本文選題：注意焦點(diǎn) + 社會(huì)排斥　； 參考：《沈陽師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：社會(huì)排斥被定義為被忽視和被排斥在外,是一種普遍且復(fù)雜的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。社會(huì)排斥會(huì)導(dǎo)致個(gè)體基本需要(歸屬需要、自尊需要、控制需要和存在的意義感)的降低,但社會(huì)排斥對(duì)個(gè)體的影響是因人而異的。本文通過兩個(gè)研究,檢驗(yàn)注意焦點(diǎn)對(duì)維持社會(huì)排斥負(fù)面影響的作用。在研究一中,共108名有效被試,隨機(jī)分為四組:OST-SFA自我關(guān)注排斥組(52人),OST-EFA外部關(guān)注排斥組(15人),INC-SFA自我關(guān)注接納組(24人),INC-EFA外部關(guān)注接納組(17人)。通過Cyberball程序?qū)⒈辉嚪譃榕懦夂徒蛹{兩種情境并隨即完成post-Cyberball中文版問卷1,隨后被試進(jìn)入一段時(shí)間的延遲期,在延遲期被試回答四個(gè)問題,這四個(gè)問題將被試分為注意對(duì)內(nèi)和注意對(duì)外組,最后完成post-Cyberball中文版問卷2測(cè)量被試的需要威脅程度。研究一結(jié)果顯示在遲期中,注意焦點(diǎn)對(duì)需要威脅的持續(xù)沒有影響。然而,自我關(guān)注排斥組被試的事后分析結(jié)果顯示:在延遲期進(jìn)行重新評(píng)價(jià)的被試比沒有進(jìn)行重新評(píng)價(jià)的被試需要威脅恢復(fù)地更快。研究一結(jié)果表明社會(huì)排斥會(huì)造成個(gè)體基本需要受到威脅;注意焦點(diǎn)對(duì)社會(huì)排斥的影響是雙面的,個(gè)體只有進(jìn)行自發(fā)的重新評(píng)價(jià)時(shí),注意焦點(diǎn)才能有助于個(gè)體需要威脅的恢復(fù)�；谘芯恳坏慕Y(jié)果,在研究二中只有自我關(guān)注排斥組,共70名有效被試。實(shí)驗(yàn)二中被試完成網(wǎng)絡(luò)小球范式后填寫post-Cyberball中文版問卷1,隨后回答四道注意焦點(diǎn)對(duì)內(nèi)操作題目,被試一周后回到實(shí)驗(yàn)室完成post-Cyberball中文版問卷2與一系列個(gè)體差異量表。研究二結(jié)果顯示在排斥后的延時(shí)期,進(jìn)行重新評(píng)價(jià)的個(gè)體需要威脅恢復(fù)更快。個(gè)體差異測(cè)量顯示未能進(jìn)行重新評(píng)價(jià)的被試報(bào)告了更多的壓力、焦慮和懼怕否定評(píng)價(jià)。因此,研究結(jié)果顯示,低焦慮、壓力和懼怕否定個(gè)體更傾向于進(jìn)行重新評(píng)價(jià),進(jìn)而能夠更快從社會(huì)排斥的負(fù)面影響中恢復(fù)。
[Abstract]:Social exclusion, defined as neglected and excluded, is a universal and complex social phenomenon. Social exclusion can lead to the reduction of individual basic needs (belonging needs, self-esteem needs, control needs and sense of meaning of existence), but the impact of social exclusion on individuals is different from person to person. Through two studies, this paper examines the role of the focus on maintaining the negative impact of social exclusion. In the first study, 108 effective subjects were randomly divided into four groups: OST-SFA self-care rejection group (52 persons) and OST-EFA external attention rejection group (15 patients), and INC-SFA self-care admission group (24 patients) and INC-EFA external attention admission group (17 patients). The subjects were divided into two situations of exclusion and acceptance by Cyberball program and then completed post-Cyberball Chinese version questionnaire 1. Then the subjects entered a period of delay and answered four questions in the delay period. The four questions were divided into two groups: the attention to the internal group and the attention to the external group, and the post-Cyberball questionnaire 2 was completed to measure the degree of need threat. The results of one study showed that the focus had no effect on the persistence of the need threat in the late term. However, the post-event analysis of the self-focused rejection group showed that the participants who re-evaluated in the delayed period needed to recover more quickly than those who did not. The results of one study show that social exclusion will threaten the basic needs of individuals, and the effect of focus on social exclusion is dual. Only when individuals carry out spontaneous re-evaluation, can the focus of attention contribute to the recovery of individual needs threats. Based on the results of study 1, there were only 70 effective subjects in study 2. In experiment 2, after completing the network ball paradigm, the subjects filled out post-Cyberball Chinese version questionnaire 1, and then answered four focused internal operation questions. After one week, the subjects returned to the laboratory to complete post-Cyberball Chinese version questionnaire 2 and a series of individual differences scales. The second study showed that in the delayed period after rejection, the reevaluated individuals needed to recover more quickly. Individual difference measurements showed that participants who failed to reassess reported more negative evaluations of stress, anxiety, and fear. Therefore, the results show that individuals with low anxiety, stress and fear are more likely to reevaluate and recover more quickly from the negative effects of social exclusion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B844.2

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