空氣細顆粒物暴露對人群DNA損傷的影響
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-13 01:39
【摘要】： 顆粒物是一種重要的空氣污染物,它對人群健康的影響與其粒徑大小、化學組成密切相關(guān)。顆粒物各組分中對健康危害最大的是細顆粒物即PM25,指空氣動力學直徑2.5μm的顆粒物。隨著PM2.5對人群健康的危害被廣泛認識,美國于1997年制定了PM2.5的大氣質(zhì)量標準：日均值65μg／m3,年均值15gg／m3,并于2006年將日均值下調(diào)至35μg／m3,其限制非常嚴格。我國1996年開始將PM10納入大氣衛(wèi)生標準,而對PM2.5至今仍未制定相關(guān)大氣衛(wèi)生標準。不少學者認為顆粒物致DNA損傷的主要成分是重金屬和多環(huán)芳烴等有機化合物。顆粒物的DNA損傷作用已經(jīng)在許多動物實驗和體外實驗中得到了證實。近年來國外對于PM2.5致DNA損傷的人群研究也有所報道。但是在國內(nèi)目前少有此類人群研究。 本次研究選取我國典型的PM2.5污染為煤煙與機動車尾氣污染混合型的大城市上海,選擇外勤交警作為高暴露組,研究在一般空氣暴露水平下,PM2.5的高暴露人群與普通暴露人群DNA損傷程度,探索PM2.5致DNA損傷的內(nèi)暴露和效應(yīng)生物標志。 第一部分研究人群的PM25暴露情況。本研究分冬、夏兩季進行,每季以個體采樣器一次連續(xù)24h監(jiān)測研究對象的PM2.5暴露情況。數(shù)據(jù)顯示,冬夏兩季高暴露組PM2.5暴露均顯著高于低暴露組；冬季高暴露組和低暴露組PM2.5暴露分別是夏季的1.33倍和1.25倍,冬夏暴露差異顯著。由于我國目前尚沒有大氣PM2.5濃度限值,以美國EPA1997年制定的PM2.5大氣質(zhì)量標準65μg／m3來衡量,冬季和夏季高暴露組分別超過標準0.78倍和0.34倍。雖然低暴露組冬季僅超標0.15倍,夏季略低于標準,但是若以EPA2006年的新標準35μg/m3來衡量,對照組超標0.7倍以上。因此可見,上海大氣PM2.5污染仍然比較嚴重,特別是交警等市中心外勤高暴露人群,PM2.5暴露對健康的影響不容忽視。 目前研究表明,在PM2.5各組分中對DNA損傷影響最大的是重金屬和PAHs兩大類物質(zhì)。1-OHP被認為是個體對PAHs暴露程度的生物監(jiān)測指標,廣泛用于人群的PAHs內(nèi)暴露評價。PAHs在大氣中是以固態(tài)顆粒的形式存在的,其中大部分存在于PM2.5中。本研究中,在冬夏兩季,PM2.5日均個體暴露量與尿1-OHP濃度均有較好的線性相關(guān)關(guān)系,冬夏兩季Pearson相關(guān)系數(shù)r分別為0.56和0.45(P0.05),結(jié)果顯示,若無特殊PAHs暴露,可將個體尿1-OHP濃度作為PM2.5的內(nèi)暴露生物標志。 第二部分研究人群DNA損傷情況及其與PM2.5暴露的關(guān)系。在本研究中,高暴露組外周血淋巴細胞彗尾率在冬夏兩季分別為15.20%和12.64%,均顯著高于低暴露組的彗尾率10.05%和7.83%(P0.05),并且細胞受損級別越高,兩組差距越大�？梢娤鄬τ诘捅┞督M,高暴露組淋巴細胞不但DNA受損細胞數(shù)更多,受損細胞的DNA損傷程度也更高。冬夏兩季高暴露組淋巴細胞OMT和DNA尾部含量均顯著高于低暴露組,且兩個指標呈良好的線性相關(guān)關(guān)系。OMT與影響因素多元Logistic回歸分析結(jié)果顯示,在校正年齡和工齡后,OMT隨著PM2.5日均暴露濃度增加而增大。冬夏兩季高暴露組外周血白細胞BPDE-DNA加合物均顯著高于低暴露組。BPDE-DNA加合物與影響因素多元Logistic回歸分析結(jié)果顯示,在校正年齡和工齡后,PM25日均暴露濃度增加1μg／m3,BPDE-DNA加合物陽性O(shè)R為1.04(冬季)和1.03(夏季)。由以上結(jié)果可以得出,在目前上海PM2.5暴露情況下,高暴露人群外周血淋巴細胞DNA損傷程度顯著高于低暴露人群,如能采取有效措施降低大氣PM2.5濃度將能有效地降低人群DNA損傷程度。 本次研究結(jié)果表明,外周血淋巴細胞彗星試驗結(jié)果OMT可作為PM2.5致人群DNA損傷的效應(yīng)生物標志,但是由于在平常致DNA損傷的因素較多,因此沒有較好的特異性。若無特殊PAHs暴露,可將外周血白細胞BPDE-DNA加合物作為PM2.5致人群DNA損傷的效應(yīng)生物標志。
[Abstract]:The particulate matter is an important air pollutant, and its influence on the population's health is closely related to its particle size and chemical composition. The most harmful to the health hazard in each component of the particulate matter is the fine particulate matter, PM25, which refers to the particulate matter of the aerodynamic diameter of 2.5. m As the harm of PM2.5 to the health of the population is widely recognized, the United States has established the air quality standard of PM2.5 in 1997: the daily average value is 65. mu. g/ m3, the annual average value is 15mg/ m3, and the daily average value is reduced to 35. m u.g/ m3 in 2006, and the restriction is very strict. The PM10 has been incorporated into the atmospheric health standard in 1996, and the relevant atmospheric health standards have not yet been established for PM2.5. Many scholars believe that the main components of the DNA damage caused by particulate matter are heavy metals and organic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The DNA damage of particulate matter has been demonstrated in many animal experiments and in vitro experiments. In recent years, the study of the population of PM2.5-induced DNA damage has also been reported. However, there are few such population studies in the country. In this study, the typical PM2.5 pollution in China is selected as a large city in which soot and motor vehicle tail gas are polluted, and the field traffic police are selected as the high exposure group. The high exposed population of PM2.5 and the DNA damage of the general exposed population under the general air exposure level are studied. To investigate the internal exposure and effect of PM2.5-induced DNA damage Markings. The PM2 in the first part of the study