發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-17 16:03

【摘要】： 目的 運(yùn)用訪談法和問卷調(diào)查法測量鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院衛(wèi)生工作人員的壓力水平和應(yīng)對(duì)方式,比較不同群體衛(wèi)生工作者壓力和應(yīng)對(duì)方式的差別,探討鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院衛(wèi)生工作者壓力現(xiàn)狀,工作、生活的壓力源以及面對(duì)壓力所采取的應(yīng)對(duì)方式。為鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院衛(wèi)生工作者改善應(yīng)對(duì)方式和提高工作效率提供真實(shí)可靠的信息。 方法 通過查閱資料和實(shí)地訪談制定《鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院衛(wèi)生工作者壓力問卷》,應(yīng)對(duì)方式的測量采用肖計(jì)劃等編制的《應(yīng)對(duì)方式問卷》。以撫順縣11所鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院的112名衛(wèi)生工作者為研究對(duì)象。采用因子分析和Cronbach系數(shù)對(duì)《鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院衛(wèi)生工作者壓力問卷》進(jìn)行效度和信度分析,采用獨(dú)立樣本T檢驗(yàn)和方差分析對(duì)不同群體的衛(wèi)生工作者的壓力水平、壓力源和應(yīng)對(duì)方式進(jìn)行比較。 結(jié)果 1、《鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院衛(wèi)生工作者的壓力問卷》的信度和效度較好。鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院衛(wèi)生工作者的心理壓力主要由七個(gè)因子組成:工作壓力、組織壓力、人際交往壓力、醫(yī)患關(guān)系壓力、經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力、環(huán)境壓力和家庭壓力。 2、撫順縣鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院衛(wèi)生工作者的壓力水平為“壓力很小”。 3、不同性別的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院衛(wèi)生工作者在壓力的總分和各因子分上不存在顯著性差異。 4、不同年齡衛(wèi)生工作者在總分和工作壓力、組織壓力、人際關(guān)系壓力、經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力、環(huán)境壓力、家庭壓力等分量表方面都存在顯著差異(P＜0.05)。 5、不同等級(jí)醫(yī)院的衛(wèi)生工作者的壓力存在顯著性差異(P＜0.05)。 6、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院衛(wèi)生工作者的應(yīng)對(duì)方式較為成熟,多以采取“解決問題”為主,其余分量表按得分由高到低依序?yàn)椤扒笾�、“避退”、“合理化”、“幻想”、“自�?zé)”。 7、不同性別鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院衛(wèi)生工作者的應(yīng)對(duì)方式存在顯著性差異(P＜0.01)。 8、不同年齡鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院衛(wèi)生工作者的應(yīng)對(duì)方式存在顯著性差異(P＜0.05)。 9、不同等級(jí)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院衛(wèi)生工作者的應(yīng)對(duì)方式不存在顯著性差異。 結(jié)論 撫順縣鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院衛(wèi)生工作者的壓力主要來源于七個(gè)方面:工作壓力、組織壓力、人際交往壓力、醫(yī)患關(guān)系壓力、經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力、環(huán)境壓力及家庭壓力。衛(wèi)生工作者壓力處于較低水平。不同年齡、醫(yī)院等級(jí)的衛(wèi)生工作者的壓力存在顯著性差異。隨著年齡的增長,衛(wèi)生工作者的壓力也逐漸增大,其中40～49歲組和50～59歲組兩組衛(wèi)生工作者的壓力最高。 撫順縣鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院衛(wèi)生工作者的應(yīng)對(duì)方式較為成熟,多以采取“解決問題”和“求助”為主。不同性別、不同年齡衛(wèi)生工作者的應(yīng)對(duì)方式存在顯著性差異,男性傾向于使用解決問題的方式應(yīng)對(duì)壓力,而女性更傾向于求助他人和使問題合理化。年輕的衛(wèi)生工作者傾向于使用解決問題的應(yīng)對(duì)方式,隨著年齡的增長,鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院衛(wèi)生工作者面對(duì)壓力是更傾向于使用退避的方式。
[Abstract]:Objective to measure the stress levels and coping styles of health workers in township health centers by means of interviews and questionnaires, and to compare the differences of stress and coping styles among different groups of health workers. To explore the status quo of health workers in township health centers, the stressors of their work and life, and the coping styles taken in the face of stress. To provide real and reliable information for health workers in township health centers to improve coping style and work efficiency. Methods the questionnaire for health workers' stress in township health centers was established by consulting data and field interviews, and the coping style questionnaire was compiled by Xiao plan. 112 health workers in 11 township health centers in Fushun County were studied. Factor analysis and Cronbach coefficient were used to analyze the validity and reliability of the Health Workers' stress questionnaire in Township Hospitals, and the independent sample T test and variance analysis were used to analyze the stress level of different groups of health workers. Stress sources and coping styles were compared. Results 1. The reliability and validity of the stress questionnaire for Health Workers in Township Hospitals were good. The psychological stress of health workers in township health centers is mainly composed of seven factors: work pressure, organizational pressure, interpersonal stress, doctor-patient relationship pressure, economic pressure, environmental pressure and family pressure. 2. The stress level of health workers in Fushun County Township Health Center was very small. 3. There was no significant difference in the total score of stress and the scores of factors among the health workers of township health centers of different genders. 4. There were significant differences in total score and work stress, organizational stress, interpersonal stress, economic stress, environmental stress and family stress scale among health workers of different ages (P < 0.05). 5. There was significant difference in stress among health workers in different grade hospitals (P < 0.05). 6. The coping style of health workers in township health centers is more mature, mainly "problem solving", and the other sub-scales are "seeking help", "avoiding retreat", "rationalization", "fantasy" and "self-reproach" according to the score from high to low. 7. There were significant differences in coping styles among health workers of township health centers of different sexes (P < 0.01). 8. There were significant differences in coping styles among health workers of township health centers at different ages (P < 0.05). 9. There was no significant difference in coping styles among health workers of township health centers at different levels. Conclusion the stress of health workers in Fushun township health center mainly comes from seven aspects: work pressure, organizational pressure, interpersonal pressure, doctor-patient relationship pressure, economic pressure, environmental pressure and family pressure. Health workers are at a low level of stress. There were significant differences in stress among health workers of different ages and hospital grades. With the increase of age, the stress of health workers increases gradually, and the health workers aged 40 to 49 years old and 50 to 59 years old have the highest stress. The health workers of Township Health Center in Fushun County are more mature in coping style, mainly adopting "problem solving" and "asking for help". There are significant differences in coping styles among health workers of different sexes and ages. Men tend to use problem-solving methods to cope with stress, while women tend to seek help and rationalize problems. Young health workers tend to use problem-solving coping styles. With the increase of age, township health workers are more inclined to use the way of retreat in the face of stress.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：R395

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