發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-05 19:37

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：教師地位研究：中西文化比較的視角　出處：《深圳大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 教師 教師地位 文化比較

【摘要】：一般有關(guān)教師地位的研究,大都從政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、學(xué)科等角度來展開,少有從文化比較角度來進(jìn)行。人人都可能會(huì)說教師職業(yè)很重要,教師地位應(yīng)該高,但實(shí)際上教師地位長期以來卻處于“虛高”而“實(shí)低”的矛盾之中。由于種種原因,導(dǎo)致當(dāng)代中國的教師地位被矮化了,遠(yuǎn)不如政府公務(wù)員、商界人士和網(wǎng)絡(luò)“大V”。教師工作辛苦,責(zé)任重大,但卻心靈迷茫,包括教育界在內(nèi)的社會(huì)各界普遍缺乏對(duì)教師地位的正確認(rèn)識(shí)�；谶@樣的觀察,本文試圖從文化的角度對(duì)教師地位進(jìn)行中西比較研究。通過研究教師在不同文化系統(tǒng)中的不同地位,揭示出中國教師所承擔(dān)的獨(dú)特而崇高的文化使命,來幫助人們?nèi)ブ匦露ㄎ恢袊處熢诋?dāng)代應(yīng)該具有怎樣的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)地位。本文的意義在于為教師地位的提高,找到文化維度上的關(guān)鍵理由。通過研究,本文得出以下觀點(diǎn)。首先,由于中西文化系統(tǒng)存在家國組織與城邦制度、德性文化與理性文化,以及圣人情懷與宗教情懷的差異,中國教師在中國文化系統(tǒng)所承載的使命遠(yuǎn)大于西方教師之與西方文化系統(tǒng)。中國傳統(tǒng)文化把教師與“天地君親”并列,放到很崇高的位置。教師不僅要“授業(yè)”、“解惑”,更加要傳“道”,不僅教人做事,更要教人做人,教師是文化和信仰的傳承者。比較而言,由于西方文化中“宗教—牧師”系統(tǒng)承擔(dān)著信仰的教化,這就為世俗的“學(xué)�！處煛毕到y(tǒng)減少了很大一部分有關(guān)靈魂性的工作,而中國教師則身兼教師(teacher)和牧師(priest)的雙重角色和雙重?fù)?dān)當(dāng),使命更為崇高而沉重。其次,我們正在努力實(shí)現(xiàn)的中華民族偉大復(fù)興之夢不僅包括經(jīng)濟(jì)富強(qiáng)之夢,尤其還包括文化大國之夢,這就意味著教師既要扮演“科學(xué)之師”,更要扮演“人文之師”和“精神之師”。教育不僅是“職業(yè)”,更加是“使命”。教師應(yīng)銜接“過去”與“未來”,貫通“蒼穹”與“大地”,肩負(fù)“傳承”與“創(chuàng)新”。我們不僅需要現(xiàn)代西方意義的“教師”,更需要“道”的“守護(hù)者”和“傳承者”。中國教師的使命與責(zé)任極為重大,但是賦予教師的地位卻不能與其使命和責(zé)任相匹配。中國教師承擔(dān)的比西方教師多,而其經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治地位卻還趕不上他們。第三,現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程中的中國社會(huì)賦予教師越來越高的要求,越來越重的工作,要使教師能擔(dān)當(dāng)此任,就一定要賦予與之相匹配的教師地位�；诖�,我們應(yīng)從國家的制度和政策、社會(huì)和媒體的宣傳引導(dǎo)、學(xué)校治理、家長的尊重包容、教師的選拔培養(yǎng)等多方面著手。本文在訪談的基礎(chǔ)上著重從學(xué)校與教師的關(guān)系、教師選拔與培養(yǎng)、以及教師自身修養(yǎng)等三方面提出了建議,促進(jìn)教育內(nèi)部自我提高教師地位。
[Abstract]:Most of the researches on teachers' status are carried out from the angle of politics, economy and discipline, but rarely from the angle of cultural comparison. Everyone may say that the profession of teachers is very important, and teachers' status should be high. However, in fact, the status of teachers has been in the contradiction of "false high" and "real low" for a long time. Due to various reasons, the status of teachers in contemporary China has been dwarfed, which is far less than that of government civil servants. Business people and the Internet are "Big V". Teachers work hard and have a heavy responsibility, but their hearts are confused. All walks of life, including the education sector, generally lack a correct understanding of the status of teachers. This observation is based on this observation. This paper attempts to make a comparative study on the status of teachers from the perspective of culture. By studying the different roles of teachers in different cultural systems, this paper reveals the unique and lofty cultural mission that Chinese teachers undertake. To help people to reposition the political and economic status of Chinese teachers in the contemporary era. The significance of this paper is to improve the status of teachers, to find the key reasons in the cultural dimension. Through research. First of all, there are differences between Chinese and Western cultural systems, such as family organization and city-state system, moral culture and rational culture, as well as the feelings of saints and religions. The mission of Chinese teachers in the Chinese cultural system is far greater than that of western teachers and western cultural systems. Chinese traditional culture juxtaposes teachers with "King of Heaven and Earth". Teachers should not only "teach", "solve doubts", but also preach "Tao", not only teach people to do things, but also teach people to be human. Teachers are the inheritors of culture and belief. Because the religious-pastor system in western culture is responsible for the enlightenment of faith, this reduces a large part of the spiritual work for the secular "school- teacher" system. Chinese teachers, on the other hand, have a dual role and a dual role as teachers and clergymen. The mission is even more noble and heavy. Secondly. The dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, which we are striving to realize, includes not only the dream of economic prosperity and strength, but also the dream of a large country of culture, which means that teachers should play the role of "the teacher of science". Education is not only a profession, but also a mission. Teachers should connect the past with the future, and connect the heaven with the earth. We need not only "teachers" in modern western sense, but also "guardians" and "inheritors" of Tao. The mission and responsibility of Chinese teachers are extremely important. But the status given to teachers does not match their mission and responsibilities. Chinese teachers bear more than Western teachers, but their economic and political status is not equal to theirs. Third. In the process of modernization, Chinese society gives teachers more and more high requirements and more and more important work. In order to enable teachers to take up this role, they must be endowed with the matching status of teachers. Based on this. We should be guided by national systems and policies, social and media advocacy, school governance, and parental respect and inclusiveness. On the basis of interviews, this paper puts forward some suggestions from three aspects: the relationship between school and teacher, the selection and training of teachers, and teachers' self-cultivation. To promote self-improvement in education and teachers' status.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：深圳大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G451

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