population 5. The study was carried out in winter and summer, and the PM2 of the study object was monitored by the individual sampler at one time for 24h. 5. The data showed that the exposure of PM2.5 in the high-exposure group was significantly higher than that of the low-exposure group in winter and summer. The exposure of PM2.5 in the high-exposure group and the low-exposure group in winter was 1.33-fold and 1.25-fold in summer, respectively, and the winter-summer storm There is no significant difference in the exposure of PM2.5. The air quality of PM2.5 is 65. mu. g/ m3, which is developed in EPA1997 in the United States, and the high exposure group in winter and summer respectively exceeds the standard 0.78 times. 0. 34-fold. Although the low exposure group was only 0. 15-fold in winter, the summer was slightly lower than the standard, but when the new standard of EPA2006 was 35. m u.g/ m3, the control group exceeded the standard 0. over 7-fold. As a result, the pollution of PM2.5 in Shanghai is still serious, especially in the field of high-exposure, such as traffic police, and the exposure of PM2.5 to health The results of the present study show that the most important factors for DNA damage in the components of PM2.5 are heavy metals and PAHs. 1-OHP is considered to be the biological monitoring index of the exposure to PAHs, which is widely used in the population. The evaluation of exposure within the AHs. The PAHs are present in the atmosphere in the form of solid particles, most of which are stored In the present study, the daily individual exposure of PM2.5 and the concentration of 1-OHP in the first and second quarters of winter and summer had a good linear correlation, and the Pearson correlation coefficient r in winter and summer was 0.56 and 0.45 (P0.05). The results showed that the concentration of 1-OHP in the individual urine could be used as the PM2.5 in the absence of special PAHs exposure. Internal exposure biomarkers. The second part of the study population DNA damage and In this study, the tail rate of the peripheral blood lymphocytes in the high-exposure group was 15.20% and 12.64% in the winter and summer, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of the low-exposure group by 10.05% and 7.83% (P0.05), and the cells were damaged. The higher the level, the greater the difference between the two groups. In winter and summer, the content of OMT and DNA in the high-exposure group was significantly higher than that of the low-exposure group, and the two fingers The results of multiple logistic regression analysis of OMT and influential factors showed that OMT was with PM2.5 after correction of age and length of service. Increased daily exposure concentration. BPDE-DNA in peripheral blood of high-exposure group in winter and summer The results of multiple logistic regression analysis of BPDE-DNA adducts and influential factors showed that the mean daily exposure concentration of PPDE-DNA increased by 1. m u.g/ m 3, and the positive OR of BPDE-DNA adduct was 1.04 (winter) after correction of age and length of service. The results show that the DNA damage of peripheral blood lymphocytes in the high-exposed population is significantly higher than that of the low-exposed population in the current exposure of PM2.5 in Shanghai, and the concentration of PM2.5 can be effectively reduced by taking effective measures to reduce the concentration of PM2.5. The results of this study show that the OMT can be used as the biological marker of the DNA damage to the population of PM2.5, but the result of this study is the result of the DNA damage caused by the normal DNA damage. The BPDE-DNA adduct of the peripheral blood can be used as the PM2.5 in the absence of specific PAHs exposure.
