(xué)業(yè)成就,增加政府教育問責(zé),加強聯(lián)邦政府教育控制”。研究所以教育政策為主要研究對象,增進(jìn)民眾對教育基本知識與政策的了解,向包括家長、學(xué)生、教師、教育政策制定者以及教育科研人員等利益相關(guān)者發(fā)布與傳播相關(guān)教育科研成果。美國教育科學(xué)研究所現(xiàn)行資助理念主要受到了“實用主義”長期影響美國社會,聯(lián)邦政府需要嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)周密的科學(xué)研究為教育決策服務(wù),以及美國社會的問責(zé)體制要求政府對教育發(fā)展負(fù)責(zé),這些因素的影響。在這三大因素的共同影響下,美國教育科學(xué)研究所形成了以經(jīng)費資助為導(dǎo)向,引導(dǎo)教育科研向嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性過度,引導(dǎo)教育科研與教育實踐相關(guān)聯(lián),以及促進(jìn)教育科研成果的傳播與投入實踐的資助理念。通過對資助方式方面的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),研究所主要通過資金贈與、簽訂合同、合作協(xié)議三種方式進(jìn)行教育科研項目的資助。美國教育科學(xué)研究所下屬的四個中心,國家教育研究中心和國家特殊教育研究中心主要通過贈款的方式,主要對以大學(xué)為依托的教育科研中心的課題進(jìn)行資助;國家教育統(tǒng)計中心與國家教育評估和地區(qū)援助中心主要通過簽訂合同與合作協(xié)議的方式,對科技公司、信息公司、大學(xué)實驗室等機構(gòu)進(jìn)行資助,共同對教育科研成果與相關(guān)研究數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計,公布在官方數(shù)據(jù)庫及網(wǎng)站上,同時協(xié)助科研機構(gòu)進(jìn)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)維護(hù)等工作。美國教育科學(xué)研究所的科研資助模式獲得了良好的資助成效。在教育決策制定形成前,研究過資助相關(guān)機構(gòu)進(jìn)行科學(xué)性的實驗,以確保決策的有效性,化解教育科研活動與教育決策之間的鴻溝;在制定相應(yīng)科研計劃于目標(biāo)后,研究所通過整合匯集優(yōu)秀資源形成了高質(zhì)量的研究成果,有助于聯(lián)邦政府制定科學(xué)民主的教育政策;最后,通過多種渠道,促進(jìn)了科研成果的宣傳與推廣。中國教育科學(xué)研究統(tǒng)籌管理機構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)利用自身優(yōu)勢,通過經(jīng)費資助引導(dǎo)中國教育科學(xué)研究由學(xué)理研究向關(guān)注教育實踐的研究發(fā)展,增加以證據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)的實驗在教育科研領(lǐng)域的使用,以及及時收集教育科研活動及成果的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),及時更新網(wǎng)站與數(shù)據(jù)庫信息,并向社會公布科研進(jìn)展。
[Abstract]:The American Institute of Educational Sciences (USE) is established by the federal government and belongs to the National Macro-Educational Policy Research Institute of the United States Department of Education. The research institutes plan the operation and educational research activities of all educational research institutions in China with the guidance of government funds to improve the scientific rigor of educational research and support the development of evidence-based educational experiments. The American Institute of Educational Sciences has a National Center for Educational Research, a National Center for Education Statistics, a National Center for Educational Assessment and Regional Assistance, and a National Center for Special Education Research, each of which has a clear division of labour and functions. Work together for the Institute. The Institute's core goal is to "improve students' academic achievement, increase accountability for government education, and strengthen federal educational control." The Institute takes education policy as its main research object to promote public understanding of the basic knowledge and policies of education, including parents, students and teachers, Educational policy makers and other stakeholders, such as educational researchers, publish and disseminate relevant educational research results. The current funding concept of the American Institute of Educational Sciences has been mainly influenced by "pragmatism" in American society for a long time. The federal government needs rigorous and careful scientific research to serve educational decision-making. And the accountability system of American society holds the government responsible for the development of education. Under the joint influence of these three factors, the American Institute of Educational Science has formed a way to guide educational scientific research to a strict transition, to guide educational scientific research to be related to educational practice, in the direction of financial support. And to promote the dissemination of educational research results and input into practice of the concept of funding. Through the research on the way of funding, it is found that the research institutes mainly grant funds, sign contracts and cooperation agreements to finance educational scientific research projects. The four centers under the American Institute of Educational Science, the National Center for Educational Research and the National Center for Special Education Research, are mainly funded by grants to the programs of educational research centers based on universities; The National Center for Education Statistics and the National Education Assessment and Regional Assistance Center have funded science and technology companies, information companies, university laboratories, etc., mainly by signing contracts and cooperation agreements. Together with the educational research results and related research data statistics, published in the official database and website, at the same time to assist scientific research institutions in network maintenance and other work. The research funding model of the American Institute of Educational Sciences has achieved good results. Prior to the formation of educational decision making, we have studied and funded relevant organizations to carry out scientific experiments to ensure the effectiveness of decision-making and to bridge the gap between educational scientific research activities and educational decisions. Through integrating and collecting excellent resources, the institute has formed high-quality research results, which is helpful for the federal government to formulate scientific and democratic educational policies. Finally, through various channels, it promotes the dissemination and promotion of scientific research results. China's educational science research management institutions should take advantage of their own advantages and guide the development of China's educational science research from theoretical research to concern for educational practice through financial assistance. To increase the use of evidence-based experiments in the field of education and scientific research, to collect relevant data on educational research activities and achievements, to update websites and databases in time, and to announce the progress of scientific research to the society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G571.2
