本文選題：企業(yè)家　切入點：日常概念　出處：《山東師范大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟發(fā)展加快,企業(yè)家在社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中的作用也備受關(guān)注。大學生是未來創(chuàng)業(yè)的主力軍,是青年人中的精英群體,企業(yè)家形象對于立志自主創(chuàng)業(yè)的青年人具有不可替代的榜樣引導作用,了解大學生心目中關(guān)于企業(yè)家的日常概念不僅可以概括當前文化環(huán)境下企業(yè)家概念的時代特征,幫助準確地預測大學生的創(chuàng)業(yè)行為,而且也可以為當前在高等院校中廣泛開展的創(chuàng)業(yè)教育提供基礎(chǔ)信息。本研究旨在探討大學生關(guān)于企業(yè)家的日常概念,并圍繞此目標設(shè)計4個研究。首先采用開放式問題調(diào)查總結(jié)出概括企業(yè)家特征的詞匯(研究1);然后根據(jù)被試對這些詞匯的重要程度評分,定量區(qū)分企業(yè)家概念的中心特征與周邊特征(研究2);接著采用三個子研究驗證企業(yè)家中心特征與周邊特征的劃分(研究3),包括運用反應時范式考察被試對中心/周邊特征詞的反應時與錯誤率(研究3a),運用記憶材料考察被試對中心/周邊特征詞的真實記憶與錯誤記憶成績(研究3b),以及考察中心/周邊/中性三類特征詞能夠激活關(guān)于企業(yè)家聯(lián)想的程度(研究3c);最后通過比較與科學家及領(lǐng)導者在這些特征上的差異,進一步證實大學生心目中關(guān)于企業(yè)家特有的日常概念(研究4)。本研究主要結(jié)論如下:1.大學生通常主要運用34個特征詞來描述他們心目中的企業(yè)家,即大學生關(guān)于企業(yè)家的日常概念由34個特征詞構(gòu)成(研究1)。2.大學生關(guān)于企業(yè)家的日常概念由中心特征和周邊特征兩部分構(gòu)成,它們又各包括有17個特征詞。中心特征詞有:把握機遇、自信、執(zhí)行力、領(lǐng)導力強、善于交際、勤奮、果斷有魄力、沉著、遠見卓識、有雄心、堅韌、嚴謹、創(chuàng)新、智慧、靈活變通、積極向上、責任心;周邊特征詞有:敢于冒險、成功、大氣、有氣場、道德誠信、忙碌操勞、有錢、慈善、利益至上、節(jié)儉、西裝革履、男性、有家庭背景、其貌不揚、年齡大、不擇手段、虛榮浮躁(研究2)。3.相對于周邊特征,大學生根據(jù)中心特征來判斷企業(yè)家的錯誤率更低,而且判斷的速度更快,說明中心特征詞在企業(yè)家概念中更具核心地位和中心性(研究3a)。4.大學生對中心特征詞的正確回憶數(shù)低于周邊特征,而且回憶錯誤率不存在顯著差異,大學生對中心特征與周邊特征的正確再認數(shù)也不存在顯著差異。但對于錯誤記憶,中心特征詞的錯誤回憶與錯誤再認數(shù)均高于周邊特征,說明大學生是基于對企業(yè)家深層次的理解來概括企業(yè)家特征的(研究3b)。5.當使用中心特征詞來描述目標對象時,被試最容易將該目標對象識別為企業(yè)家,使用周邊特征描述目標對象時次之,當使用無關(guān)特征描述目標對象時,被試將該對象識別為企業(yè)家的程度最低,說明中心特征詞相較于周邊特征詞更能激活大學生關(guān)于企業(yè)家的聯(lián)想(研究3c)。5.使用研究1總結(jié)出來的34個特征詞為探測詞,評價企業(yè)家、科學家、領(lǐng)導者的相符程度,在有錢、其貌不揚、虛榮浮躁、自信、執(zhí)行力、領(lǐng)導力強、勤奮、沉著、遠見卓識、嚴謹、大氣、有氣場、道德誠信、忙碌操勞、節(jié)儉、有家庭背景等16個特征上企業(yè)家與領(lǐng)導者明顯不同;在把握機遇、領(lǐng)導力強、善于交際、有錢、利益至上、西裝革履、不擇手段、勤奮、嚴謹、道德誠信、節(jié)儉等11個特征上企業(yè)家與科學家明顯不同。說明大學生關(guān)于企業(yè)家的日常概念明顯不同于科學家與領(lǐng)導者,這三種成功人士在概念上具有清晰的邊界及交叉(研究4)。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of economic development and function of the entrepreneur in the social and economic development is also of concern. College students are the main force in the future business, young people in the elite group, entrepreneur image plays an irreplaceable role in entrepreneurship to lead by example for young people, everyday concepts about entrepreneurs in the eyes of college students can not only summarize solutions the cultural environment of entrepreneur concept characteristics of the times, help to accurately predict the entrepreneurial behavior of college students, but also can provide basic information for the extensive development of entrepreneurship education in Colleges and universities. The purpose of this study is to investigate students' daily concepts about entrepreneurs, and on the design of 4 research. The investigation summarizes the summary characteristics of entrepreneurs the vocabulary using open problem in the first place (1); and then were tested according to the magnitude of these vocabulary scores, quantitative distinction between enterprises The center features and features around the concept of home industry (2); then we divided three sub studies verify the characteristics and features of the surrounding entrepreneurial center (3), including the use of reaction time paradigm study subjects on central / peripheral features of word reaction time and error rate (3a), using the memory material study subjects the central / peripheral feature words true memory and false memory scores (3b), and the central / peripheral / neutral three feature words can activate the