【摘要】：由于父母長(zhǎng)期在外打工,農(nóng)村留守青少年長(zhǎng)期生活在親子親情缺失的不利環(huán)境中。研究表明,農(nóng)村留守青少年的消極情緒水平顯著高于非留守青少年(Zhao,LiuWang,2015)。由于消極情緒的長(zhǎng)期伴隨和累積會(huì)影響留守青少年的積極健康成長(zhǎng),揭示能夠降低留守青少年消極情緒的作用機(jī)制成為近年來(lái)研究者關(guān)注的重要主題。但是,越來(lái)越多的研究者認(rèn)識(shí)到心理健康不僅僅是沒(méi)有心理疾病,還應(yīng)包括高生活滿意度等積極心理健康狀態(tài)的擁有。因此,為更好的理解農(nóng)村留守青少年的心理健康水平,促進(jìn)其積極發(fā)展,本研究不僅探討降低農(nóng)村留守青少年消極情緒的保護(hù)機(jī)制,同時(shí)也對(duì)其積極情緒的保護(hù)因素及其作用機(jī)制進(jìn)行研究。由于父母長(zhǎng)期在外打工,祖父母(外祖父母)成為農(nóng)村留守青少年尤其是雙親外出青少年的主要照料者,祖輩與青少年積極的情感聯(lián)結(jié)對(duì)留守青少年的積極適應(yīng)具有重要作用。因此,本研究選取雙親外出留守青少年作為樣本,關(guān)注隔代親合、逆境信念這兩個(gè)保護(hù)因素對(duì)其抑郁、生活滿意度的影響,并對(duì)這兩個(gè)保護(hù)因素的作用機(jī)制進(jìn)行探討。同時(shí),本研究也將以非留守青少年群體作為對(duì)照組,探討兩類青少年在各變量及作用機(jī)制上可能存在的差異。采用隔代親合、逆境信念、抑郁與生活滿意度量表對(duì)204名雙親外出青少年和259名非留守青少年進(jìn)行了測(cè)查,考察了兩類青少年隔代親合、逆境信念、抑郁和生活滿意度的特點(diǎn),檢驗(yàn)了隔代親合對(duì)兩類青少年抑郁、生活滿意度的直接預(yù)測(cè)作用,探討了兩類青少年的逆境信念在隔代親合與抑郁、生活滿意度之間的中介作用機(jī)制及可能存在的差異。主要研究結(jié)果如下:1.雙親外出青少年與非留守青少年在逆境信念水平上存在差異,非留守青少年的逆境信念水平顯著高于雙親外出青少年;雙親外出青少年與非留守青少年在隔代親合、抑郁及生活滿意度水平上不存在顯著差異。2.在雙親外出青少年群體和非留守青少年群體中,隔代親合與抑郁均呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān),與生活滿意度均呈顯著正相關(guān);隔代親合與逆境信念均呈顯著正相關(guān);逆境信念與抑郁呈均呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān),與生活滿意度呈顯著正相關(guān)。3.隔代親合能顯著負(fù)向預(yù)測(cè)雙親外出青少年和非留守青少年的抑郁水平,即隔代親合水平越高,兩類青少年的抑郁水平越低;隔代親合能顯著正向預(yù)測(cè)雙親外出青少年和非留守青少年的生活滿意度水平,即隔代親合水平越高,兩類青少年的生活滿意度水平越高。進(jìn)一步研究發(fā)現(xiàn),隔代親合對(duì)雙親外出青少年抑郁、生活滿意度的直接預(yù)測(cè)作用高于非留守青少年。4.逆境信念在隔代親合與抑郁之間存在中介作用;逆境信念在隔代親合與生活滿意度之間也存在中介作用。5.逆境信念在隔代親合與抑郁之間的中介作用存在留守類別差異。留守類別差異均表現(xiàn)在隔代親合對(duì)逆境信念的預(yù)測(cè)路徑上,即雙親外出青少年的隔代親合對(duì)逆境信念的影響大于非留守青少年,隔代親合對(duì)雙親外出青少年逆境信念的提升作用更大。6.在雙親外出青少年和非留守青少年群體中分別對(duì)逆境信念在隔代親合與生活滿意度之間的中介模型進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn),發(fā)現(xiàn)在兩個(gè)群體中逆境信念僅能邊緣顯著預(yù)測(cè)生活滿意度;并且逆境信念的中介效應(yīng)在兩個(gè)群體中均沒(méi)有達(dá)到顯著水平。
[Abstract]:Because the parents have long been working outside, the young people in rural areas have long lived in the adverse environment of the lack of parents and relatives. The study shows that the negative emotional level of the young people in rural areas is significantly higher than that of the non left behind adolescents (Zhao, LiuWang, 2015). However, more and more researchers have realized that mental health is not only without psychological disease, but also should include positive mental health status such as high life satisfaction. Therefore, to better understand the youth left behind in rural areas. This study not only discusses the protection mechanism of reducing the negative emotions of the young left behind in rural areas, but also studies the protective factors and mechanisms of their positive emotions. The main caregivers of young people, the positive emotional link between the grandparents and the youngsters plays an important role in the active adaptation of the youngsters. Therefore, this study chooses the parents of the parents to stay away as a sample, and pays attention to the influence of the two protective factors on their depression and life satisfaction, and the two protective factors. At the same time, the study will also take the non retained youth group as the control group to explore the possible differences between the two types of adolescents in each variable and the mechanism of action. 204 adolescents and 259 non retained adolescents were measured by the intergenerational affinity, adversity belief, depression and life satisfaction scale. We examined the characteristics of two types of adolescents' intergeneration, adversity belief, depression and life satisfaction, and examined the direct prediction of two types of adolescent depression and life satisfaction, and discussed the mediating mechanism and the possible difference between the adversity belief of two types of adolescents in the intergeneration and depression and the life satisfaction. The main results are as follows: 1. there is a difference in the level of adversity belief between the teenagers and the non staying young people, and the level of adversity belief is significantly higher than that of the two parents, and there is no significant difference in the level of depression and life satisfaction between the two parents and those of the non left behind adolescents. There was significant negative correlation and positive correlation with life satisfaction, and there was a significant positive correlation between intergeneration and adversity belief, and there was a significant negative correlation between adversity belief and depression, and a significant positive correlation with survival satisfaction in.3. generation was significant. The higher the level of depression, the higher the level of Intergeneration affinity, the lower the level of depression in the two types of adolescents, the higher the level of life satisfaction, the higher the level of Intergeneration affinity and the life satisfaction water of the two types of adolescents. Further studies have found that the direct prediction of depression and life satisfaction is higher than that of non left behind adolescents..4. adversity belief has a mediating role in the intergeneration and depression, while adversity belief has a mediating role of.5. adversity belief in the next generation. The difference in the mediating role of combination and depression exists in the left behind category. The differences in the retention category are all manifested in the prediction path of the adversity belief, that is, the influence of the next generation of parents on the adversity belief is greater than that of the non left behind teenagers, and the promotion effect of the next generation of parents on the adversity belief of the two parents is greater in.6.. The mediating model of adversity belief and life satisfaction was tested among the adolescents and non staying adolescents. It was found that adversity belief could only predict life satisfaction in the two groups, and the mediating effect of adversity belief did not reach a significant level in the two groups.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B844.2

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本文編號(hào)：2149337