[Abstract]:The American Institute of Educational Sciences (USE) is established by the federal government and belongs to the National Macro-Educational Policy Research Institute of the United States Department of Education. The research institutes plan the operation and educational research activities of all educational research institutions in China with the guidance of government funds to improve the scientific rigor of educational research and support the development of evidence-based educational experiments. The American Institute of Educational Sciences has a National Center for Educational Research, a National Center for Education Statistics, a National Center for Educational Assessment and Regional Assistance, and a National Center for Special Education Research, each of which has a clear division of labour and functions. Work together for the Institute. The Institute's core goal is to "improve students' academic achievement, increase accountability for government education, and strengthen federal educational control." The Institute takes education policy as its main research object to promote public understanding of the basic knowledge and policies of education, including parents, students and teachers, Educational policy makers and other stakeholders, such as educational researchers, publish and disseminate relevant educational research results. The current funding concept of the American Institute of Educational Sciences has been mainly influenced by "pragmatism" in American society for a long time. The federal government needs rigorous and careful scientific research to serve educational decision-making. And the accountability system of American society holds the government responsible for the development of education. Under the joint influence of these three factors, the American Institute of Educational Science has formed a way to guide educational scientific research to a strict transition, to guide educational scientific research to be related to educational practice, in the direction of financial support. And to promote the dissemination of educational research results and input into practice of the concept of funding. Through the research on the way of funding, it is found that the research institutes mainly grant funds, sign contracts and cooperation agreements to finance educational scientific research projects. The four centers under the American Institute of Educational Science, the National Center for Educational Research and the National Center for Special Education Research, are mainly funded by grants to the programs of educational research centers based on universities; The National Center for Education Statistics and the National Education Assessment and Regional Assistance Center have funded science and technology companies, information companies, university laboratories, etc., mainly by signing contracts and cooperation agreements. Together with the educational research results and related research data statistics, published in the official database and website, at the same time to assist scientific research institutions in network maintenance and other work. The research funding model of the American Institute of Educational Sciences has achieved good results. Prior to the formation of educational decision making, we have studied and funded relevant organizations to carry out scientific experiments to ensure the effectiveness of decision-making and to bridge the gap between educational scientific research activities and educational decisions. Through integrating and collecting excellent resources, the institute has formed high-quality research results, which is helpful for the federal government to formulate scientific and democratic educational policies. Finally, through various channels, it promotes the dissemination and promotion of scientific research results. China's educational science research management institutions should take advantage of their own advantages and guide the development of China's educational science research from theoretical research to concern for educational practice through financial assistance. To increase the use of evidence-based experiments in the field of education and scientific research, to collect relevant data on educational research activities and achievements, to update websites and databases in time, and to announce the progress of scientific research to the society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G571.2
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 田慧生;;當(dāng)前我國教育科研面臨的形勢和任務(wù)[J];教育研究;2016年03期
2 范國睿;杜明峰;曹s，
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