entrepreneur on Lenovo degree (3C); finally, by comparing with scientists and leaders in these characteristics, further confirmed the concept of entrepreneurial daily the minds of college students (study 4). The main conclusions of this study are as follows: 1. college students usually using 34 feature words to describe their minds of entrepreneurs, namely students about enterprise daily concept by 34 Feature words form (Study 1).2. students daily concept about entrepreneurs is composed of two parts: center characteristics and surrounding features, they each include 17 feature words. Words have a central feature: grasp the opportunity, confidence, execution, strong leadership, good communication, hard work, the courage, calm and foresight ambitious, tenacious, rigorous, innovation, wisdom, flexible, positive, sense of responsibility; the surrounding feature words: adventure, success, atmosphere, aura, moral integrity, busy work, money, charity, interests, thrift, male, family background in Western dress and leather shoes, old, ugly in appearance, and use unscrupulous divisive tactics. Vanity impetuous (Study 2).3. relative to the surrounding features, according to the characteristics of students center to determine the entrepreneur's error rate is lower, and the judgment is faster, that heart feature word in the entrepreneur concept more core position and the center of the (3a). 4. students correct memories of the features of the word number is lower than the surrounding center features, but there was no significant difference in memory error rate, students of the center and the surrounding features characteristic of correct recognition of the number does not exist significant differences. But for false memories, false memories and wrong center features of word recognition error number is higher than that of the surrounding features description college students are based on a deeper understanding of entrepreneurs to summarize the characteristics of entrepreneurs (3b).5. when using center feature words to describe the target object, is most likely to be the target object recognition for entrepreneurs, using peripheral features to describe the target object at the time, when using the independent description of the features of the target object, subjects the object recognition for the entrepreneur and the lowest level of that center feature compared to the surrounding feature words can activate Lenovo on entrepreneurial college students (study 3C).5. total use of 1 node The 34 character words for detection, evaluation of entrepreneurs, scientists, the degree of match leader in rich, confident, ugly in appearance, vanity impetuous, execution, strong leadership, diligent, rigorous, calm, vision, atmosphere, aura, moral integrity, busy working, thrifty, family background and other 16 characteristics entrepreneurs and leaders are obviously different; to grasp the opportunity, strong leadership, good communication, money, interests, diligent, rigorous in Western dress and leather shoes, and use unscrupulous divisive tactics, moral integrity, thrift and other 11 characteristics of entrepreneurs and scientists are obviously different. Daily concept of college students on entrepreneurship is significantly different from scientists and leaders, the three successful people with clear boundary and cross in concept (Study 4).

【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B844.2

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