【學位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：R363
本文編號：2375632
[Abstract]:The particulate matter is an important air pollutant, and its influence on the population's health is closely related to its particle size and chemical composition. The most harmful to the health hazard in each component of the particulate matter is the fine particulate matter, PM25, which refers to the particulate matter of the aerodynamic diameter of 2.5. m As the harm of PM2.5 to the health of the population is widely recognized, the United States has established the air quality standard of PM2.5 in 1997: the daily average value is 65. mu. g/ m3, the annual average value is 15mg/ m3, and the daily average value is reduced to 35. m u.g/ m3 in 2006, and the restriction is very strict. The PM10 has been incorporated into the atmospheric health standard in 1996, and the relevant atmospheric health standards have not yet been established for PM2.5. Many scholars believe that the main components of the DNA damage caused by particulate matter are heavy metals and organic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The DNA damage of particulate matter has been demonstrated in many animal experiments and in vitro experiments. In recent years, the study of the population of PM2.5-induced DNA damage has also been reported. However, there are few such population studies in the country. In this study, the typical PM2.5 pollution in China is selected as a large city in which soot and motor vehicle tail gas are polluted, and the field traffic police are selected as the high exposure group. The high exposed population of PM2.5 and the DNA damage of the general exposed population under the general air exposure level are studied. To investigate the internal exposure and effect of PM2.5-induced DNA damage Markings. The PM2 in the first part of the study population 5. The study was carried out in winter and summer, and the PM2 of the study object was monitored by the individual sampler at one time for 24h. 5. The data showed that the exposure of PM2.5 in the high-exposure group was significantly higher than that of the low-exposure group in winter and summer. The exposure of PM2.5 in the high-exposure group and the low-exposure group in winter was 1.33-fold and 1.25-fold in summer, respectively, and the winter-summer storm There is no significant difference in the exposure of PM2.5. The air quality of PM2.5 is 65. mu. g/ m3, which is developed in EPA1997 in the United States, and the high exposure group in winter and summer respectively exceeds the standard 0.78 times. 0. 34-fold. Although the low exposure group was only 0. 15-fold in winter, the summer was slightly lower than the standard, but when the new standard of EPA2006 was 35. m u.g/ m3, the control group exceeded the standard 0. over 7-fold. As a result, the pollution of PM2.5 in Shanghai is still serious, especially in the field of high-exposure, such as traffic police, and the exposure of PM2.5 to health The results of the present study show that the most important factors for DNA damage in the components of PM2.5 are heavy metals and PAHs. 1-OHP is considered to be the biological monitoring index of the exposure to PAHs, which is widely used in the population. The evaluation of exposure within the AHs. The PAHs are present in the atmosphere in the form of solid particles, most of which are stored In the present study, the daily individual exposure of PM2.5 and the concentration of 1-OHP in the first and second quarters of winter and summer had a good linear correlation, and the Pearson correlation coefficient r in winter and summer was 0.56 and 0.45 (P0.05). The results showed that the concentration of 1-OHP in the individual urine could be used as the PM2.5 in the absence of special PAHs exposure. Internal exposure biomarkers. The second part of the study population DNA damage and In this study, the tail rate of the peripheral blood lymphocytes in the high-exposure group was 15.20% and 12.64% in the winter and summer, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of the low-exposure group by 10.05% and 7.83% (P0.05), and the cells were damaged. The higher the level, the greater the difference between the two groups. In winter and summer, the content of OMT and DNA in the high-exposure group was significantly higher than that of the low-exposure group, and the two fingers The results of multiple logistic regression analysis of OMT and influential factors showed that OMT was with PM2.5 after correction of age and length of service. Increased daily exposure concentration. BPDE-DNA in peripheral blood of high-exposure group in winter and summer The results of multiple logistic regression analysis of BPDE-DNA adducts and influential factors showed that the mean daily exposure concentration of PPDE-DNA increased by 1. m u.g/ m 3, and the positive OR of BPDE-DNA adduct was 1.04 (winter) after correction of age and length of service. The results show that the DNA damage of peripheral blood lymphocytes in the high-exposed population is significantly higher than that of the low-exposed population in the current exposure of PM2.5 in Shanghai, and the concentration of PM2.5 can be effectively reduced by taking effective measures to reduce the concentration of PM2.5. The results of this study show that the OMT can be used as the biological marker of the DNA damage to the population of PM2.5, but the result of this study is the result of the DNA damage caused by the normal DNA damage. The BPDE-DNA adduct of the peripheral blood can be used as the PM2.5 in the absence of specific PAHs exposure.
【學位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：R363
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